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ENROLLMENT of both undergraduate and graduate mineral engineering students rose approximately 11.8 pct over last year to a total of 12,830. Leading again in the enrollment climb was ceramic engineering which increased by about 21 pct. Approximated increases in enrollment of the other mineral engineering categories, in order, were: metallurgical 17.7 pct; petroleum 13.3 pct; geological and geophysical 3.3 pct: and mining proper, the lowest with 2.9 pct. Total ECPD school enrollment climbed to 242,405 -just below the 1947 peak, but 14.4 pct higher than 1955. Engineering enrollments have shown a general increase since 1951, and freshmen enrollments have climbed steadily since 1950.

Jan 5, 1957

By J. M. de la Garza Cardenas

Mexico's total oil production in 1943 amounted to 35,149,843 bbl. and in 1944 to 38,196,818 bbl., both being substantially larger than in 1942, when production was only 34,71j1547 bbl. Daily average figures are as follows: 95,111 bbl. in 1942; 96,301, bbl. in 1943; and 104,363 bbl. in 1944. The increase of 8062 bbl. in daily output from 1943 to 1944 was due to more refinery Tuns and an expanded volume in exports of refined products, although the export of crude oil decreased somewhat. The increase affected mainly the southern Tampico district (Golden Lane), which in Deccmber

Jan 1, 1945

Robert Campbell Gemmell, assistant managing director of the Jackling allied porphyry mining properties in Utah, New Mexico, Arizona and Nevada, died suddenly on Oct. 25, of heart trouble, while traveling from Hurley, N. M., to Los Angeles. To shape justly even an outline of the brilliant career and uniquely charming personality of Mr; Gemmell is well-nigh impossible, and any effort so to do can but demonstrate the inadequacy of language to sound the depths of soul-stirring sentiments. To touch upon his more important work, and afford even a limited conception of his general worth and character, is all I can hope to do.

Jan 1, 1923

Robert Campbell Gemmell, assistant managing director of the Jackling allied porphyry mining properties in Utah, New Mexico, Arizona and Nevada, died suddenly on Oct. 25, of heart trouble, while traveling from Hurley, N. M., to Los Angeles. To shape justly even an outline of the brilliant career and uniquely charming personality of Mr; Gemmell is well-nigh impossible, and any effort so to do can but demonstrate the inadequacy of language to sound the depths of soul-stirring sentiments. To touch upon his more important work, and afford even a limited conception of his general worth and character, is all I can hope to do.

Jan 1, 1923

By D. Collins, B. Pina, G. Snell

The conversion of moisture and ash free (maf) coal to pyridine solubles and gas was investigated in a microautoclave batch reactor. Two washed Kentucky coal samples (KY # 9 and KY #11) were studied in liquefaction solvents of various donor strength. The liquefaction solvent hydrogen donor strength was varied by changing the tetralin content of a mixed 1 -methylnaphthalene-tetralin mixture. Primary liquefaction conversions in excess of 90 wt% in 10 minutes of reaction time @ 700° K (427OC or 800°F) were achieved with liquefaction solvents of moderate donor strength, i.e. 40% tetralin. A modified irreversible first order rate expression (eq. 1) described the experimental data:

Jan 1, 1986

By D. Lum

The limestone resources of Hawaii are derived chiefly from emerged fringing coral reef and coastal dune deposits of Pleistocene age. These deposits are most abun¬dant on the island of Oahu and other older islands and least abundant on the island of Hawaii, the youngest. Their origin and depositional environment were influenced by glacio-eustatic rising and falling of sea levels during Pleis¬tocene time. Dredged reef limestone deposits from two deep-water harbor projects have provided additional re¬sources. Limestone uses include cement and lime manufac¬turing, concrete sand and aggregate, road base material, beach sand replenishment, agricultural lime, and golf course construction.

Jan 1, 1984

By Richard H. Sprute, Dennis J. Kelsh

Slow-settling, fine-grained suspensions can often be dewatered and densified by applying direct current between buried electrodes. Although water removal rates and power expenditures depend on physical and chemical properties of the treated slurries, metal mine tailings from Idaho, Colorado, and Mexico have responded well in laboratory testing, as have 29 samples of ultrafine coal waste from mines in nine states. This Bureau of Mines report reviews field tests at two Idaho metal mines and describes the recent installation at the Henderson molybdenum mine near Empire, Colorado, and the treatment of coal sludge at a Clinchfield Coal Co. preparation plant near Dante, Virginia.

