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By Gunnar Nord

Introduction ??Atlas Copco has customers both amongst Miners and Contractors ??We believe that the contractor's approach to tunnelling is worthstudying ??For a tunnel contractor the incentive is speed as ?30 % of the costs are material related ?70 % of the cost are time related ?A tunnel contractor favours utilizing of the face ?A miner favours utilizing of the gear ??Statement; In mining, a long term average advance rate of more than 10 m / day can be achieved with the excavation techniques availabletoday

May 1, 2009

By Jean Vavrek

What is CIM?s role on a planet-wide scale? That question has been coming back to the forefront of many discussions regularly in the months since we came on board as Executive Director and Vice-President International. CIM, by its name and by the nature of its history and make up, has mainly been a Canadian entity. It has been created by an act of Canadian Parliament and it is set up to work within the Canadian federal and provincial framework.

Feb 1, 2004

By H. Polkowska-Motrenko

Analytical methods for the determination of uranium and other precious elements in ores, industrial wastes and by-products have been developed. The analytical techniques employed are NAA and ICP-MS. Two procedures of digestion were applied: microwave acid digestion and alkali fusion. Accuracy was checked by using CRMs. Results of analysis of the same samples by the elaborated methods have been presented and compared. The methods will be used for estimating the capacity of uranium production for the Polish nuclear power programme.

Aug 1, 2010

By D. Asefi

A new method to detect microstructural features such as recovery and recrystallization as well as cold rolling reduction in low carbon steels was developed based on magnetic hysteresis loop measurement. To this aim, a hysteresis loop measuring apparatus, specifically designed and assembled for plate samples was employed. It is shown that maximum field (Hmax) of hysteresis loop, measured at constant maximum flux density (Bmax) of 0.5T, is an adequatemagnetic property to monitor different stages of changing microstructures during annealing.

Oct 1, 2011

By Michael Samis

NOFLEX valuation results ? CF deviations and net CF risk discount factors ??Cash flow deviations indicate average cash flow variability. ??Net cash flow riskdiscount factors (NCFRDFs) indicate the size of the risk adjustment applied to a cash flow. NCFRDFs profile should change with variations in cash flow uncertainty since the risk adjustments applied to the project cash flow reflect investor sensitivity to uncertainty.?DCF and RO will often produce different NCFRDFs for the same project since they use different methods of risk-adjustment.

May 1, 2006

By P. E. Georghiou, S. Shafiei Zadeh, H. Hassan Nejad

Data are presented on the extractant behaviour on toxic metal removal from spent hydroprocessing catalyst, produced at the North Atlantic Refinery plant in Newfoundland and Labrador. Aliquat 336 was selected due to its potential capabilities for the separation of cobalt, molybdenum and nickel from the leachate extractant produced by aqua regia. The solvent extraction process was statistically modeled using central composite design (CCD), and the numerical optimization was conducted to achieve the optimum point for toxic metal recovery for the extractant.

Jan 1, 2014

By G. L. Spence

Prevention of cuprous and cupric oxide formation on stored ETP copper rod is a major concern for copper rod and wire producers. During normal storage periods copper oxide layers can increase from less then 100 A to more then 1000 A exceeding ASTM specifications and discoloring the rod surface. Various types of corrosion inhibitors are tested and compared in effectiveness for prevention of copper oxide formation on stored copper rod. Aromatic triazole compounds are also compared to a non-azole containing compound.

Jan 1, 2007

By M. Jahazi, M. Brochu

This paper describes the advantages/disadvantages of electron beam freeforming using two different types of filler metal: (1) brazing paste and (2) solid wire. Sound buildups were obtained from both filler metal. The freeforms produced with the brazing paste showed a certain level of porosity, which was reduced by successive melting. In comparison, the solid wire buildup was practically free of pore. When compared with the solid wire filler, the brazing paste produced narrower buildups but a larger scattering of the width.

Jan 1, 2004

By Harvey McLeod

M3 -Technology HOWEVER:In practice we have limitations ?Clients: aggressive or cost based; inexperienced ?Consultants: ?expanding market w/training limitations ?Prescriptive designs ?Lack of senior oversight ?Regulators: difficult to retain technical capacity ?Stakeholders: perceptions and expectations ?Physical settings: challenging terrain, climate, soils/rock Do M3?s Perform? YES?Generally M3?s since mid-1960 do perform ?BC Closed Mines: Afton, Highmont, Trojan, Bethlehem, Cheni, SNIP, NO?ARD/ML issues?e.g. Equity Silver, Samatosum; selenium, cadmium, sulphate

May 1, 2010

By Scott Hommema

? Bitumen in the oil sand averages Bitumen 12 wt%; water makes up 4 wt% ? Imperial Oil (operator) and ExxonMobil developing Kearl Leases #6, 36, 87 (~200 sq. km) ? Target resource > 4 Billion Barrels ? 3 Phase development, ~100 kbd per phase High-quality resource ? Surface mineable bitumen ? Average properties (full lease) ? TV:BIP < 8 ? Grade > 12 wt% bitumen ? Ore thickness of 40 m ? Overburden thickness of 20 m Status ? Phase 1 ? Front end engineering and design underway ? Detailed engineering to start 2008

