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By Richter, E. Charikinya

"Mineral processing unit models require information on particulate properties such as particle size, solids flowrate and mineralogical composition to model their operations. Process models that describe the separation process can be classified based on the level of information required from the ore, i.e. the feed stream to the separating unit. The most comprehensive level of mineral processing models is the particle-based modelling approach. Particle based modelling describes a modelling approach where mineral composition, mineral liberation and textural information of particles making up the process streams is used in modelling. The advantage of this approach is that all model streams carry particle level information (size, liberation, shape). This information is obtained by applying automated mineralogy techniques such as Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy (QEMSCAN) analysis which provide accurate and detailed information on process stream particle properties. Currently the use of liberation information in modelling and simulation is rare, due to the limited number of separation models that liberation data as input. The objective of this study is to develop a particle based model for a dry magnetic separator, where mineralogical information is used directly to simulate a dry magnetic separator operation. Magnetic separation tests were carried out on high, medium and low grade magnetite ores using a laboratory magnetic separator. Streams from the separator were sampled and sized for chemical and liberation analyses. A sized mass and elemental balance around the magnetic separator was carried out. The elemental assays of each stream were converted to mineral quantities and a sized mineral balance was done. QEMSCAN measured liberation data was reconciled to the mineral balance based on mineral quantities obtained from chemical assays. This was followed by the development of a particle based model that calculates the trajectory of a single particle based on its mineral composition and textural properties. The model was tested on experimental data and was able to predict the effect of variation in process feed stream mineralogical attributes (liberation, grade, particle size) on magnetic separation performance. Results of this study highlight the benefits of the particle based modelling approach. INTRODUCTION The extraction of mineral values from ore requires liberation of the value minerals from the gangue followed by their separation. Liberation is achieved by size reduction operations (Desmond, 2008; Fuerstenau and Abouzeid, 2002). Separation of gangue material from value mineral takes place in various mineral upgrading stages such as classification, magnetic separation and flotation. In these concentration stages value minerals are separated from gangue minerals based on the physical properties of the ore particles making up the feed such as size, liberation, volume of magnetic material and density. The success of separation is related to the liberation of the feed particles, the performance of the separation technology applied, as well as the inherent characteristics of the feed material (Leißner et al., 2013)."

Jan 1, 2018

By D. Hatfield, G. de Jager

"The rapid developments in computer vision and computational resources are creating new possibilities for the use of machine vision systems for industrial control. A number of commercial image analysis systems exist, and research into improved measurements of froth performance is ongoing. An integral part of the implementation of these systems is the validation of the relationship between image analysis measurements and flotation cell performance. This paper discusses the factors affecting concentrate flow and presents the results obtained from one such system with respect to its ability to estimate the flow of concentrate from a flotation cell.The relationship between froth flow speed and the rate of recovery of concentrate from a flotation cell was investigated on two industrial operations, both processing PGM (Platinum Group Metal) bearing ores. Results are presented that show a relationship between froth flow speed and concentrate yield."

Jan 1, 2003

By Kumar Ashish, Shukla Akhilesh, Kr. Rokkam Kiran, M. Sheeba, S. Sombhatla Sundar

"Purification of zinc leachate plays a predominate role in zinc leaching refineries, to produce impurity free cathode sheets. As a part of such purification sequences, copper cementation with zinc dust is the preliminary step, since the presence of copper will preferentially deposit during zinc electro deposition and has the effect of reducing current efficiency. The cake thus produced is being accumulated as an inventory, due to invariable market and leading to space constraints & hazardous ambience. Hence, a project has been taken up for in-house generation of copper sulphate solution through ammonical leach followed by solvent extraction process and utilizing it as an active promoter for zinc sulphide flotation in Hindustan Zinc’s own captive mines. Cold purification cake majorly contains copper (30-40%) along with zinc (10-20%) and cadmium (2%). Confirmation to the above statement, photomicrographs of purification cake also confirmed the major presence of copper in metallic or oxidized form. In present work ammoniacal carbonate leaching of purification cake followed by solvent extraction using diketone based solvent has been studied under the influence of various parameters viz., temperature, agitation, pulp density, ammonia, CO2 dosages, solvent concentration, and impact of w/s zinc on leaching and solvent extraction. Leaching kinetics determined based on shrinking core model. Chemical reaction at unreacted core was found to be the rate controlling step. The estimated activation energy was found to be 24 KJ/mol. Leached copper has been extracted by solvent extraction with a ß diketone based solvent and is stripped with sulfuric acid as concentrated copper sulfate solution. The above established R&D findings are successfully implemented in the Commercial plant with a treatment capacity of two tons of cold purification cake per batch. Till now 500 MT of Purification cake has been treated, and generated 6500 MT of copper sulphate (55 g/l Cu), with final Cu recoveries between 87-90%."

