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By Pierre Sauvé, Guy Perrault, Armand Savoie, Pierre Trudel

"La Mine Doyon est une entreprise détenue à parts égales par Cambior Inc. et par Minerais Lac Ltée qui en est l'opérateur. Les statistiques de production au 1"" janvier 1990 indiquent que, depuis le début de son exploitation (1980), 10.3 Mt de minerai d'une teneur moyenne de 5,9 g Au/t ont été usinées. Les réserves sont estimées a 10,4 Mt à une teneur moyenne de 6,6 g Au/t jusqu' à une profondeur de-450m.Trois zones minéralisées sont présentement en exploitation. Ces zones sont caractérisées par la présence de veines de quartz-pyrite accompagnées localement de chalcopyrite. Les roches encaissantes sont les schistes a séricite (zone# 1), les roches volcaniclastiques de composition felsique (zone #2) et intermédiaire (zone #2, zone ouest) ainsi que les roches intrusives appartenant au pluton de Mooshla (zone ouest). Toutes ces roches ont subi un métamorphisme régional dont l'intensité correspond à la limite supérieure du facies schiste vert ( -425°C}.Les zones minéralisées sont situées à I' intérieur des zones de déformation et d'altération les plus intenses. L'étude des structures mineures nous indique que la région a subi plusieurs épisodes de déformation ductile a fragile qui sont antérieurs, contemporains et postérieurs al a minéralisation. L'analyse structurale indique également que la déformation majeure est associée à une importante phase de compression orientée N-S a NNE-SSW.L’ensemble des observations suggère que la minéralisation et I' altération associée sont de type épigénétique. La mise en place du minerai se serait effectuée à la fin de l'épisode principal de métamorphisme et de la déformation."

Jan 1, 1990

By J. B. Hinzer, J. D. Harvey

"Noranda's Lyon Lake property in the Sturgeon Lake area of Northwestern Ontario was staked by Mattagami Lake Mines Limited in May 1969 to cover airborne Input anomalies. Subsequent ground geophysical and diamond drilling programs resulted in the disco very of the Boundary Extension, Lake and Creek ore zones. As of December 31, 1978, ore reserves were estimated at 3,945,000 tons assaying 6.53 per cent Zn, 1.24 per cent Cu, 0.63 per cent Pb, 3.42 oz/ton Ag and 0.010 oz/ton Au.These deposits are hosted within the South Sturgeon Lake volcanic pile of Archean age, which consists of several cycles of basic intermediate and felsic volcanic materials overlain by a sedimentary iron formation and built upon a plutonic base (Franklin , ' 1975). The top 50 m of the second felsic cycle, according to mine terminolo gy, contains the mineralization within Quartzphenocryst- bearing felsic lapilli tuff and underlying thin discontinuous graphitic sediments and altered coarse pyroclastics. The basal andesitic member of the overlying cycle forms the hanging wall to the ore deposits.Although there is no alteration pipe below the deposits, the coarse footwall rocks are permeated by chlorite, garnet, carbonate, iron sulphide and magnetitie-bearing veins intensifying from west to east.Immediate host rocks are alkali depleted and MnO, FeO, Zn and Cu enriched compared to Goodwin's (1972) average Archean rhyolites. Bedded pyrite-pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite lenses with sphalerite-rich tops are underlain by weakly developed stringer mineralization.Traversing eastward from the Lake Zone to the Creek Zone and toward the Sturgeon Lake Mine deposit, more rapid facies changes, more pronounced chloritic and carbonate alteration, the presence ofgarnets, greater MnO, FeO, CaO and Ag abundances, and increasing Zn/Cu and MnO/FeO ratios are apparent."

