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By Arthur Redfield

THE year 1923 was marked by slight progress in exploring and developing the petroleum resources assumed to exist in Central America. Actual drilling for oil took place only in Costa Rica and Panama. The Sinclair Consolidated Oil Corpn., through its subsidiary the Costa Rica Oil Corpn., drilled in southeastern Costa Rica.. Its, Panaman subsidiary is reported to have abandoned drilling in Bocas del Toro. The Texas Co. drilled in Chiriqui, and the Panama Gulf Co. in Garachiné, Province of Darién. No oil was obtained in any of these wells;' shows of gas were met in Costa Rica. Concession hunting continued during the year. A number of concessions, several of which appear to be purely speculative, were submitted for ratification. Some confusion has been caused by overlapping concessions and claims to oil lands, caused partly by the imperfection of existing maps. A conflict between the Sinclair, and Gulf companies in Panama has been compromised. The Amory concession in central Costa Rica, held by the British Controlled Oilfields, Ltd., was voided by decision of the arbitrator, Chief -Justice Taft. Geologic exploration took-place in Guatemala and in Panama. The chief contribution of the year to Central American geology was a description by Katherine Van Winkle Palmer of Lower Miocene foraminifera and mollusks from southeastern Costa Rica. A new petroleum law was promulgated in Panama.

Jan 3, 1924

By Dwight E. Woodbridge

DuriNg April, Max, and June, 1910, I was in charge of an examination of the greater part of the Moa iron-ore area in Oriente Province, Cuba, on the north coast, near the east end of the island. My instructions, on arrival at the properties, were to check former estimates of tonnages and grades, and to re-examine the ore comprised in claims covering 44,727 acres. This work included the running of lines dividing the properties into co-ordinate planes, the boring of many thousand feet of holes spaced at the intersections of these co-ordinates, the taking of samples of the ore penetrated, the analysis of these samples for their various constituent minerals, and the determination of the results as to tonnages, depths, and grades, both for individual properties and for the entire group. Each section of every one of the thousand holes drilled was to be compensated for depth and grade with every other, a series of simple arithmetical calculations of no slight magnitude, the mere mechanical labor of which consumed much time, but finally resulted in giving a complete average of all the essential facts for the entire area of 18,000 hectares, Had it not been for the more than willing, active, and able co-operation of the officers of the Spanish-American Iron Co., from Charles F. Rand, President, and Jennings S. Cox, General .Manager, down to the most humble water-carrier, the work would have consumed far more time than it did. The lands thus systematically explored by me were comprised in the following denouncements: Punta Gorda, Yaminiguey, Baracoa secunda, Sagua, Moa, Yajrumaje, Lirio, and Cabanas, all of which were massed as the Moa group, so called, and cover an area of 13,832 hectares, or 34,179 acres. Some 10,000 acres additional to this was included in neighboring properties, lying between Moa and the east end of the island, the Buena Vista,

Jan 1, 1912

By A. R. Ledoux

I WAS wondering whether we were going to adhere to our text. It seems to me that we are having a very remarkable meeting of mining engineers this year, because no matter what the texts may be that are assigned to us, we get back toward something higher; we turn to the consideration of questions of ethics, and of applied Christianity. Yesterday we listened to the most eloquent and remarkable address by Mr. Rickard in memory of Dr. Raymond, and it was told us that he was to speak about Raymond's achievements as an engineer. He did say considerable on that subject, but he was himself carried away with the spirit of the man and moved us all by his portrayal of Dr. Raymond's continued and fruitful labors for the betterment of mankind-that is to say his religion. Our President asked me if I would say something this afternoon and I find in the bulletin that the text of the discourses which we are to have here this afternoon is "International Cooperation in Mining in North America." But again I find that the eloquent speaker who has just preceded me has dwelt largely on ethical and spiritual cooperation rather than upon cooperation in mining. That is, cooperation as men, rather .than solely as engineers. The imaginary line dividing Canada from the United States, unmarked by fort or military post, was mentioned by a previous speaker. There are going to be in the future, I am sure, fewer entanglements of the barbed wire of tariff discrimination along our border-to that end let us cooperate. But there has always been a reciprocity in men. A Canadian conceived and created our great transcontinental line, the Great Northern Railway; an American made the Canadian Pacific what it is. In mining and metallurgy, American engineers, backed by American capital, have built up great Canadian industries while Canadian experts have developed some of the resources on this side of the line. They have done much more than develop our resources: some of them have been our leaders in sympathy for labor. It is therefore not a question of creating a spirit of cooperation, but of giving it freer scope and a fuller realization of fraternity-or, to use the .word now more common and of deeper significance-brotherhood.

