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By Lyall Zickrick

EXPERIMENTS of previous investigations have indicated that calcium-copper alloy, when used as a deoxidizer for molten copper, results in a sound copper casting of good physical and electrical properties. Bradenberg and Wiens1 have obtained successful results in casting sound copper using calcium for deoxidizing. Masing2 has obtained deoxidized copper of high density and high conductivity by use of calcium. Pratt,3 in 1907, patented the use of calcium for the deoxidation and degasification of, copper. Schumacher, Ellis and Eckel 4 in 1929, conducted a series of experiments on deoxidizing copper with calcium. They concluded that so long as there is only a small percentage of residual calcium the mechanical and electrical properties of the copper deoxidized are not impaired; and the deoxidation is thorough. For this investigation, a, copper-calcium alloy high in calcium and 10 variously deoxidized copper ingots were prepared. The investigation concerns itself with the casting properties and structure of these variously deoxidized ingots, their working and annealing characteristics, and the resulting physical and electrical properties of the worked materials.

Jan 1, 1932

By J. Elmer Thomas

The evolution of the oil business is one of the great industrial romances of modern times. First used as a medicine, then as a lubricant, then as an illuminant, and finally as a motor fuel, each change in its principal usage caused large increases in consumption. Producing Successes The producing branch of the industry responded ably to the demands made upon it. Never was there a famine, rarely any threat of scarcity, and stored inventories were gradually accumulated to form comfortable working stocks. Originally an erratic and hazardous undertaking, the discovery and development of oil fields has made such strides as to classify now as a science. When storage stocks were low, production in close balance with consumption, and demand trending sharply upward, considerable concern was expressed over future needs. Price was very responsive to fluctuations in supply under those conditions, and quotations for crude and refined oils exhibited wide swings. A very different situation exists today. Consideration of the statistics only since the war will show how recent has been this change. In the 10-year period from 1918 to 1927 inclusive, we produced in the United States 6,100,000,000 bbl. of crude and imported 900,000,000 bbl., our total supply being 7,000,000,000 bbl. The consumption was 6,600,000,000 bbl., thus adding to stocks 400,000,000 bbl., an accumulation of somewhat less than 6 per cent. of the total supply. During that period virtually every field was promptly developed as soon as discovered and nearly every well in the country was producing at full capacity. With the maximum production of the wells required to take care of the rapid increases in consumption, with storage stocks moderate and proven reserves very slight, the producing division of the industry acquired a tempo not needed now. Potential Surplus Today the situation is vastly different. The economic consumption is about 2,700,000 bbl., with current production slightly in excess of that.

Jan 1, 1930

By B. S. Butler

STUDY of the ore deposits of Colorado has disclosed, in numerous places, sharp changes in both mineralogy and metal content of the primary or hypogene deposits with change in depth. A clear understanding of the meaning of these changes is requisite to form intelligent conclusions that can be applied in the exploration of such ore deposits. This paper is an attempt to set forth some of the geologic and chemical relations of minerals that bear on this problem. The effect of the differing electrode potentials of elements on the order of oxidation and on the order of displacement of one metal by another metal in supergene sulfide deposits has been studied for many years by several investigators. The results all agree rather closely with the original Schürmann series of replacability of metal sulfides, as Wells has shown.1 So far as the writers are aware there has been little attempt from the geologist's viewpoint to correlate the electrode potentials of the elements, other than those of the common metals, with the positions and mode of combination of the elements as found in ore deposits, and in particular in hypogene deposits. Wells2 discusses electrochemical activity between solutions and certain ore minerals and mentions the possibility of its effect in precipitation reactions.

Jan 1, 1929

The resolution drafted by J. W. Richards, J. V. N. Dorr, and Allen H. Rogers on the death of J. E. Johnson, Jr., and adopted by the Board of Directors, is as follows: "The Boards of Directors of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers wishes to place on record its great personal loss in the sudden death of Mr. J. E. Johnson, Jr., our fellow Director of the activities of the Institute, a member our Executive Committee, Chairman of the Institute's Committee on Admissions, and Vice-chairman of its Iron and Steel Committee. "A mere recital of these positions of trust and responsibility, which he filled with conscientious efficiency and marked ability, shows how greatly the Institute has lost by his death. No one else of the Institute's officers could have been so illy spared. We, his colleagues, take up his tasks with a sense of our inability to discharge them as well as he, and this with a doubled sense of our loss. "Others have written and spoken of the blow which his death has been to the furtherance of the metallurgy of iron and steel. His pre-eminence in this line is one of the facts of which the Institute is justly proud. Here his personality, originality, courageousness in advocating new principles, clearness of writing and forcible presentation of facts, are irreplaceable. His two great treatises on the blast furnace are his literary and scientific memorial.