Jan 1, 1981

By S. N. Bhatnagar, S. K. Haldar

"Mineral exploration is an expensive speculative venture and calls for optimization of sampling. Exploration is generally planned in grid pattern to be conducted in phased manner. The objective of any such campaign is to assess the quality, quantity and its reliability. The traditional estimation methods are unable to provide a means of calculating the degree of reliability. Application of mathematical models can quantify the precision of estimation and bring forth decision-making criteria at any stage.In this paper three statistical and geostatistical models, viz., Frequency, Probability, and Semi-variogram, have been employed to evaluate sequential exploration data of RampuraAgucha zinc-lead deposit. The optimization in exploration for a specific objective has been highlighted.IntroductionAny exploration campaign demands heavy resource investment starting from the collection of the first sample to the production of the first ton of ore. The best estimation would be if the entire orebody is taken out and sampled. However, this is neither possible, nor desirable. Drilling is the primary tool of geological sampling. It shares the major portion of the investment and, thereby, warrants critical analysis at every stage during the ongoing exploration projects.The exploration program should be conducted as a well planned scheme based on a sequential evaluation approach in a phased way to achieve a specific objective. It would then be possible to evaluate exploration data at the completion of each phase by employing computer-based mathematical techniques to quantify the precision of the estimate for fulfillment of objectives. The subsequent drilling program should be modified accordingly."

Jan 1, 1987

By Andy Fortin, Jeet Basi, Simon Hille

Goldcorp’s Eleonore mine is situated in Ell Lake area in the northeastern part of the Opinaca reservoir in the James Bay region of Quebec. The design of the 7000 t/d process plant includes crushing, grinding, bulk sulphide flotation, separate concentrate and tails leaching and detoxification circuits and residue handling. Detoxified flotation tails are thickened and filtered. A portion of the filtered tails are blended with the thickened detoxified sulphide concentration for paste backfill. The remaining filtered tails are trucked to the waste management facility. This presentation will describe the challenges faced with the commissioning and subsequent ramp-up of the flotation tails filter plant and the successes achieved by the multi-discipline team at Eleonore.

Jan 1, 2016

By Claude K. Howse

The area covered by the present paper consists of about fifty square miles in the immediate vicinity of the settlement of St. Lawrence, which is on the Southern extremity of the Burin peninsula on the south coast of Newfoundland. Physiography Physiographically, the area is part of the Atlantic upland, equivalent to the New England province of the United States. Evidences of two erosion surfaces are to be seen truncating the intrusives and the folded volcanics and sedimentary rocks. The older erosion surface is represented by small monadnocks from 650 to 750 feet in height with the younger surface covering most of the area and characterized by rounded subdued topography with maximum relief of two to three hundred feet and numerous ponds and bogs. These surfaces have been correlated with the High Valley and the Lawrence peneplains of Newfoundland. On the Avalon peninsula, these peneplains have elevations of, respectively, from 1,300 to 1,700 feet and from 500 to 1,000 feet. Glaciation The entire peninsula has been glaciated, with lee-and-stoss slopes showing on the highest hills in the immediate vicinity, many of which have striae and erratics on their summits. The lee-and-stoss slopes, the glacial striae, and the distribution of certain rocks found in the drift and whose source outcrops are known, indicate a southward direction of ice movement.

Jan 1, 1951

By J. Makgatho, P. Condori, J. Winnett, Fischerm D.

"Palabora Mining Copper (PMC) has two autogenous mills that have been in operation since 1976. The mills were originally designed to treat 30 000 t/d of open cast copper ore in a closed circuit with cyclones. As the ore body went deeper the open cast method of mining was changed to block caving, a consequence of this was the dolerite content (hardest barren material) increased significantly, increasing the production rate of pebbles and thus reducing the milling capacity. In order to cope with the increased ore hardness and to increase mill capacity, a second ball milling stage and pebble crushing were incorporated to the circuit. The above actions created new challenges to the circuit operation and bottlenecks in different areas of the milling circuit.This paper reports the holistic work performed on the Palabora autogenous milling circuit including the implementation of a mill constraint control scheme, the implementation of a pebble removal system from the circuit and a new circuit configuration."