Jan 1, 2018

By I. A. Khabarova

The paper presents the results of experimental investigations of the effect by high-power nano-second electromagnetic pulses (HPEMP) on change of surface composition, physical-chemical and flotation properties of pyrrhotite, and search of optimal combination of flotation reactants providing increase of metal extraction from disseminated copper-nickel ores. Preliminary electropulse effect on products before flotation allows to create optimal conditions for flotation separation of pentlandite and pyrrhotite owing to forming the new phases and defects on the surface of sulphides. It was established, that the yield of monomineral fractions of pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalkopyrite increases by 5%~15 %, compared with flotation with one butyl xanthenes (BX), during usage of combination of thionic carbamate (isopropylmethylthionocarbamate (ITC) or isopropylethyl- thionocarbamate (Z-200) with butyl xanthate (BX). Sorption of investigated reactants and strength of their fixing on the surface of minerals are examined; it helped to reveal the cause of rise of floatability of sulphide minerals for the case of combination of reactants. Preliminary high-pulse processing and reactant conditions with usage of combination of thionic carbamate and xanthate have been tested on the sample of disseminated copper-nickel ore from Norilsk region.

Jan 1, 2014

By O. A. Bascur

It is difficult to analyse the economics without an integrated view of mine transactions, stockpile inventories, process flows and assays. The lack of integration of mining and metallurgical information with sufficient detail to analyse and act is a problem. However, to take action requires real time information from manufacturing assets, corrected for gross errors from trucks, shovels, conveyors, faulty sensors, bad instrument calibration. Validation methods use process models to identify inconsistent information in the case of corrupt actionable information. This paper presents new strategies that transform the data into business information for continuous improvement and optimization. This technical presentation will review recent implementations enabling large metallurgical complexes to improve their data quality for overall production and energy management. A competence center emerges as an enabler for implementing operational intelligence. The evolution of Web services to troubleshoot plant information and to collaborate at the enterprise level is presented.

Jan 1, 2014

By M. M. Fan

In Florida?s phosphate industrial practice, the most favorable upper size limit of froth flotation is 1.18 mm which corresponds to particle weight of about 2.8 mg. Conventional froth flotation is not efficient in upgrading coarse particles (+0.425-1.18 mm). A limited number of studies have been devoted to understanding and improving coarse particle flotation. We have shown that the coarse particle flotation performance can be significantly improved by the presence of picobubbles generated by hydrodynamic cavitation. In this study, the size of picobubbles produced under certain hydrodynamic conditions was measured by a laser particle size analyzer. A size-by-size flotation performance analysis of coarse phosphate froth flotation in the presence of picobubbles is conducted in terms of flotation kinetics, selectivity and recovery. It was found that picobubbles doubled the flota-tion rate, increased the P2O5 recovery more significantly for +0.85-1.18 mm particles than +0.425- 0.6 mm and +0.60-0.85 mm particles. At a given acid insolubles (A.I.) rejection, the presence of picobubbles increased the P2O5 recovery by up to about 25%.

Jan 1, 2014

By T. Moloane, C. Bergman, Heloise Thiele

"A pilot test campaign was undertaken to evaluate dense medium cyclone separation efficiencies on samples of iron ore fines (-1mm +300µm). Evaluations were done using both gas and water atomised FeSi types across a range of operating conditions in the presence of slimes build-up. A Mineral Liberation Analyser (MLA) was used to measure size, density, shape and liberation data of DMS feed and products. The results of the test work were used to obtain parameters for modelling of the partition size/density response. The findings indicated that accurate density characterisation of the feed ore is essential in understanding product quality and recovery, particularly due to the effect of porosity and micro-inclusions. A significant off-set between cyclone underflow density and separation cut-point (D50) was found indicating that relatively low feed media densities (about 3.4g/cm3) are required to achieve high density cutpoints of over 4.0g/cm3. In agreement with CFD modelling, the separation quality is dominated by viscous effects, hence FeSi type and slimes content will need to be carefully controlled to ensure efficient separation.INTRODUCTION In the South African context, future resources of hematite are expected to be both of lower head grade and will contain a higher content of banded iron formation (BIF) (1). These ores may require finer crushing in order to liberate the high-grade fractions and will thus increase the amount of -1mm material to be processed. In order to efficiently upgrade these materials, it becomes necessary to re-examine both traditional and novel processes to treat material finer than 1mm in size. These include spiral and up-current classifiers, wet high intensity magnetic separation processes, Reflux classification and potentially includes dense medium separation (DMS). This study presents a technical evaluation of fines DMS using a mineralogically-based particle tracking analysis method (PTA) to calculate efficiencies of separation."