Jan 4, 1919

Executive A R LEDOUX, Chairman ARTHUR S DWIGHT CHARLES F RAND E P MATHEWSON J V W REYNDERS Membership E DEGOLYER, Chairman W Y WESTERVELT, Vice-chairman WILLIAM H BASSETT H G MOULTON C MINOT WELD Finance WALTER H ALDRIDGE, Chairman GEORGE D BARRON GALEN H CLEVENGER Library GEORGE C STONE,' Chairman JOHN H JANEWAY ALEXANDER C HUMPHREYS, ROBERT LINTON FREDERICK F SHARPLESS

Jan 1, 1923

By R. E. Reed, C. J. McHargue

Single crystals of aluminurn were reduced 90 pct in diameter by extrusion at 296" and 77°K. The resultant double fiber texture had a strong (111) component with a weak (001) component. The relative anzounts of these components varied with starting orientation. Decreasing the Lemperatuve of defovtnation increased the amount of (001) texture component in crystals with inilia1 orientations near (111). The starting orientation and temperature of deformation strongly affected the morphology of the (001) component. The effects of orientation and Lemperatuve upon the distribution of the (001 ) texture component in extruded aluminum single crystals were rationalized on the basis of deformation band formation and interaction. MANY papers since the early 1920s have discussed the occurrence of the double fiber texture (111) + (001) in wires and rods of deformed fcc metals. Aside from the reporting of experimental results for the various metals under a variety of fabrication conditions, emphasis has been placed on two related problems. One problem deals with the prediction of ideal end orientations based on the glide systems and flow directions. The other problem seeks the reason why different amounts of each component may be produced by the same fabrication schedule for metals apparently having the same deformation systems. Some of the difficulties in developing a satisfactory explanation have their origin in the experiments themselves. One mistake has often been the assumption of an initially randomly oriented specimen or complete ignorance of effects of starting orientation. Recent studies by Grewen and Wassermann,1 Cullity and co-workers,2' and McHargue4 have shown that the initial orientation may be the most important factor in determining the final orientation. Hence only limited comparisons of data from different studies can be made unless all conditions of the initial material are specified. Another question has been the nature of the (001) component. Hibbards suggested that any (001) present was the result of re crystallization during fabrication. Although Fleischer6 found no (001) texture in aluminum swaged at room temperature, and Dayal 7 found that component to disappear at very high reductions, a double fiber texture has usually been reported for aluminum. Vandermeer and McHargue showed that, while some (001) in aluminum may be the result of recrystallization, much of this component has its origin in the deformation process. Ahlborn and Wassermanng found the (001) component in silver deformed at low temperature not to be the product of recrystallization.

Jan 1, 1968

By J. B. Sellers, G. R. Haworth, F. W. Brackebusch, P. G. Zambas

Results of large-scale mining experimentation carried on in Stage II of the Anvil Points Oil Shale Research Program, Rifle, Colo., are reported. After a new adit was excavated, over 500,000 tons of oil shale was extracted during a 13-month period by a modified room and pillar method. Experiments in drilling and blasting headings, benches, and crosscuts are reported. Roof-bolting procedures, loading and hauling, and ventilation design are discussed. Results of the extensive investigations carried out by the cooperative industry group and earlier work by the U.S. Bureau of Mines indicate that mining oil shale is technologically feasible.

