Stability Control of Clusters of Deep Openings Around Shaft Bottom and Theory of Rock Deformation

Clusters of underground openings were developed around the shaft bottom of Tangshan Mine. They were deep and located in soft rock strata. After development, those openings have been subjected to considerable deformation and damages. A combined supporting method including grouting and bolting, shotcrete lining and brickwork was used. This paper analyzing the theories on which this supporting method was based. A new theory called "Disturbed Creep" was developed for deformation prediction of openings surrounded by strata subjected to stresses close to limiting or failure strength. Keywords ground pressure, deep mine, soft rock, stability control