Jan 7, 1919

By J. H. Bowden

The water-hoisting tanks herewith illustrated have been designed for removing large quantities of water from recently-flooded mines, through their hoisting-slopes, with rapidity proportional to the capabilities of the hoisting machinery available, the tanks being adaptable to slopes of small sectional areas and varying pitches. The following features may be of interest to those operating mines liable to be flooded. 1. The arrangement of doors on each tank by which it may be automatically filled by immersion at any point on the varying pitch of a slope, the water being retained while hoisting on the flat as well as on the steep pitches, and quickly and autoniatically discharged at the top. 2. The arrangement, in connection with the above-mentioned doors, of side-wheels over the rear wheeh of each tank and of sidedumping tracks at the top of the hoist, for the automatic emptying and quick return of the tank. 3. The arrangement of two or more tanks, one in front of the other, so as to give as large a capacity in a single hoist as the enginepower will permit, yet without making any tank too large for the sectional area of the slope, or of unwieldlp length, or of such a shape that it cannot easily pass over vertical curves; and without concentrating too much weight on any one pair of wheels or on any point of the track. The details of construction and method of operating are shown by the accompanying sketches (Figs. 1 and 2), and the following more detailed description. At the end of each tank is a large iron door of almost the full size of the end of the tank, opening inwards, so that when immersed the tanks fill almost instantly. To provide for holding the water while it is hoisted up flat pitches, a wooden door is attached to the front of each tank, opening outward. Each front door is attached to the

Jan 1, 1892

By T. C. Wilson, Gerald Edmunds, W. M. Peirce, E. A. Anderson

Thirty-six elements have been alloyed singly with cartridge brass. Ammonia and mercury stress-cracking tests have been conducted on the as-rolled and recrystallized strip. Ultra high purity cartridge brass has also been tested. Silicon improves stress- cracking behavior. High silicon (I per cent) cartridge brass quenched from high temperature (for example, 800 C.) annealing is exceptionally resistant to ammonia stress cracking. This improvement is not lost by subsequent cold working, but is greatly reduced by subsequent low temperature annealing. Phosphorus, arsenic, barium, cerium, magnesium, tellurium, tin, beryllium, and manganese benefit stress-corrosion resistance under some circumstances, but not others. The other alloying additions tried had no large effect on stress-cracking resistance. None of the elements added accelerated stress cracking. The impurities in commercial brass are not responsible for season cracking.

Jan 1, 1945

By V. C. Allen

THE Tri-State Zinc, Inc., Galena, Ill., was confronted with the problem of securing ore from a deposit because the hoisting shaft was several thousand feet from the mill. The orebody is several thousand feet long, averaging 200 ft in width and 60 ft in height and opened up by vertical shafts some 300 ft deep. Mining is by the room-and-pillar method. During the initial operation the ore was loaded by conventional electric 1/2 -yd boom-and-dipper shovels and hauled to the shaft by 8-ton diesel trucks. This underground ore loading and hauling was well adapted to the conditions and productive of low costs per ton. However, with the mill situated as mentioned, a triple handling of all broken rock was necessary: 1-from the stope to the shaft by truck, 2-up the shaft by skip or can into the surface hopper, and 3-by truck from the surface hopper to the crushing plant at the mill. In addition to the repeated handling, serious troubles were encountered during the winter because of freezing in the shaft hopper.