May 1, 2008

By Farzad Khodabakhshi, Adrian P. Gerlich

"In this article, cold spraying process was utilized to coat the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy with a layer of AA7075 aluminum alloy. Thereafter, friction-stir processing (FSP) was employed to enhance the microstructure and consolidate the deposited layer. The grain structure and phase morphology were studied along with indentation hardness before and after cold spraying and friction stir processing. The magnesium substrate had an initial hardness of 74 HV which increased to 102 HV after FSP due to refinement of grains to <2 µm. The aluminum coating layer, provided improved surface hardness up to 160 HV, which further increased to 173 HV after FSP was applied.INTRODUCTION Cold spray is a material deposition process which can be used for surface modification, since it deposits material on a metallic substrate with little heating by way of high velocity ballistic impacts. Using cold spray technology, it is possible to deposit a wide range of coatings with various thicknesses by controlling the characteristics of the feeding powder and metal substrate, gas temperature, gas pressure, powder feeding rate, nozzle geometry, and gun traverse velocity. This process has been recently employed for surface modification in various aircraft and automobile structural applications. This has led to a broad range of research using this process for production and modification of different metallic and non-metallic systems. In the present study, cold spray process was used to deposit a uniform layer of aluminum-zinc alloy (AA7075) on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy. This coating was subsequently treated by way of friction-stir processing (FSP) as a new post-spraying modification technique to enhance the structural homogeneity and densification of the coated aluminum layer. This method utilizes a non-consumable rotating tool with a specially designed shoulder and pin that is plunged into the surface of metal to be modified and then moved along the direction of interest. The localized frictional heating between the rotating tool and workpiece leads to softening of the materials around the pin, and material extrusion through a complex flow of material from the advancing toward the retreating side the tool. To the author’s best knowledge, only a few reports discuss the modification of a cold sprayed deposit by FSP process. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the cold sprayed layer and substrate before and after FSP modification were examined using optical observations (OM) and indentation hardness testing. Furthermore, the AZ31 alloy substrate alone was treated with FSP as well, for the aim of comparison to the processed coating."

Jan 1, 2017

By T. Alan O'Hara

"Annual mining revenue can be computed by formulae relating metal prices, smelting schedules, concentrate grade and recovery to known ore grade and an assessment of core samples. Operating costs at different daily tonnages are related to orebody shape, mining method, milling process and general plant services. Capital costs are related to sizing of mining equipment, mine development, plant-site topography, climate and accessibility, plant services and personnel housing. IntroductionA crude guide to the average 1978 cost of mine projects is shown in Figure 1, but the costs of many mine projects have differed widely from the graphed average costs of $800,000 T0.6 for underground mine/mill projects and $400,000 T 0.6 for low-grade open-pit mine/mill projects.High mine project costs and high operating costs are characteristic of open-pit mines with high stripping ratios, underground mines with thin orebodies, mills with complex metallurgy, and projects located in isolated regions with severe climate, mountainous topography, and lacking access to existing roads, towns and electric power. When none of these adverse conditions prevailed, the mine project cost was typically much less than the graphed average cost. Virtually all the conditions likely to cause high capital and operating costs are known from knowledge of the local topography, climate or accessibility, or can be assessed by tests on core samples, as soon as the orebody has been outlined by drilling .A more accurate estimate of over-all project capital cost and operating cost can be made from a summation of items of cost after judging the effect of specific local conditions on each item of capital and operating cost. This paper offers guides in judging the effect of local conditions on the sizing and 1978 cost of specific items of capital cost and operating cost and operating cost of mine projects. When the specific items of capital cost and operating cost are totaled and measured against expected net revenue and taxes over the life of the mine using the net-present-value or discount-cash-flow methods, the result should show whether the mine project development is clearly feasible, doubtfully feasible or clearly uneconomic. If the development of the mine project is clearly feasible, or probably feasible, a detailed feasibility study by experienced consulting engineers should be commissioned before any financial commitments are made; but if project development appears to be uneconomic, the time and cost of a detailed feasibility study is not warranted."