Jan 1, 2012

By Northeastern University, B. Y. Cui, B. Y. Wang, D. Z. Wei, W. G. Liu, Z. C. Guan, S. L. Gao

To recover iron values from low grade ores by reverse froth flotation method, further research on cationic collectors used in reverse flotation of iron ores is launched to promote the utilization efficiency of iron ores. In this paper, one new cationic surfactant, bis(2-hydroxylethyl) dodecylamine (BHD), that could be dissolved in water easily was used as collector for quartz flotation. Flotation results indicated that BHD shows stronger collecting performance on quartz than hematite. The maximum recovery of 96.30% to quartz is obtained at a collector concentration of 20.0 mg/L in the pulp pH range from 5 to 7. This collector can be used to float quartz from hematite. And optimal separation results with 86.59% iron recovery and 66.60% iron grade to synthetic sample were achieved at a collector concentration of 20.0 mg/L and pulp pH of 5.02 when hematite and quartz were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:2. The adsorption mechanism of the collector on quartz surface was investigated by XPS analysis, infrared spectroscopic analysis and zeta-potential measurements, which revealed that electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding adsorption occur between collector and quartz surface.

Jan 1, 2016

By Peter K. Kaiser

Planning and design of deep underground mines involves a process of complex three-dimensional data integration utilizing information from exploration (geology, rock mass characteristics), engineering (mining method, excavation geometry, stress) and operations (time, in the form of sequencing). As new logging and monitoring technologies are being developed, the amount and data complexity becomes overwhelming and decisions are often made based on only a small part of the available data. Recently, Laurentian University opened a state-of-the-art Virtual Reality Laboratory (VRL), a Mining Exploratorium that is unique in the world of mining and offers an exceptional data interpretation environment for mine planning and design. The Mining Exploratorium combines a large format spherical stereoscopic projection system, equipped with high definition projection providing the highest resolution of active stereo in the world today, with advanced features of earth modeling software. Combined, this creates the first virtual reality facility geared specifically to the interpretation of mine geometry, geology, geochemistry, microseismicity, geomechanics and mining data sets. This paper demonstrates how value can be added to the mine planning and design process by utilizing this unique tool in the mining decision-making process via better comprehension of spatial relationships of data and by interpreting the data in a collaborative immersive virtual reality environment.

May 1, 2002

By Z. X. Cui, X. D. Ma, L. Contreras, X. Jiang

The bath smelting process is one of the key techniques applied in the current copper smelting production, which includes bottom-blown and side-blown furnaces differently from the direction of gas injection. Liquid matte and slag form the bath in the smelting furnace. To better understand the fluid dynamic of the bath and further optimise the operational efficiencies in the smelting furnace, physical simulation of the bath in the horizontal cylindrical reactor was investigated. The mixing behaviour and wave motion of the bath in the bottom-blown and side-blown furnaces have been studied systematically. The mixing time is reduced with increasing gas flowrate and height of the lower layer, while it increases significantly with increasing the height of the upper layer. The wave motion in the furnaces can be suppressed with the presence of the upper layer, but the bath with a lower density generates higher wave amplitude. Overall, in comparison to bottom-blown mixing, side-blown mixing shows better mixing efficiency and lower wave amplitude. In addition, the plume eye and splash phenomena occurred in the bottom-blown furnace have also been studied. INTRODUCTION The bath smelting process is one of the principal techniques used in the current copper making industry. The bath smelting techniques have some advantages of high smelting efficiencies, low capital costs, low energy consumptions and reduced dust generations. From the direction of gas injection, the bath smelting techniques can be classified into five general types: (1) top-submerged blown, e.g. Ausmelt and Isasmelt; (2) top-suspended blown, such as Mitsubishi smelting; (3) top direct-to-copper smelting, such as Outokumpu smelting; (4) submerged side-blown, such as Noranda and Teniente smelting; (5) bottom-blown, such as Dongying Fangyuan bottom-blown copper smelting furnace (Schlesinger et al., 2002; Zhao, Cui, & Wang, 2013; Perez-Tello et al., 2018). In many metallurgical processes involving bath smelting situations, the objectives of agitation are to accelerate the bath homogenization inside the bath which makes a significant contribution to process efficiency and product quality. Extensive mixing studies have been performed for ladle refining and tundish associated to steelmaking processes through water physical models. Mixing time is the parameter used to quantify the efficiency of mixing in the liquid bath and the first empirical equation predicting mixing time was proposed by Nakanishi, Fujii and Szekely (1975). Later on, more systematic studies have been carried out on ladle mixing and researchers realized that the geometry of the vessel could also have a significant impact on mixing (Khajaviand & Barati, 2010). However, the investigations using ladles which are vertical cylindrical vessels, cannot be directly used in the study of mixing behaviour in horizontal cylindrical reactors. Understanding the fluid dynamics inside horizontal cylindrical bath smelter is useful from the industrial perspective. Recently fluid dynamics of horizontal cylindrical smelter related to copper smelting have been studied by the authors’ group (Shui et al., 2015a, 2015b, 2018a; 2018b; Xu et al., 2018, 2019).