Jan 6, 1951

By Philip Wilson

THE genesis of some orebodies has been explained by the mingling and chemical interaction of water solutions of different compositions and the consequent precipitation of the mineral load of one or both solutions at their confluence. While this process can be proved in the laboratory, rarely can a positive demonstration be found in nature, for the conditions at the time an ore deposit is being worked are usually entirely different from those that existed when the orebody was formed. For this reason, the present deposition of copper carbonate in the southern end of the Briggs Mine of the Calumet and Arizona Mining Co. near Bisbee, Ariz., is of great interest. The developed orebodies in the Calumet and Arizona mines are roughly confined to two broad parallel zones separated at the north by a wedge of. Copper Queen ground and at the south by an undeveloped block of Calumet and Arizona ground about 2000 ft. (610 m.) wide. The more westerly zone includes the Irish Mag, Oliver, P. and D., and Cole mines, none of which have been operated since 1919. Much of the water from this division is carried from the 1400-ft., or bottom, level at the southern end of the Cole mine in a long water drift through the undeveloped block to the 1300-ft. level of the Briggs mine at the southern end of the more easterly zone.. Most of this water comes originally from outlying areas in the P. and D., mine, passing through parts of the lower levels of the Cole mine, which are heavily mineralized with iron and copper sulfides. This sulfide zone has been opened up and slowly oxidizing for years. Originally a pure, potable water, the analyses of which are shown under A in Tables 1 and 2, on its way through the mineralized area in the Cole mine it gathers copper, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum sulfates, a load of dissolved mineral salts almost four times as great as that which it formerly carried; analyses B

Jan 7, 1922

By Hugh Marriott

MANGANESE and its ores have been recently dealt with in comprehensive papers to the Iron and Steel Institute by Sir Robert Hadfield, and in a series of papers read before the A. I. M. E. at the Cleveland meeting. I have taken the opportunity of adding this mineral, to my records of the "World's Mineral Production and Consumption," as recently pub-lished in the Economist ?. The tables bring out the following significant facts: The world's production has increased by 10 per cent since 1913. India's production has increased by 3 per cent since 1.913, the supply from this source now being 31.1 per cent of the world's output. Russia is now producing at about half its pre-war rate and yields 19 per cent of the world's production. West Africa supplies 12.5 per cent of the world's total output. Brazil's present output is 2.5 times that of the pre-war period, being 11.3 per cent of the world's output.

Jan 9, 1927

By M. E. Grimes

Rio Algom Mines Ltd. owns eight uranium mines and mills in the Elliot Lake district of Ontario, seven of which were producing before 1960. At present only one mine is operating and meeting current contract requirements. Under present economic conditions, it is not feasible to mine ore of less than 2.0 lb per ton U3O8, although there are very large reserves below this grade, Rio Algom is interested in preconcentration for three possible applications: to extend ore reserves by permitting use of lower grade ore, to reduce costs on processing of present grade ore, and to reduce capital investment in expanding production to meet future production goals. Rio Algom has been investigating various applicable preconcentration processes since the early 1950s to date, on laboratory and pilot-plant scale. Methods investigated include gravity concentration by sink-float, high intensity wet magnetic separation, flotation of uranium, flotation of acid consumers, and a number of electronic sorting methods including radiometric, photometric, and conductimetric. No method tested has yet been satisfactory under Rio Algom's criteria of uranium recovery and cost, principally because uranium loss has been too high for a useful weight rejection. Metallurgical results of the preconcentration test work and the economic assessment therefrom are reviewed.

Jan 1, 1974

By Bruce R. Lipin

Chromite, the only ore of chromium, occurs almost exclusively in mafic-ultramafic rocks and their weathering products. However, not all kinds of mafic-ultramafic rocks are favorable hosts for possible low-grade chromite deposits. For instance, chromium-bearing basalts are not favorable because they commonly contain <0.3% Cr203, and chromite is almost always less than 50 mp in diameter, if it is present at all. Chromite-bearing ultramafic rocks in stratiform and alpine complexes tend to be either ore grade (>25% chromite) or very low grade (<2% chromite); intermediate rocks are scarce. In most complexes, large tonnages exist only in the <2% chromite rocks and the composition of the chromite in those rocks may be unsuitable for metallurgical use. Some nickel laterite districts contain more than lo8 tons of material with 2.0 to 5.5% Cr203, and hence, chromium could be a byproduct of nickel in some laterite districts. In addition, some chromiferous sand placers may contain tens to hundreds of millions of tons of material between 2 and 5% Cr203