Jan 1, 1980

By W. J. Keep

Almost without exception, writers on the subject say that sulphur in cast-iron will cause it to be white, and is in every way injurious. All founders believe that a small amount of sulphur in the fuel will work great damage, and that if any castings crack, or if anything out of the general run occurs, it may be charged to sulphur in the fuel. Fuel rarely contains more than 1 per cent. of sulphur, and if this can produce so marked an effect, one would suppose it an easy matter to introduce sulphur into cast-iron, so as to produce castings containing different desired percentages of sulphur. We have be-

Jan 1, 1894

THOSE MARKED THUS * ARE MEMBERS, MARKED THUS ?ARE ASSOCIATES. THESE SIGNS DOUBLED INDICATE LIFE MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES RESPECTIVELY. THE FIGURES AT THE END OF THE ADDRESS INDICATE THE YEAR OF ELECTION. HEAVY-FACED TYPE SIGNIFIES HONORARY MEMBERSHIP. *AARONS, J. BOYD, Vivian Gold Mining Co., Ltd., Harris, West. Australia. '05 *ABADIE, EMILE R., Cons. and Min. Engr., 214 Union Savings Bank Bldg., Oakland, Cal. '76 *ABBOTT, CHARLES W., Min. Engr. Pioche, Nev. ?08 *ABBOTT, JAMES W., Min. Engr: Ploche, Lincoln Co., Nev. '94 *AOTT, ROBERT R., Met. Engr., Peerless Motor Car Co., Cleveland, Ohio. '12 || ARAHAMS, ALEXANDER I., Student.. .67 E. 93rd St., New York, N. Y. '13

Jan 1, 1917

By E. C. Harder, E. W. Greig

Bauxite is known mainly as the ore from which aluminum is smelted but it has large use also in the manufacture of artificial abrasives and in the production of a number of useful chemicals as well as of aluminous cement "ciment fondu." An important and growing use is in the manufacture of refractory products. Composition Dana and earlier mineralogists gave the mineral formula of bauxite as A1203.21120 and the composition as A1202, 73.9 pct; H2O, 26.1 pct. A specific mineral of this composition has, however, never been identified by either microscopic, chemical or X ray examination, and therefore it is concluded that bauxite is a rock consisting of one or more aluminum minerals together with impurities. The term is now used synonymously with aluminum ore and it embraces gibbsite (hydrargillite or alpha trihydrate), A1203. 3H20 (A1203, 65.4 pct; H2O, 34.6 pct); boehmite (alpha monohydrate), A1203•H20 (A1202, 85 pct; H2O, 15 pct) ; diaspore (beta monohydrate), A1203•H20 (A1203, 85 pct; H2O, 15 pct), and mixtures in various proportions of any two of them. Bauxite of the Mediterranean region in Europe is predominantly boehmite, as in France and Istria, subordinately a mixture of gibbsite and boehmite, as in Dalmatia, or of boehmite (or gibbsite) and diaspore, as in Greece. The bauxite of North and South America, tropical Africa, Asia, and Australasia consists largely of gibbsite, but boehmite in appreciable amount occurs in many places. Corundum (A1202) is not included un¬der bauxite, although gradations from bauxite to emery or corundum exist. All bauxite, irrespective of the aluminum minerals composing it, contains certain impurities in variable amount, including silica in the form of clay minerals (kaolinite, halloy site, and others) or quartz, iron oxide (as hematite or goethite), titania (as leucoxene or rutile), iron sulfide (as pyrite or marcasite), iron carbonate (siderite), and calcium carbonate (as calcite); the last three mentioned in minor amount and of local occurrence only. Bauxite belongs to a group of partly consolidated materials called laterites, formed by surface weathering. This group includes also impure siliceous, ferruginous, and phosphatic bauxite and siliceous and aluminous iron ores and manganese ores and nickel and chrome laterites. Phosphorus and manganese minerals locally form important impurities in bauxite deposits. Properties Gibbsite is white or light shades of gray, cream or pink. Its hardness is 2.5 to 3.5; specific gravity, 2.3 to 2.4; crystal system, monoclinic, crystals tabular parallel to 001, often fibrous, concretionary, stalactitic; luster, vitreous to pearly; generally translucent; cleavage, parallel to 001; disassociation temperature, approximately 300°C. Boehmite, a relatively new and important mineral described by J. Boehm15 in 1925, confirmed and named by J. de Lapparen64 in 1930, has some properties not yet definitely determined. It occurs in grayish, brownish, and reddish shades. Its hardness is between that of gibbsite and diaspore; specific gravity, 3.01 to

Jan 1, 1960

By N. A. Ziegler

A certain amount of interest has been indicated recently in the resistance to oxidation at high temperatures of iron-aluminum alloys (rich in iron). Hautmanl published a paper in which some interesting results are given. According to his paper, only alloys containing at least 8 per cent aluminum indicate a marked improvement in their resistance to oxidation. At about this aluminum content, however, alloys become brittle, which considerably reduces their commercial value. About two years ago the author performed a series of experiments, the results of which are presented here. A series of iron-aluminum-carbon alloys was prepared by melting electrolytic iron, aluminum and high-carbon iron alloy in an induction vacuum furnace.2 The list of these alloys is given in Table I. Each alloy was forged in the ordinary way to All carbon determinations were performed by " Yensen " method. [N. A. Ziegler: Recent Developments in Analysis of Carbon in Iron and Iron Alloys. Trans. Amer. Electrochem. Soc. (1929) 56, 231.1

Jan 1, 1932

By H. B. Charmbury, D. R. Mitchell

Recovery of fine coal from solids reporting to wash water has become increasingly important. These solids range from about 28 mesh to 0 and constitute 3 to 7 pct by weight of the feed tonnage to a coal preparation plant. In the past they were usually wasted to streams, but present clean stream legislation makes it necessary to remove them from the wash water and, if economically possible, recover the associated coal as a saleable product. Where these solids are not wasted to streams or to slime ponds they are recovered by thickeners and filters. Since filter cake is often high in ash or sulfur, or both, it is not readily marketed or used. Common practice is to mix it with other plant products, generally slack or cleaned run-of-mine. Uniform blending is difficult, not only because the impurity is usually high, but also because during certain operating periods it is possible to get a concentration of this filter cake in a railroad or barge.