Jan 1, 2019

By Pravin Kumar

Goldcorp Inc.?s Red Lake Mine (RLM) is situated in the Red Lake Mining District, a history rich North Western Ontario mining community. Red Lake Mine formerly known as the Dickenson Mine has experienced various degree and type of bursting since the 1960?s. During the 1960?s burst were common in shrinkage stope box hole pillars. After discovering the High Grade Zone (HGZ) between its 30th and 39th levels, the mine has changed its mining method to mechanized cut and fill with cemented paste fill. The rock mass at RLM is mainly massive basalt-ultramafic and behaves in a manner consistent with massive brittle rock. This paper presents the use of empirical and numerical design techniques. The use of the Span versus RMR graph to determine critical stope spans at RLM and the use of numerical design techniques to determine the stability of the sills and post pillars. Selecting of a sill pillar dimension is illustrated using four different failure criteria?s. The four failure criteria are m & s failure criteria, the Pillar Stability Graph, deviatoric stress ???-?3), and induced stress level criteria ?1 /UCS, which are calibrated to RLM?s ground conditions. A wide range of case histories has been studied ranging from stable to highly burst prone ground conditions in order to calibrate the failure criteria to observed conditions and quantified to local micro seismic system.

May 1, 2002

By Don McColman

"Tires, although not always the largest single cost item in open-pit mining operations, will place in the top three, along with explosives and fuel. How this high-cost supply is controlled is dependent upon on an efficient tire program. The success of this program is, in turn, dependent upon the people who are directly associated with tires and their use, namely: the mine's tire personnel, the tire sales representatives and a technician for the rubber company. The technician will relay his observations and information received from the mine personnel back to the manufacturer with recommendations to overcome current problems .Haulage truck tire life and costs in a hard rock open-pit mine are governed and controlled by four important factors:I) Field control.2) Operating within manufacturer's guidelines.3) Different tire purchasing methods.4) Scrap piles.Field ControlPerhaps the most influential people involved in this program are those who live with the tire through every hour of its lifespan: the truck driver, the shovel operator, the dozer operator, the grader operator and the shift boss. Of these, the truck driver has the most control, in that he can drive over or around rock s as these situations arise. The loading area, the edge of the haul road and the dump account for most of the tire injuries.This is why shovel, dozer and grader operators must appreciate their influence on haulage tire life. Spillage cleanup must be ongoing and is not being done adequately if any of these operators are idle. The shift boss that drives by a rock on the road without removing it or calling for a cleanup has little recourse with the truck driver who runs over it-he has sanctioned the driver's actions by his own neglect."