Jan 1, 1980

By D. Bronkhorst, J. Rheault

"Backfill practices at the Williams mine have evolved significantly since underground mining began in 1986. The use of conveyors as a means of transporting fill material to stopes has been discontinued in favour of load-haul-dump equipment. The method of adding binder to the fill product has been refined along with the placement technique. Slurry preparation has been fully automated and flyash is now included as a binding agent. Surface preparation of the fill product has evolved substantially with the quarry operation coming into full operation and the construction of pennanent crushing, screening, and storage facilities. Company personnel have replaced all contracted labour involved in backfill operations. Some changes have been made to achieve a higher standard of quality control while others were implemented as a matter of cost reduction. BackgroundThe Williams mine is one of three mines operating at the Hernlo gold deposit, located 40 km east of Marathon, Ontario, along the north shore of Lake Superior. Daily production at the mine is 6000 Ud yielding an annual gold production of approximately 500 000 oz. The orebody extends from surface to a depth of 1300 m dipping north at 70 degrees. The average orebody width is 25 m, but varies from 45 m on the eastern boundary to about 10 m at the western probable limit and at depth. Proven and probable reserves currently stand at 32 million tonnes grading 6 g/t.The Williams orebody has been divided into four separate mining zones: the A-zone, the West-of-Dyke zone, the B-zone, and the C-zone (Fig 1). Ore production originally was from the A-zone open pit operation while the A-zone and B-zone underground workings were being developed. The mining method employed underground is blasthole open stoping with delayed rockfill. Mining block dimensions are nominally 20 m along strike by 25 m high. Stope extraction is sequenced to achieve a relatively short pillar life and 100010 ore recovery. Pillars are extracted as soon as the adjacent primary stopes are two cycles ahead. Primary stopes are filled with consolidated rock fill after mining. This allows pillars to be blasted right against the consolidated fill, but also requires that the fill be self supporting to a height of 30 m.The Williams mine places approximately 1.4 million tonnes of rockfill and 50 000 tonnes of binding agents each year, with about three quarters of the fill placed being consolidated. The consolidated fill placed at the Williams mine contains Portland cement and flyash as binding agents."

Jan 1, 1994

By G. S. Headley

At the Sullivan Mine, recent experience with sulphide fires, locally referred to as " hot muck", has necessitated extensive modifications to pillar mining design and operating procedures. Potentially hot pillars are now being designed and mined to prevent fires. Unusual safety hazards and difficulties are encountered in working with, and adjacent. to, existing pillar fires. Operating procedures developed for these conditions have proved successful for safe and continuing production. These changes have minimized the impact of hot ore on current operations and have promise for an improved future.

Jan 1, 1977

By K. D. Genn, A. Mucha

This paper deals with Hilton Mines' approach to the maintenance of wear items such as truck boxes, shovel buckets, tractor pads, crawler sprocket idlers and the drop-ball. Each will be given a brief. description as to application, design, kind of materials involved and type of wear. The maintenance procedure is then outlined in terms of materials used, preliminary preparation, and welding and machining practices. The service history of new and re-paired items and the relative economics of repair vs replacement will then be presented.

Jan 1, 1969

By R. P. Zahn

The need for quantitative mineralogical data to characterize ore types before they are processed is becoming increasingly necessary. Mineralogical data (modal abundances, grain size, liberation/locking characteristics, mineral textures and associations) can provide invaluable information to facilitate the identification of metallurgical issues that may arise during processing of a particular ore. This paper will discuss the use of QEMSCAN analysis in conjunction with bench scale flotation test work to determine metallurgical characteristics for several ore types that will be fed to the Morenci concentrator upon commencement.

Jan 1, 2007

By L. W. Krahenbil

The programmable Logic Controller (PLC), at its present stage of evolution, is now considered as a mature control system. The PLC combines the solid-state reliability of hardwired logic and computer control systems with the simplicity of a relay ladder logic. Relay symbolic programming through a function-oriented keyboard provides a means which plant personnel can easily become accustomed to work with. In a large coal facility, it is shown that the control engineer can provide improved control flexibility with the advanced capabilities of the PLC.

Jan 1, 1979

By K. Wood, R. McIvor, P. Blythe, M. Lavallee

A new analytical approach for characterizing and improving the performance of ball milling is presented. Individual ball mill circuit design and operating variables can be related to overall circuit performance through two distinct parameters for classification and breakage. The ball mill circuit functional performance equation is presented.Total mill x Classification x Test specific x Grinding power draw system efficiency grinding rate rate ratio= Production rate of new product size materialExamples from industrial plants and applications in the research and development field are discussed.

Jan 1, 1990

By Rob Scott

Making a difference with Zinc & Health Two billion people do not get enough zinc in their diets. Every year 450,000 children die from complications arising from zinc deficiency Our Zinc Alliance For Child Health partnership with CIDA and Micronutrient Initiative, our involvement with UNICEF through the IZA and our partnership with BASF are gaining wide recognition. Sustainability at Teck ? Integrating into our Core Business Strategy Our strategy Long term goals Our approach Managing risks and finding opportunities Our progress Early reports Moving Forward Metrics and indicators

May 1, 2013

By Greg Gosson

These materials are provided for general information purposes only and do not constitute legal advice. Readers are advised to seek specific legal advice from their own counsel in relation to any decision or course of action contemplated. Outline ??What is meant by a ?current technical report? under NI 43-101? ??When is a current technical report required? ??Who makes the decision regarding whether a technical report is current? ??Examples of the types of information that make a technical report no longer current for securities filing purposes.

May 1, 2009