Search Documents

IN the footnote on the first page of Prof. Stoek's paper, as printed in vol. xxviii. of the Transactions, I alluded to him, under an erroneous impression, for which he was in no way responsible, as " the present Director of the Scranton Schools." This incorrect statement placed him in a false position, as possibly having authorized the use of a title to which he had no claim. In fact, Prof. Stoek has never had any official connec-

Jan 1, 1900

By JOHN MARKLE

JOHN MARBLE, mining engineer, coal operator, philanthropist, member of the Institute since 1879, vice-president in 1903-04, has been paid the well deserved tribute of Honorary Membership. The presentation of the diploma was made at a luncheon in New York on Feb. 13, the citation reading: "In recognition of his work as an engineer and administrator of mines and his services to mining engineering education." Within the last month Lafayette University dedicated the new John Markle Mining Engineering Building, the gift of the eminent alumnus for whom it is named. In addition, Mr. Markle has contributed a maintenance fund for the carrying out of far-reaching plans for improving the mining courses to be given at the Institution. One of his theories is that quality rather than quantity of engineering graduates is the need of the profession. John Markle was born in Hazleton, Pa., in 1858. He received his degree of M. E. at Lafayette in 1880, and married Mary Estelle Robinson in New York City in 1884. Since 1880 he has been associated continuously with the firm of G. B. Markle & Co., and its successor companies. He has also been an official of numerous other important companies, although he is now retired from active business life.

Jan 1, 1930

By AIME AIME

AS one of his friends asserted at the Galveston meeting last fall, T. V. Moore is one of the "thinkers" in his field. He is head of production research for the Humble Oil & Refining Co., with headquarters in Houston. He is also known in the Institute as a "doer" for his active participation in the affairs of the Petroleum Division and for his leadership in the formation of the present Gulf Coast Section, A.I.M.E.

Jan 1, 1940

By James Douglas

PROBABLY no well-informed engineer would ques¬tion the accuracy of the statement that the piece of equipment that comes nearest to being in universal use in modern hydrometallurgical and ore-dressing plants is the Dorr continuous thickener. The function of the device is to separate a thin mixture of liquid and solid particles into a thick pulp and a clear liquor. Another machine in wide use is the Dorr classifier, the purpose of which is to separate the coarse and fine particles in a pulp containing solids of various sizes. It is in recognition of the invention of these two devices and the vast amount of technical work in the successful application of them in the beneficiation of ores that the James Douglas Medal for 1930 has been awarded to John Van Nostrand Dorr. To gage the importance of the development of the thickener, particularly, it is only necessary to imagine the loss of time, capacity, and metallurgical efficiency that would result if all the Dorr tanks in the world were put out of operation for a day and replaced by the old methods of intermittent settling and decantation. Truly, the record is one of "distinguished achievement in non-ferrous metallurgy" that deservedly ranks the medalist with those who have preceded

Jan 1, 1930

"Butte is in many ways an ideal location for a mining school. The student lives in the atmosphere of his intended profession. By the time he has spent four years at the school and in the community he has a fairly clear idea of what kind of a business he is entering upon, and is freed from any illusions about its being a primrose path he is about to follow. The mines and mills and smelters are his lecture rooms in part, and the shovel, pick and drill form part of his equipment. Most of the students work in the mines during part of their school life, which serves the double purpose of assisting them financially and increasing their practical knowledge.The School of Mines is a state institution, amply endowed and exceptionally well equipped. The school is strictly technical and no attempt is made to prepare men for any other work but mining engineering. The mining men of the community take an active interest in the welfare of the school and are of much assistance in securing employment for its graduates.The teaching staff is entirely composed of men who have had practical, commercial experience in their various specialties, and no expense is spared in securing suitable men for the faculty."