Jan 1, 1973

By E. L. Affleck, W. G. Stevenson

In both Canada and the United States, a company making a public offering of securities must comply with regulations which have been passed by Federal, State and/or Provincial Legislatures. These regulations usually require the distribution of an acceptable prospectus which provides essential background information about the issuer, the project and the share offering. when the public offering has been accepted, the unlisted company may then seek a listing of its shares for trading on a Stock Exchange. Once listed, the company will be subject to rules of the Stock Exchange. This paper will deal with the specific information required for inclusion into a prospectus being submitted for a resource company and particularly those parts of concern to mining engineers and geologists.

Jan 1, 1985

ALABAMA Auburn.-Brown, R. L. Battelle.-Green, G. G. Bessemer.-Abbott, C. E. Dobbs, G. G. Ferguson, V. Birmingham.-Aldrich, T. H. Aldrich, T. H., Jr. Allen, A. W. Bonnyman, J. Bowron, J. Crawford, G. G. Crockard, F. H. Ellis, E. E. Fairbairn, C. T. Gambrill, G. T., Jr. Geismer, H. S. Hiller, E. McCormack, G. B. Maben, J. C.

Jan 1, 1917

ALABAMA Anniston.-Carrington, F. G. Auburn.-Brown, R. L. Battelle.-Green, G. G. Bessemer.-Abbott, C. E. Dobbs, G. G. Ferguson, V. Birmingham.-Adams, J. H. Aldrich, T. H. Aldrich, T. H., Jr. Allen, A. W. Bonnyman, J. Bowron, J. Bush, M. W. Crawford, G. G. Crockard, F. H. Ellis, E. E. Fairbairn, C. T. Gallacher, J. Geismer, H. S.

Jan 1, 1917

ALABAMA Aldrich.-Lloyd, T. W. Anniston.-Carrington, F. G. Klugh, B. G. Bessemer.-Abbott, C. E. Dobbs, G. G. Ferguson V. Salmon, h. S. Stuart, Q. W. Birmingham.-Adams, J. H. Aldrich, T. H. Aldrich, T. H., Jr. Allen, A. W. Armstrong. W. D. Ball, E. M. Bonnyman, J. Bush, M. W. Carter, E. Crawford, G. G. Davis, C. B. Dryer. T. B.

Jan 1, 1923

By AIME AIME

COUNCIL PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL. CHARLES KIRCHHOFF NEW YORK, N. Y. (Term expires February, 1912.) VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE COUNCIL. BENJAMIN B. LAWRENCE NEW YORK, N. Y. JOSEPH W. RICHARDS SOUTH BETHLEHEM, PA. ALBERT SAUVEUR CAMBRIDGE, MASS. (Term expires February, 1912.) S. B. CHRISTY BERKELEY, CAL. W. A. LATHROP PHILADELPHIA, PA. GARDNER F. WILLIAMS WASHINGTON, D. C. (Term expires February, 1913.)

Oct 1, 1911

By AIME AIME

COUNCIL.* PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL. CHARLES KIRCHHOFF NEW YORK, N. Y. (Term expires February, 1912.) VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE COUNCIL. BENJAMIN B. LAWRENCE NEW YORK, N. Y. JOSEPH W. RICHARDS SOUTH BETHLEHEM, PA. ALBERT SAUVEUR CAMBRIDGE, MASS. (Term expires February, 1912.) S. B. CHRISTY BERKELEY, CAL. W. A. LATHROP PHILADELPHIA, PA. GARDNER F. WILLIAMS WASHINGTON, D. C. (Term expires February, 1913.)