Jan 1, 1986

By Pierre Sauvé, Alex Makila

"The Camflo stock of porphyritic quartz syenite is an irregular pipe-like body 200 metres in diameter injected along the axial plane of an E-W trending F2 fold, near the contact between the. Kewagama and Malartic groups. The stock plunges 55° to the NE, almost parallel to the fold axis. The stock, exhibiting pervasive, weak cataclasis with numerous, locally auriferous quartz veinlets, is cut by minor faults striking WNW and dipping about 45°NE.Two types of gold ore are distinguished at Camflo: ""porphyry"" ore and ""fault zone"" ore. ""Porphyry"" ore, accounting for 90% of the gold produced, forms wide zones within the stock. The zones are irregular in shape but tend to be oriented E-W in plan view (on a horizontal plane) and are elongated paraliel to the plunge of the stock. These zones are more abundant in the northern part of the stock. Differences between ore and barren porphyry are not obvious. ""Fault zone"" ore occurs outside the stock along minor faults, particularly in differentiated sills offer rodiorite and felsic granophyre. Gold grade is roughly proportional to the pyrite content which in turns depends in part on the original magnetite content of the host rock. Although both types of ore show some correlation between Au and S, the Au/S ratio is considerably higher in porphyry ore.The bulk of the gold is in quartz syenite and in felsic granophyre, the most brittle lithologies at the mine. Presumably, the vertically continuous, pipe-like stock, made up of shattered rock, provided the main channelway for the ascending mineralizing solutions."

Jan 1, 1990

By A. McLean, Q. R. Yang, Y. D. Yang, G. F. Zhang, P. Wu

A considerable amount of waste slag from the pyrite roasting process is discharged every year. Recovery of iron from the waste slag is of great interest for comprehensive use of mineral resource, reduction of environment impact and improvement of economical benefit to related companies. The objectives of the present work are focused on: (1) Compare various procedures for recovery of iron from the waste slag and select a best procedure for industrial trial which is roasting of the waste slag under reducing condition followed by magnetic separation; (2) Investigate the optimum conditions for maximum recovery of iron from the waste slag. The experimental result shows that under the treatment condition found in this work about 36 to 40% of the iron oxide was recovered from the waste slag, where the iron content in the concentrate is 57%. The total recovery ratio of iron, up to 70%, from the waste slag was achieved. After the treatment, sulphur content in the waste slag was reduced significantly and gangue materials, such as SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2, were reduced effectively.

Jan 1, 2011

By James R. Wickens, David La Rosa, Robert E. McIvor, Adrian Dance

"The comminution circuit at Barrick Cortez Gold Mine uses an open circuit primary jaw crusher followed by a standard SABC grinding circuit. The grinding circuit incorporates a 26’Ø x 11’ SAG mill, an Omnicone 1560 pebble crusher and a 16’Ø x 28½’ ball mill. Both mills are driven by 4500 HP motors.In 2007, several comminution circuit studies were performed to assess circuit performance and map a course for improvement. This paper discusses the results of those studies including an analysis of mine-to-mill opportunities, grinding work index efficiency, and ball mill functional performance. Subsequently, improvements to the circuit were made to enhance operating efficiency. Specifically, improvements to the pebble crusher liner configuration, advanced process control system (expert system) and ball mill classification and ball charge are discussed. In addition, other current and future improvement opportunities are discussed.INTRODUCTIONThe Barrick Cortez property is expanding to include the new Cortez Hills open pit and underground mines. Ore from these new mines will be processed in the existing Pipeline mill facility. In conjunction with ore characterization work, performance of the comminution circuit needed to be quantified. Thus, in 2007, the comminution circuit was surveyed and opportunities for improvement identified.Figure 1 below shows the Pipeline mill flowsheet. It is a standard SABC grinding circuit using an open circuit primary jaw crusher followed by a 26’Ø x 11’ (7.92m Ø x 3.35m) SAG mill, in closed circuit with a Omnicone 1,560 pebble crusher, and a 16’Ø x 28½’ (4.88m Ø x 8.69m) ball mill. Both mills are driven by 4,500 HP (3,357 kW) motors. The SAG discharge screen aperture is 5/16” (8 mm) x 1-1/16” (27 mm) slots. Ball mill circuit classification is done with Krebs D20B cyclones."