Jan 1, 1913

By Donald R. Mason, Daniel F. O’Kane

DIFFERENTIAL thermal analysis measurements have been used to determine the ZnTe-In2Te3 pseudo-binary phase diagram. Since ZnTe and In2Te3 are both semiconductors, any intermediate compounds formed in this system should also be semiconductors according to the rules delineated by Mooser and pearson.1 The compound ZnIn2Te4 was first reported by Hahn et a1.2 and it has subsequently been prepared and characterized electrically by several workers. A brief summary of this work has been presented by Mason and O'Kane3 who also report that the compound appeared to melt peritec-tically. The Zn-Te phase diagram has been investigated by Kulwicki4 who found that ZnTe has a melting point of 1290° + 2°C. The In-Te diagram published in Hansen' contains significant errors, and has been redetermined by Grochowski et al.6 However, both sources agree that the melting point of In2Te3 is 667°C, with the latter authors reporting the previously observed solid-solid transformation occurring at about 550°C. Hahn ef al.2 reported lattice-parameter values for the ZnTe-In2Te3 system. The 67 mole pct ZnTe-33 mole pct In2Te3 composition was the only

Jan 1, 1965

GENTLEMEN : Herewith are transmitted the reports of your Treasurer and the Chairmen of your standing committees on Admissions, Membership, Papers and Publications, and Library for the calendar year 1931. To these reports you are referred for further details of the year's activities. Finances.-Depressed industrial conditions prevailing throughout the year were reflected in a substantial decline in current revenue. Aside from interest on sundry special funds (but including that from the Life Membership, Library, and General Reserve Funds) total receipts amounted to $168,274, compared with $194,636 in 1930. The principal items of decrease were $17,000 in advertising income from the monthly magazine MINING AND METALLURGY, and about $9,600 in dues and initiation fees. Of this shrinkage $4,000 is accounted for by decrease in the number of new members enrolled; and $5,600 by diminished income from current dues and arrearages. This naturally has coincided with an \ increase in delinquency and "drops" or suspensions for nonpayment of dues. The decline in advertising income, amounting to 38 per cent as compared with that of 1930, in general paralleled the experience of all technical and trade publications; and it is problematical whether 1932 will show as large a return from advertising as did 1931.

Jan 1, 1932

By John L. Burns

The object of this chapter is to present data concerning the effect of the introduction of relatively slight amounts of carbon and nitrogen into supersaturated solution in iron. The study is confined to the alpha temperature range of both the Fe-C and Fe-N systems. The age-hardening characteristics of these two systems are considered. These data are compared to those of other age-hardening alloy systems and a "classification" is essayed. A.—Relation of Lattice Parameter and Electrical Conductivity to Changes in Physical Properties Due to Aging of Fe-C Alloys Since Whiteleyl in 1927 showed that some of the iron carbide that is normally present in slowly cooled low carbon-iron alloys disappears on rapid cooling from just below the A, point, interest has been manifested in the possibilities of age-hardening in these alloys. Masing and Koch,~ and at the same time and independently, W. Koster,~ proved these alloys to be age-hardenable. A. A. Bates4 a little later also published an interesting paper on changes in physical properties due to the aging of low-carbon steels. Many other papers have appeared showing changes in physical properties in specific instances due to this same phenomenon.

Jan 1, 1934

By L. S. Panyity

The question of natural-gas supply is receiving careful consideration in many parts of the country, as in the winter months it is quite a problem to have on hand sufficient gas to satisfy the demand. Increasing the output of wells by the application of vacuum has been tried with various results and large companies have attempted to keep up the supply with gas compressors. The possibility of storing natural gas in the sands of exhausted gas pools has been tried in a few instances with satisfactory results. This method may prove of practical value in solving the problem, especially in the case of towns that formerly obtained gas from their immediate vicinity, but now must search for new pools. Town Plant Regulator High Pressure Line Exhausted Gas Field used for Storage Producing Gas Field FIG. 1. In all cases, only part of the available supply is utilized during the warns weather, so that many wells are shut-in, yet during the winter months, the supply is not sufficient even with all the wells on the line; in such cases it would be of great value if a large volume of stored gas were on hand, obtained through wells that would have been standing idle during the summer.