Jan 2, 1959

By William E. Ford, Edward Salisbury Dana

1. Simple Hydrocarbons. Chiefly members of the Paraffin Series C,H2,+2. SCHEERERITE. In whitish monoclinic crystals. Perhaps a polymer of marsh-gas (CHI). Found in brown coal at Uznach, Switzerland. HATCHEITITE. Mountain Tallow. In thin plates, or massive. Like soft wax. Color yellowish. Indices, 1.47-1.50. Ratio of C to H = nearly 1 : 1. From the Coal-measures near Merthyr-Tydvil in Glamorganshire, England; from Galicia. PARAFE-IN. A native crystallized paraffin has been described as occurring in cavities in basaltic lava near Paterno, Sicily. Indices, 1.49-1.52. OZOCERITE. Mineral wax in part. Like wax or spermaceti in appearance and consistency. Colorless to white when pure; often leelr-green, yellowish, brownish yellow, brown. Indices, 1.51-1'54. Essentially a paraffin, and consisting chiefly of one of the higher members of the series. Occurs in beds of coal, or associated bituminous deposits, as at Slanik, Moldavia; Roumania; Boryslaw in the Carpathians. Also occurs in southern Utah on a large scale.

Jan 1, 1922

The plans involve about ten technical sessions, a day spent in Cripple Creek and in Pueblo, where there will he optional visits devoted to steel, non-ferrous metals, etc.; half-a-day each to mills in Colorado Springs district and an auto trip to the top of Pike's Peak. Finally, a day at Leadville devoted to visits, including the molybdenum works.

Jan 4, 1918

By William L. Horner, James A. Lewis, Marion Stekoll

THE data in this paper show a relationship between measured productivity index and certain commonly measured reservoir characteristics. Comparison is made of theoretical radial flow assuming certain drainage radii and the tentative relationship shown by these data. Among the more important measurements found to correlate with productivity index are permeability, formation thickness, oil viscosity at reservoir conditions, and formation-volume factor.

Jan 1, 1942

By Igor Plaksin

Interaction of sulfide minerals and native metals with reagents in flotation is largely determined by particle-surface changes resulting from action of the medium and dissolved gases. A number of early studies were devoted to the selective action of various gases on minerals.1 Mc- Lachlan2 paid attention to oxygen as the most active gas affecting flotation properties of sulfide minerals.

Jan 3, 1959

By L. M. Litz

Study results are presented in which gaseous oxygen was dissolved in the leach liquor at concentrations of the order of 300 ppm. This oxygen-containing solution was injected into portions of a field being operated on a commercial basis with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Comparative results indicate that uranium concentrations and production rates were essentially equivalent with these two oxidants.

Jan 1, 1983

By E. C. Weichel, J. H. Carpenter, J. C. Detweiler, J. L. Gillson, J. P. Wood

ILMENITE, rutile, zircon, and other heavy minerals are found in small amounts in the sand that covers most of Florida. Small enriched deposits occur on the beaches and coastal dunes. One beach deposit east of Jacksonville was worked during World War I and another near Vero Beach during World War 11. Both ceased operation when the resumption of imports reduced prices.

Jan 8, 1953

R. L. Fleischer (Department of Metallurgy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)— The authors have presented valuable observations of oehavior of aluminum at intermediate and high temperatures. I should like to consider their interpretation of the appearance of cross slip plane traces in sample B-3 as partly due to "bending of the crystal due to grip constraint." Because bending moments might be set

Jan 1, 1960

By M. B. Riordan

A surface indicating pressure, temperature and flow instrument that ernploys variable frequency sensing elements has proved useful in evaluating flow characteristics of wells. Relative productivity of individual oil and gas sands in a given well can be analyzed at several back pressures. The variable frequency sensing elements are an improvement in sensitivity and accuracy and make possible observation of temperature and pressure variations that have not been possible heretofore. The surface indicating featuere results in a more direct approach to solving problems and eliniinate; many assumptions. All three subsurface factors are evaluated, and correlation between them results in a direct means of analyzing reservoir. and well conditions. Surveys have been used to evaluate well performance. locate gas entry In high ratio wells and to investigate gas injection and water flooding conditions. INTRODUCTION In a flowing well that is open to a multiple number of producing sands with varying characteristics. it is valuable to know which sands are producing fluid at a given back pressure and in what relative quantity. Core studies could qualify an interval as productive, and reserves would be computed on this basis. Unless the well is produced so that the interval does contribute. irreparable damage to the interval can occur. It is generally accepted that the optimum condition of pro-

Jan 1, 1951