Jan 1, 1983

By R. J. Blackwell, J. R. Rayne, J. R. Henderson, W. M. Terry, D. C. Lindley

This paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of the efficiency of water-solvent mixtures in recovery of oil. These mixtures may have the high displacement efficiencies characteristic of solvent floods and the high sweep efficiencies characteristic of water floods. Thus, the water-solvent process may increase the number of reservoirs in which a miscible-type displacement can be used profitably. The experiments on the use of water-solvent mixtures for recovery of oil were conducted to find the general applicability of the process. These studies demonstrated that, in flowing through sands, water and solvent segregated into a solvent layer on the top and a water layer on the bottom rather than flowing through the sands as a uniform mixture. Calculations based on the simultaneous flow of the water and solvent in layers were used to predict the effective mobility of the mixtures and the optimum operation of the process in steeply dipping, homogeneous reservoirs. As most reservoirs are not suited for the operation of the process under ideal conditions, experimental studies were conducted with sand-packed models scaled to represent more realistic reservoirs. These studies included the effects on recovery of oil of rate of injection, viscosity of oil, variations of permeablity within a formation and variations in water-solvent ratio. For the range of con-ditions studied, higher recoveries of oil were obtained with water-solvent mixtures than with water or practical volumes of solvent alone. INTRODUCTION A group of intriguing—because of their great possibilities—new oil recovery methods at the disposal of the petroleum engineer are the miscible displacement processes. These processes (high-pressure gas drive, en-riched-gas drive and LPG bank driven by methane) displace all of the oil from the portions of the reservoir swept by the injection fluid. The key question confronting the engineer applying one of these techniques to a particular reservoir is, "What fraction of the reservoir can be swept by injection of a practical volume of solvent?"." Intensive laboratory studies have been made during the past several years in seeking answers to the question of the sweep efficiencies which can be expected in solvent floods.&apos; - These studies provided the answer that low-viscosity, low-density solvents channel and by-pass oil in sands with no dip. In horizontal sands, solvent flooding becomes less efficient as the viscosity of the oil increases, the recovery of oil at solvent breakthrough decreases and larger volumes of solvent are required to achieve a given recovery. More efficient displacement of oil by solvent is observed under certain conditions in sands with dip.".&apos; If the permeability and dip of the sand are sufficiently high, gravity segregation of low-density solvent injected updip can prevent channeling. At rates of depletion below a critical rate,"." no channeling occurs. Unfortunately, in many reservoirs, the critical rate is so low that production of oil at rates below this rate is not economically attractive. And at rates over four times the critical rate, channeling is almost as severe in sands with dip as in horizontal sands. These findings pointed out that, for solvent floods to be generally applicable in recovering oil from all types of reservoirs, new methods of improving their sweep efficiencies are needed. Simultaneous injection of water with the miscible fluid was suggested by Caudle and Dyes7 as a method for improving sweep efficiencies. They theorize that water flowing with the solvent would decrease the effective mobility of the solvent and cause it to contact more oil sand. If, indeed, the water and solvent flowed as a uniform mixture, the process should have the advantages of the high displacement efficiencies characteristic of miscible floods and the high sweep efficiencies of water floods. Thus, the method (at least in theory) would greatly increase the number of reservoirs in which miscible-type displacements would be feasible. A research program was conducted to probe the technical feasibility of the water-solvent process. It

The Secretary of the Treasury, in a recent ruling, allows 18 months from date of discharge within which former service men may reinstate their Government insurance policies lapsed f or non-payment of premiums. The point just now confronting the Bureau of War Risk Insurance and all those who are interested in the immediate and the future welfare of the young men who offered their lives for the flag and the country is that they be kept mindful that the provisions of the War Risk Act were not solely war measures, but that the framers of the Act provided insurance protection for all time to come for the boys in uniform and all dear to them. Under this ruling those making application for reinstatement will be required to pay only the premium on the amount of insurance to be reinstated for the month of grace during which they were protected, and for the current month. When the men are mustered out of the service, the insurance continues in force for one month and they are fully protected during that period even if their premium has remained unpaid. In reinstating, that month&apos;s premium will be required as well as the premium for the month in which reinstatement is effected. The ruling also stipulates that when applying for reinstatement the man must be in as good health as at the date of discharge, and so state in his application. After complying with these simple requirements, a Government insurance policy may be made as sound as on the day it was written. The Bureau of War Risk Insurance is now searching out its delinquent policy holders and offering them this renewal of Government protection. It needs the assistance of public spirited, patriotic, business and professional men everywhere, for the sake of our former service men, who must be given the information about its privileges to which they are entitled.