Jan 1, 1919

ENGINEERS AVAILABLE (Under this heading will be published notes sent to the Secretary of the Institute by members or other persons.) Member, aged 25, recent graduate, with some experience in laboratory of steel plant, desires position as metallurgist or assistant in copper, aluminum, or steel works. No. 118. Member, aged 52, technical graduate, with 20 years' experience as engineer with coal-mining companies, desires position as engineer or superintendent of coal mine. No. 119. Member, aged 39, technical graduate, with extended experience in surveying, assaying, milling, and copper smelting, desires position along cyaniding, concentration, or copper-smelting lines. No. 120. Member, aged, 38, technical graduate, with several years' experience in research work, in mine operation and as professor of mining engineering, is desirous of engagement in planning concentration and metallurgy of odd and difficult ores. No. 121. Member, aged 32, graduate M. I. T. in mining and metallurgy, at present and for last five years superintendent of Western lead smeltery, will consider engagement with solid company, if opening promises advancement. Specialty, smelting of lead ores, high in lead and zinc content. Ten years' experience in the operation, design, and erection of a large lead plant. Now desirous of bettering position.. No. 122.

Jan 8, 1914

By Sylvain Pirson

THE number of seismograph field crews employed in the active survey of potential oil territories is still on the increase, owing to the ever pending threat of a shortage in the supply of crude oil. It is to be expected that for years to come the seismograph will be responsible for discovering many new oil fields, both in wildcat territories and in deeper formations, and that the seismographic campaign will go on unabated. Yet improvements in instrumental design, in the field and interpreta-tive techniques, are brought about year after year, and lead to the reshooting of areas many times surveyed previously. Notwithstanding the experience gained by the past eight years of active work in reflection seismographic surveys, the results given by this method of mapping deep formations have in many instances been at variance with the information subsequently obtained by the drill. To overcome this shortcoming, geophysicists have used closer spacing of the shot points and closer control of the depth points. The method dis-cussed here is being used actively in the Mid-Continent region and endeav-ors to reduce the interpretation work to a mere mechanical technique, leaving as little as possible to the opinion of the interpreter.

Jan 1, 1937

By C. F. Tolman

Discussion of the paper of C. F. TOLMAN, JR., presented at the New York meeting, February, 1916, and printed in Bulletin No. 110, February, 1916, pp. 401 to 433. Louis C. GRATON, Cambridge, Mass.-Of particular interest at this time is any paper that deals with chalcocite, the characteristic product of secondary enrichment and the copper mineral of greatest commercial importance, and that seeks to aid in the distinction between primary and secondary chalcocite-a distinction of much scientific and practical importance but one which thus far it has proved difficult to draw. The present paper on this subject by Professor Tolman, like the ,many preceding it which he and his colleagues at Stanford have published in the last couple of years, contains much of interest and suggestiveness. Without endeavoring at this time to review or comment upon Professor Tolman's conclusions in detail, I may say that many of them are in accord with the findings that my associates and I have been accumulating in the course of studying secondary enrichment in many of the copper deposits of the country. On the other hand, it goes without saying that in this comparatively new field of research or, at least, a field in which

Jan 5, 1916

By J. A. Herbst, G. E. Agar

Beginning with the second paragraph in the second column of page 148, this paper should read: The Reynolds number in Fig. 6 was calculated from the inlet diam and it is evident from the graph that above NR = 5000 the value of K2 is as it should be, a constant. The data10 shown in Fig. 7 was obtained for fluids flowing in pipes of diam D with sharp edged orifices of diam d. To be consistent with the representation in Fig. 6 the Reynolds number was calculated with the orifice diam d. These two sets of data show similar patterns and the variation in the orifice coefficient C is believed to account for the variability of the cyclone coefficient K2. The values of C given in Table IV are derived from K2 by conversion of units. C more nearly represents an equivalent orifice coefficient for a cyclone. Armstrong1' showed that data reported by Chaston 12 and Elcox13 yielded values for C of 0.24 and 0.27, re- spectively, Dahlstrom's4 data gives a value of 0.22. As a consequence of the variability of the cyclone coefficient some caution must be exercised in substituting for Q in the split size equation.