Mar 1, 1911

ALABAMA Aldrich.-Lloyd, T W Anniston.-Carrington, F G Gerber, A B Heimrod, A A. White, H E Ashland.-Barton, J C Sturdevant, J C Bessemer.-Abbott, C E Ball, T L Hines, H K Hodgkin, W -0. Salmon, H S Thompson, N E Birmingham.-Adams, J H Adler, J. E Aldrich, T H Aldrich, T H, Jr. Ball, E M

Jan 1, 1923

By AIME AIME

Council. * PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL. JAMES F. KEMP NEW YORK, N.Y. (Term expires February, 1913.) VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE COUNCIL. S. B. CHRISTY BERKELEY, CAL. W. A. LATHROP PHILADELPHIA, PA. GARDNER F. WILLIAMS WASHINGTON, D. C. (Term expires February, 1913.) KARL EILERS NEW YORK, N. Y. WALDEMAR LINDGREN WASHINGTON, D. C. BENJAMIN B. THAYER NEW YORK, N. Y. (Term expires February, 1914.)

Mar 1, 1912

Executive A R LEDUC, Chairman ARTHUR S DWIGHT R V NORRIS EDWIN LUDLOW E L DEGOLYER Membership J V W REYNDERS, Chairman E L DEGOLYER R M RAYMOND EDGAR RICKARD W Y WESTERVELT Finance WALTER H ALDRIDGE, Chairman GALEN H CLEVENGER J V W REYNDERS Library Chairman JOHN H JANEWAY GEORGE C STONES ROBERT LINTON ALEXANDER C HUMPHRLYS, - BRADLEY STOUGHTON

Jan 1, 1923

NEW YORK SECTION ALLEN H. ROGERS, Chairman, H. C. PARMELEE, Vice-chairman, FOREST RUTHERFORD, Vice-chairman, W. S. DICKSON, Secretary, 71 Broadway, New York, N. Y. J. E. JOHNSON, JR. . F. T. RUBIDGE, Treasurer, P. G. SPILSBURY. The annual meeting of the New York Section, for the election of officers and other business, was held at the Machinery Club on May 23,

Jan 8, 1918

By AIME AIME

COUNCIL.* PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL. JAMES F. KEMP : NEW YORK, N. Y. (Term expires February, 1913.) VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE COUNCIL. S. B. CHRISTY BERKELEY, CAL. W. A. LATHROP PHILADELPHIA, PA. GARDNER F. WILLIAMS WASHINGTON, D. C. (Term expires February, 1913.) KARL EILERS NEW YORK, N. Y. WALDEMAR LINDGREN WASHINGTON, D. C. BENJAMIN B. THAYER NEW YORK, N. Y. (Term expires February, 1914.)

Apr 1, 1912

Arizona ROBERT E TALLY, Chairman CARL F MILLS, Secretary-treasurer, P O Box 1462, Jerome, Ariz W. S. BOYD THOMAS H O. O'BRIEN F. W MACLENNAN Boston Meets first Monday each winter month GALEN H. CLEVENCER, Chairman HOLCOMB J BROWN, Vice-chairman F LEROY FOSTER, Secretary-treasurer, Room 8-219, Mass. Inst of Tech, Cambridge, Mass A. E WELLS H A WENTWORTH

Jan 1, 1923

BRANCH COUNCILS Mining Branch E R Price, Chairman (Coal) Howard A Meyerhoff (Industrial Minerals) J V Beall, Secretary Richard M Foose (Industrial Minerals) Carroll F Hardy (Coal) Frank A Hardlaw (Mining, Geology, and Geophysics) S J Swainson (Minerals Beneficiation) Philip J Shenon (Mining, Geology, and Geophysics) Grover J Holt (Minerals Beneficiation) A C Callen (Mineral Industry Education) C H. Behre, Jr. (Mineral Economics)

Jan 1, 1952

E. O?C. Acker Jinzoc Adachi Truman H. Aldrich Walter H. Aldridge Anson W. Allen John H. Allen William R. Appleby W. Lawrence Austin W. S. Ayres David Baker John Henry Banks Henry C. Banon Alonzo F. Bardwell Wm de L. Benedict Robert Bentley Andrew A Blair Walter M. Brodie Elwin F. Brown Fredrick Burbidge H.H. Burden Charles Butters

Jan 1, 1942