Jan 1, 2009

By J. D. Allan

"IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to present a general picture of the Lynn Lake nickel area of northern Manitoba. The geology of the area will not be discussed in great detail, nor will the mining op; rations presently being conducted. Both subjects will be treated briefly and, in addition, mention will be made of some of the problems encountered in mapping in the area. some of the questions which still remain unanswered, methods of prospecting that have been applied and the future possibilities of the area.For present purposes, the Lynn Lake area will be considered as extending from west of Lynn lake to east of Barrington lake. Thus, more correctly, it should be termed the Lynn Lake-Barrington Lake area. It comprises five 15-minute map-areas, or a total of 800 square miles, in a block 47 miles east-west and 17 miles north-south.Lynn lake itself is about 120 miles north of Sherridon, Manitoba, the closes t rail terminal. The area is part of the Granville Lake sheet which was mapped by the Geological Survey of Canada in 1932, 1933, and 1935, the results being published in Summary Report 1933. Part C, and as Maps 343A and 344A on a scale of four miles to o.ne inch. In 1940, the McVeigh Lake area was mapped by the Geological Survey of Canada on a scale of 1,500 feet to 1 inch and a map was issued in 1945."

Jan 1, 1950

By Neri Roux, Chris Budgell, Allan Cramm, Leo Cheung

"Anaconda Mining Inc. is investigating potential improvements and expansions to their operating plant located on the Baie Verte Peninsula in Newfoundland. An extensive batch and continuous bench scale testing program was launched to investigate the efficiency of cyanide destruction under different conditions in order to improve tailings handling. The primary objective of the cyanide destruction study was to apply new technologies to develop a novel cyanide destruction system.Effluent and slurry from Anaconda Mining Inc.’s Point Rousse Project was received at RPC where test work was conducted. Various sodium metabisulfite (MBS) dosages were evaluated and the use of utilizing ozone and ultra violet (UV) light to oxidize cyanide was investigated. All the data was evaluated and mass balances were compiled to develop several flowsheets. Overall encouraging results were found using a combination of ozone and MBS.IntroductionAnaconda Mining Inc.’s Point Rousse project includes an operating gold processing plant located on the Baie Verte Peninsula in Newfoundland which is in the process of improving and expanding. This plant comprises of milling and flotation followed by cyanide leaching in order to extract the gold. The residue from cyanide leaching is filtered by drum filters prior to being clarified for the Merrill-Crowe process. Once the gold has been recovered by the Merrill-Crowe process the effluent is filtered by filter presses and the resulting filtrate as well as the solids from the drum filters are detoxified prior to being pumped to the tailings pond along with the flotation tailings.The entire process is very dependent upon the efficient destruction of cyanide in the effluents and successful tailings handling. Substantial amounts of effluent are delivered to tailings ponds after gold extraction which could create environmental problems if the regulations are not met. Environmental regulations stipulate that final effluents contain no more than 1 mg/L Total CN.The detoxified tailings of the Point Rousse project are produced by the INCO SO2-Air circuit depicted in Figure 1. These detox tailings contain 10 mg/L Total CN at that point of the circuit and this was selected as the target to be matched while reducing overall MBS consumption rates from 3.2 g/L per minute. Prior to detoxification, the filter press tailings contain 520 mg/L Total CN while the drum tailings contain 29 mg/L Total CN."

Jan 1, 2017

By PETER O. SANDVIK

The Cargill deposit, located 32 km south west of Kapuskasing, Ontario, was discovered by International Minerals and Chemical Corporation in 1975 and has been evaluated through an extensive program of drilling, chemical analyses, metallurgical tests and engineering and economic studies. The Cargill alkalic complex, comprising mainly carbonatite and pyroxenite-amphibolite rocks, was intruded into the rift system of the Kapuskasing magnetic-gravity high. Weathering and leaching under assumed temperate to cool climatic conditions plus faulting, shearing and/ or initial petrographic variations within the carbonatite developed a small, locally confined karst system. This resulted in a thick enriched leached carbonatite zone capped by troughs and sinks, and filled with a residuum of apatite, goethite, clay and other minerals. Residuum thickness ranges from nonexistent on ridges to 170 m in troughs and sinks. Apatite values are 5 to 15% in fresh carbonatite, 20 to 40% in leached carbonatite and 20 to 98% in residuum. A tentative open-pit mine designed for preliminary feasibility studies is estimated to contain 62.5 million tonnes averaging 19.6% P20 5.