Jan 1, 1967

By J. D. Pennock

The different samples of brick examined were Grecian magnesite, American magnesite; silica brick and coke-oven tiling made in Belgium and used in retort coke-ovens. The Grecian magnesite was furnished by a New Pork party. The American magnesite and the silica brick were furnished by a manufacturing company in Pittsburgh. From these brick were made cylindrical cores, '79 inches long and 15/8 inches in diameter. At one end of each was drilled a hole about 1/4-inch in diameter and 11/4 inches long, into which the thermometer was inserted during the experiment. Conductivity.—The apparatus used for determining the conductivity, as shown in Fig. 1, is a sheetriron drum, 18 inches in diameter and 8 inches high. In the center is a little combustion-chamber with walls of split fire-brick, 39 inches square and about 6 inches high. The fire-brick, however, pass through the drum to the table on which the drum stands. The cores are placed horizontally, half-way between the top and bottom of drum and on the line of diameters at right angles. In the four walls of the combustion-chamber are cut holes just large enough to allow the cores to pass through. The cores extend

Jan 1, 1897

By Ronald A. Murdock

INTRODUCTION Exxon's Highland Uranium Operations in eastern Wyoming consists of an open pit, an underground mine and a mill complex. The geology of the deposit is reviewed in this paper, and an overview of the mining operations at both the surface and underground mines is presented. Topics discussed include geology, stripping of overburden and mining of ore in the open pit, and underground development and stoping methods. GEOLOGY The Highland uranium deposit was discovered in 1968 by Exxon Minerals Company, U.S.A., in Converse County, Wyoming, 35 miles north of Douglas. The mine is located at an elevation of about 5,200 ft in a high-plains, sagebrush-covered prairie typical of eastern Wyoming. The deposit is near the southern edge of the Powder River Basin in the Paleocene Fort Union Formation. The Fort Union Formation consists of 1,900 to 3,200 ft of sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, claystone and coal beds. Siltstone, mudstone and claystone are collectively referred to as "shale" at Highland. There are many alternating layers of shale and sandstone in the Fort Union Formation; but in the Highland area, there are only three principal sandstones, known as the Highland Sand Group, which host the uranium. The combined sand thickness is about 150 ft.

Jan 1, 1983

By James H. Allen

The development of large diameter rotary drilling techniques and equipment in the last nine years has been the main factor for the rapid advancement made by this method of shaft construction. In 1959, less than 5000 ft of large diameter hole was drilled in the United States for the mining and construction industries. By 1967, large diameter hole footage had increased to 117,000 ft. Part of the increase in footage for holes drilled represents AEC requirements due to the discontinuance of atmospheric testing of nuclear devices. The increase in footage for holes drilled for the mining industry can be attributed to cost savings of shaft construction by rotary methods as compared to conventional blasting methods. Until the late 1950's most large diameter holes were drilled with positive displacement rig pumps or air compressors, direct mud or air circulation, conventional sized oil well drilling strings, and multipass reaming techniques. In some very soft formations it was possible to run a pilot bit with one or more hole openers in tandem to drill the hole in a single pass. The main problem with single pass drilling using tandem hole openers was in providing sufficient circulation fluid for proper hole cleaning through conventional sized drill pipe.