Jan 9, 1919

By John Park

THE mining .district is located in the northeasterly part of Nevada, between the Jarbidge River on the west and the East Fork of the Jarbidge on the east. The northern boundary of the district is but a few miles south of the Idaho state line-the gold-bearing area extending from this point south, for 5 or 6 miles. The Jarbidge Mountains, in which the ore deposits occur, range from 5000 to 11,000 ft. in elevation, the most important mines being situated about 7000 ft. or higher. The town of Jarbidge lies along the Jarbidge River and is reached by stage from Rogerson, Ida., the nearest railroad point. During the summer months, the camp may be entered from the south by way of Deeth, Nev., but no regular transportation facilities are available over this route. HISTORY The mineral deposits were not discovered until 1909, when D. A. Bourne, panning along the river bank, found gold in the gravel at the mouth of a small stream flowing into the Jarbidge. He prospected in the vicinity of this stream, later known as Bourne Gulch, and shortly after located the North Star claims. During the following spring and summer (1910), the camp of Jarbidge grew from nothing to a town of 2000 people and the hills surrounding it were practically all taken up by mining claims. Most of the work done during. the first year or two consisted of trenching and open-cut prospecting. Tunneling was started on a number of claims and many veins were uncovered. Mills were built and operated on a few properties, notably the Pavlak and the North Star. These ran only a few months, however, when they were closed down because of extraction and financial difficulties.

Jan 1, 1925

By C. H. Chou, Albert Sauveur

The following experiments were conducted in order to study the influence of the rate of cooling through and below solidification on the dendritic structure (macrostructure) and microstructure of some hypo-eutectoid steel. The steel selected was of commercial grade and had the following composition: C, 0.40 per cent.; Mn, 0.85; Si, 0.70; P, 0.099; S, 0.043. After melting in vacuum in an Arsem furnace, the various samples were allowed to solidify and to cool to room temperature as indicated in Fig. I. Samples were thus obtained representing all possible combinations of slow and fast cooling through the various ranges of temperatures indicated, namely: (I) zone of solidification or primary crystallization, (2) zone of granulation, and (3) zone of secondary crystallization. The location of the different temperature zones in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram is shown in Fig. 2. The authors adopted Belaiew&apos;s notations. The designations of the various samples readily indicate their treatment, as will be apparent from Table 1. Sample SSS.—This sample was slowly solidified and cooled to room temperature in the crucible in which it was melted. The dendritic (macro) structure is shown in Fig. 3. The dendrites an: sharp and dis-

Jan 1, 1930

By D. J. Oswald, J. G. Ziegler

It is of common knowledge that loading within a grinding mill, whether ball, rod, pebble, or autogenous, is directly related to the lubrication back pressure developed between the mill journal and bearing shoe during mill operation. The merits of both forced-feed and gravitational-feed bearing lubrication methods are discussed with particular emphasis directed toward their applicability to continuous grinding mill inventory control. Data obtained from wet grinding mill applications in the cement and mining industries is presented to more clearly define the influence of such variables as feed consistency, slurry viscosity, mill retention, bearing oil temperature, grind fineness, and grinding media wear on the measured journal lubrication back pressure during automatic mill feed control. Finally, various grinding mill control schemes for maintaining constant mill loading and consequently optimizing mill operating efficiency are discussed and evaluated as to their advantages and/or disadvantages.

Jan 1, 1974

Said Plutarch a long time ago, ?To appreciate a man&apos;s work at the full, it is well to know the man himself, his circumstances and the incidents of his career." He might as truly have said "gift" instead of "work." Ambrose Swasey, engineer, collaborater with scientists, promoter of engineering research, patron of Engineering Foundation, advancer of the good of mankind, modest gentleman and generous giver, is, happily, well known to a great many engineers, who will therefore more fully appreciate his recent additional gift, for the use of the Engineering Foundation, which; purpose is "the furtherance of research in science and engineering, and the advancement of the profession of engineering and the good of mankind." But full appreciation of a gift of money necessitates more than acquaintance with -the giver and knowledge of the amount. Its timeliness; its inspiration; the character and continuity of its benefits, all must be comprehended. But whose imagination, though far-visioned as the great telescopes Mr. Swasey has built, can see the limits of benefit of such gifts as he has made to the Engineering Foundation, attracting-as they will-other gifts and evidences of, devotion to a great cause-? Every such gift lays responsibilities upon the recipients. Will American engineers grasp not merely, their pecuniary value but also emulate the spirit of fraternity and desire for harmony which have accompanied them? Shall we not work together and with Ambrose Swasey to advance still further the good of mankind, thus to demonstrate an acceptance of our obligations to humanity which is a counterpart in a democracy of the noblesse oblige of aristocratic tradition?