Jan 1, 1984

By Laura Prati

Gold-on-carbon catalysts resulted very active and selective in liquid phase oxidation [1, 2, 3] and during past studies we established that activity is ruled by two factors: particle dimension and gold exposure on the carbon surface [4]. These two parameters are also connected to the nature of activated carbon where the chemical nature of the surface oxygenated groups probably plays an important role [5]. Our studies, focused on the design of an active gold-on-carbon catalyst for liquid phase application, were aimed, operating a fine tuning of all the parameters involved in determining activity, to optimize gold-on-carbon preparation, keeping in mind that gold particle activity increases with decreasing particle size and increasing gold exposure. Gold sol immobilisation represents a versatile methodology in preparing gold catalysts [6]: throughout this work we used as sol stabilizing agent, the N-dodecil-N,N-dimethyl-3-amino-1-propan sulphonate (SB), that provides both sterical and electrostatic stabilisation, a condition we already demonstrated necessary to preserve particle dimension when carbon is used as the support [6]. We generated different gold sols by varying the relative amount of reagents (HAuCl4, SB, NaBH4), the type of alkali and the temperature of the gold precursor reduction. Moreover, as we had recently evidenced that there is also a carbon effect [5], we employed only one active carbon to immobilize the sols.

Oct 1, 2003

By Y. Sugiyama, K. Kitazono, T. Miura, K. Matsuo

"Impact energy absorbing system for automotive is an important technology. Open-cell porous aluminum alloys were manufactured through Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) process. Compressive properties of the porous aluminum alloy depend on the cell structure as well as the porosity. The authors manufactured two ordered cell structures, truncated octahedron and rhombic dodecahedron, and one disordered cell structure, random Voronoi structure using a 3D-CAD software. Compression tests revealed the anisotropic deformation of the porous aluminum alloy with ordered cell structure. On the other hand, the porous aluminum alloy with disordered cell structure showed relatively isotropic and uniform deformation, which is suitable for energy absorbing applications. Therefore, controlling the disordered cell structure designed by Voronoi diagram enables to develop the advanced porous aluminum alloy having various mechanical properties.INTRODUCTIONAdditive manufacturing (AM) process enables to manufacture near net-shape mechanical parts. The AM technology is typically focused on titanium alloys due to their high specific strength and biocompatibility (Attar, 2014). Recently, aluminum alloy parts can be manufactured through selective laser melting method (Leary, 2016). Metal foams or porous metals are lightweight cellular materials having closed-or open-cell structures (Banhart, 2001). Aluminum foams are focused on as an energy absorbing material for transport industries (Baumeister, 1997). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the optimal cell structure of open-cell porous aluminum alloy manufactured through AM process. Most previous researches on the AM aluminum lattice structure has been considered ordered and periodic cell structures. On the other hand, classical aluminum foams manufactured through cast or powder metallurgical processes have disordered and heterogeneous cell structures (Körner, 2000). The authors use a concept of Voronoi diagram (Moukarzel, 1993) in order to manufacture various cell structures."

Jan 1, 2018

By Doug Russell

Natsource: At a Glance l 160 employees l Global reach ? New York, Washington, Calgary, Ottawa, Toronto, London, Tokyo l Major Environmental Commodity Broker ? Rated as Top GHG Broker (Environmental Finance Magazine Survey, Dec. 2000 & 2001) ? Leading RECs Broker ? Large Broker of SO2, NOx l Large Energy Broker ? One of Highest Volume Gas Brokers ? Major Electricity Broker Overview l International Market l Implementing the Rate-Based Proposal l Assessment and Management of Risk from GHG Emissions Limitations

Nov 1, 2002