Jan 11, 1968

By O. N. Carlson, K. E. Solie

The brittle-ductile transition temperatures of single and poly crystalline chromium metal were studied as a function of nitrogen concentration and chromium nitride distribution. It was observed that In recent years there has been an increasing interest in chromium-base alloys for high-temperature applications. The principal disadvantages, however, have been the difficulties of fabrication and the design problems associated with a material of such limited ductility. Various studies have been the effects noted in the poly crystalline material are essentially reversed in the single crystals. These observations are discussed in terms of existing theories for the brittleness of chromium. conducted recently directed toward a determination of the cause of this brittleness and to find ways for minimizing its effects. Allen et al.,' Wain Abrahamson and rant,' and weaver4 have carried out studies on the effects of interstitial impurities on the brittle-ductile transition of chromium metal of various degrees of purity. These investigations have shown that oxygen has little or no effect on the transition temperature of chromium in all conditions studied but that carbon increases the transition temperature under all conditions tested. Nitrogen was found to increase the transition temperature in the wrought condition and in the quenched or cast conditionS but reportedly has no effect in the furnace-cooled condition.

Jan 1, 1964

By V. V. Strishkov, Zane E. Murphy, George Markon

Soviet industrial expansion depends on coal as a source of power and raw materials for the USSR's metallurgical and chemical industries. Knowledge of the Soviet Union's coal resources and production outlook is essential for a critical evaluation of the Soviet industrial potential. Although there is considerable literature on the Soviet coal industry, no single source provides an authoritative study of how the coal industry functions and how well it per- formed its job. Soviet reports are singularly lacking in the precise data in terms that are comprehensible to a westerner. It is essential, therefore, to clarify the terms in Soviet parlance. These terms are not comparable to those in common use in the West and are the cause of most inaccurate results. Official Soviet data on labor productivity refer to a limited group of "production workers" while in the West all wage earners are counted. Statistics are based on unprepared or run-of-mine coal, whereas it is customary elsewhere to measure productivity in terms of marketable coal. Thus, many western publications, while diligently and accurately reporting published Soviet data, overstate the case, presenting an exaggerated picture of Soviet progress in coal production and technology. (In terms of Western criteria, there is a three-fold exaggeration of labor productivity.)

Jan 5, 1973

By C. H. Jr. Herty

IT Is well known that manganese will desulfurize molten iron through the formation of manganese sulfide, which, being only slightly soluble in the metal, rises to and enters the slag where it remains as such (mixer slag) or is converted partly or wholly to calcium sulfide (basic open¬hearth slag). The reaction by which manganese sulfide is formed is Mn + FeS = MnS + Fe. This reaction is generally considered to be reversible, although McCance1 states- that such is not the case. The experimental work was carried out to confirm the results of Rohl2 as to the reversibility of the reaction. Six trials are herein considered. In each 200 grams of electrolytic iron free from manganese and sulfur were melted in a pure zirconia crucible in a carbon resistance electric furnace. To the melted iron in runs 2, 3 and 4 metallic manganese and manganese sulfide were added to give 1, 2 and 4 per cent. manganese respectively, with 0.50 per cent. of sulfur in each. In runs 5, 6 and 7, metallic manganese andiron sulfide to give the same proportions of manganese and sulphur as in runs 2, 3 and 4, were added. The melts were held molten in the furnace for an hour and then cast into small ingots.

Jan 2, 1925

By G. K. Burgess

§ 22. THe results published in Professor Howe's paper10 of our determinations on the Ac3 and Ar3 points for a series of commercial carbon steels " containing manganese in varying proportion, represent the average temperatures found by taking several (4 or 5) heating and cooling curves. The accompanying curves, Figs. 6 and 7, are, for each steel, the first heating and cooling curves as obtained by the inverse-rate method of Osmond, using a cylindrical chronograph sensitive to 0.1 sec. for recording time. Simultaneous observations were also taken by the differential method with a platinum neutral and plotted by Rosenhain's derived differential method and gave substantially the same results, the curves having sensibly the same contours in both cases.12 The observations were taken in vacuo on cylinders 5 by 1 in. in length bored to center with a 1/8-in. hole to receive porcelain insulated thermo-couple, and inclosed in an out- and in-glazed Berlin porcelain tube heated electrically by platinum foil wound on the tube. The vacuum was usually better than 0.1 mm. The heating and cooling of the furnace was automatically controlled by a salt-water rheostat with shaped electrodes, giving a uniform rate of heating and cooling.

Jan 1, 1914