Jan 12, 1918

By Ralph Hayden

PAGE I. IntRoduction........239 II. Definition of Anaconda SLime....240 III. The Source of Slime......240 Remodeled Flow Sheet......240 Old Plow Sheet,.......242 IV. ConStitution of Slimes......243 Chemical........243 Physical.........243 V. The Slime Problem.......247 VI. THe Experimental Slime Plant....248 VII. Slime Thickeners. ETc .......249 Slime Ponds........249 Tanks.........249 Comparative Efficiency of Open and Baffle Tanks .260 Callow Tanks........252 Kuchs-Laist Centrifugal Separator....253 Garred Filter........256 Dorr Continuous Thickener.....256 VIII. Concentrators........257 Round Table........558 Peck Centrifugal Concentrator....259 Competitive Tests.......260 Twenty-Deck Round Table..... 260 Slime Feed Distributor......261 IX. ConcluSion.........262 I. Introduction. In the wet concentration of ores there is always a certain amount of very fine material with which to contend. and which invariably carries such quantities of value that the treatment of it is worth while. commercially. This fine material usually contains that portion of the ore which hinders the separation of the mineral values: namely. the colloidal material resulting from the decomposition of certain constituents of the ore. The object of this paper is to show what efforts have been made to solve the slime problem as it occurs in the concentrator of the Washoe

Jan 1, 1914

By Carl Zapffe

The manganese ore reserves of Lake Superior, because of their location and nature, have recently achieved a rnarked degree of importance as compared with the world&apos;s manganese reserves. To appreciate fully the significance and the adequacy of this reserve, one should understand how such ores are used, where obtainable, the quantity used, possible avenues for increasing use or application, and the chemical and physical characteristics of the available ores. Only with those data at hand, is it possible to arrive at a convincing answer to the question whether the reserves of manganiferous iron ores are adequate to satisfy the annual demand of the presently known iron ores for the full life of the latter. That they should last is vital; and to ascertain whether they will last was the purpose of the present investigation, which marks the first attempt to study these Lake Superior reserves. The Lake Superior region possesses and supplies the full assortment of iron ores needed for the conversion of ore into pig iron and steel ingots and castings. These ores are named bessemer, low-phosphorus and high-phosphorus non-bessemer, manganiferous and siliceous; and to include the term aluminiferous would be in keeping with the most recent nomenclature adopted by some dealers. About 35 or 40 years ago, perhaps less, most of the Lake Superior ore which is being used today was the material then considered either useless or too poor for immediate use; perhaps it was considered no more than a future reserve. An examination of the analyses of ores and the guarantees in the sales of those older times convince one that the opinions of those days must have been governed by only small differences in analyses. Some grades of ores used today in substantial amounts were used most sparingly only one or two decades ago. The relative quantities of the different ores used are ever changing; and, bit by bit, the metallurgy and the opinions are ever changing and the prejudices against certain ores and practices decrease. This is unquestionably more pronounced for the manganiferous ores than for any other kind. If, when using the present data for manganiferous ores, we will only be content to make allowances for the same experiences other kinds of ores

Jan 1, 1927

WE the undersigned, being all persons of full age and citizens of the United States, and a majority residents of the State of New York, desiring to form a corporation pursuant to the provisions of the Membership Corporations Law for the purpose of incorporating, as provided in Section 5 of Article I. of said law, the existing unincorporated association known as American Institute of Mining Engineers, do hereby make, acknowledge and file this Certificate for that purpose, and do Certify as follows: I. That the American Institute of Mining Engineers is an unincor¬porated association organized and existing with the object of promoting the arts and sciences connected with the economic production of the useful minerals-and metals and the welfare of those employed in these industries by means of meetings for social intercourse and the reading and discussion of professional papers, and to circulate by means of publi¬cations among its members and associates the information thus obtained. II. That the persons duly appointed or designated to manage the affairs of said association are designated by the rules thereof Members of its Council; that the undersigned are all members of said Council as the same was constituted on the 29th day of December, 1904. III. That on said last-mentioned date a regularly called meeting of said association was held at its office in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York; that thirty days before such meeting notice of the intention to incorporate said association was given by mail to each member thereof whose residence or post-office address is known; that at said meeting the following resolutions were offered, seconded and duly adopted by the unanimous vote of all its members then present, to wit: "Resolved, That it is the sense of the members and associates of the American Institute of Mining Engineers in general meeting assembled that it is desirable and necessary for the well being of said association and its members and for the furtherance of the objects for which the same has been formed, that said association incorporate under the Membership Corporations Law of the State of New York;

Jan 1, 1923