Jan 1, 2018

By E. Emelyanenko, P. Solozhenkin, J. Yagudina, O. Ibragimova

To recover tetrahedrite-tennantite series minerals from porphyry copper-pyrite ores by the froth flotation method, further research on thiol collectors is launched to promote the utilization efficiency of copper ores. In the present paper the adsorption mechanism of the collectors on tennantite surface has been investigated by computational modeling and FTIR-spectroscopic analysis, which have revealed that the decrease in prognosis of collector activity evaluation (PCAE) for tennantite is in the following order: BX (-0.34318), AEROPHINE 3418A (- 0.61756), AERO 5100 (-14.18857). The lower PCAE the stronger the ability of the collector to interact with the mineral surface of tennantite and form the stable complex. More kinetic reliable conditions to form suitable adsorption layer and rupture of the liquid interlayer with AERO 5100 have been observed by FTIR spectra due to decrease of the intensity and stretching and bending vibrations of water (less than 20 and 65%, respectively). In order to verify the feasibility of AERO 5100 as a collector the industrial flotation tests have been conducted. Flotation performance has improved significantly with the stadially grinding and preflotation of tennantite in intercycle copper flotation that allows to avoid desliming of the fragile mineral and minimize loss of Cu and As in tailings. The recovery of copper in copper concentrate increases by 3.9% with the grade maintained.

Jan 1, 2018

By J. E. Gebhardt

Progress is reported on capturing the effects of gangue chemistry in the context of a comprehensive stockpile heap leach model for leaching copper sulfide ores, employing leading edge computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology. The stockpile is a complex multi-phase process, comprising of a solid porous media, with complex fluid flow, gas and liquid phases, competing solid-liquid reactions, dissolution of minerals and transport through the heap. The model accounts for many of the challenging physical and chemical features of the heap, including transport and reactions kinetics for the important copper and iron sulfide minerals, ferrous oxidation, bacterial effects, thermal energy, acid and sulfate balances. In this contribution, the model has been extended to incorporate dissolution of various species from gangue reactions and precipitation of hydronium and potassium jarosite, ferric hydroxide, alunite, and gypsum. The effect of aeration on the simulation of a copper sulfide heap leach is provided as an example.

Sep 1, 2012

By Graeme Heyes, Warren J. Bruckard, Michael A. Somerville

"A limited series of laboratory batch flotation tests was conducted on a suite of calcium-ferrite-based slags made in laboratory smelting trials. The smelting tests were conducted as part of a wider CSIRO Minerals’ research project aimed at developing a single-stage continuous copper-making process. The objective of the flotation work was to maximise copper recovery and iron rejection from slags made in the process.The slags treated included a reduced low copper slag, an oxidised high copper slag composite, and a very reduced low copper self-pulverising slag. The copper content of the slags varied from 2.9% to 14% Cu. The copper was present as metallic copper, oxide copper and copper-calcium ferrite phases with the phase mix related to smelting conditions. The slags were crushed, ground, wet-screened at 355 or 210 µm to remove coarse metallic particles of copper, and floated at natural pH (about pH 11) using reagents and conditions appropriate for the selective recovery of the copper phases.In rougher/scavenger tests on the reduced low copper and self-pulverising slags copper recoveries above 92% were obtained with copper enrichment ratios varying between 2.3 and 2.9. For the oxidised high copper slag copper recoveries were poorer - only 47% of the copper was recovered with an enrichment ratio of 3.3. The presence of the slow floating copper-ferrite phases in the slags limited further (selective) copper recovery. Ageing of the high copper slag, that is, a significant delay between grinding and flotation, resulted in a deterioration of the copper flotation response.The critical parameter affecting the flotation of copper from direct converting slags was found to be the form of the copper in the slag. Slags containing a higher proportion of the more desirable form of copper for flotation will provide the best opportunity for high copper recoveries to be consistently obtained, allowing improvements in the economics of the overall copper-making process."

Jan 1, 2003

"This research aims at improving the beneficiation of coals and minerals in fine and ultrafine size fractions. A widely used method for upgrading fine and ultrafine particles is froth flotation, which is generally classified into mechanical flotation and column flotation. The present work is focussed on column flotation. A flotation column equipped with a conventional bubble diffuser/sparger was used with oscillatory air supply generated using a fast-switching solenoid valve. The flotation tests were carried out for coal particles and mineral particles, respectively, and a comparison in flotation performance was made between oscillatory air supply and steady air supply. It was found that use of oscillatory air supply with a proper valve switching frequency and on/off time ratio to replace steady air supply could lead to increased recovery of coals or minerals by more than 14 percentage points and substantial reagent cost savings. The improved flotation performance was attributed to enhanced gas dispersion and flow conditions. This research offers a simple new approach to improving the beneficiation of fine coals and minerals with using flotation columns.INTRODUCTIONFroth flotation has been widely used for the separation and concentration of fine coals and minerals by exploiting the difference in their affinity to air bubbles in aqueous medium. Froth flotation is an effective method for beneficiation of coal and mineral particles in a certain size range. It remains difficult to upgrade ultrafine mineral particles. One of the reasons for the ineffective flotation of fine particles is the low probability of bubble-particle collision in the collection zone (i.e., the pulp zone). According to Reay and Ratcliff (1973) and Yoon and Luttrell (1989), the probability of collision is significantly affected by bubble size and particle size, and the collection zone recovery can be increased by decreasing the bubble size."

Jan 1, 2018

By Shuji Owada, Shinya Suzuki, Chiharu Tokoro, Daisuke Haraguchi, Sayaka Izawa

"Coprecipitation with ferrihydrite has been one of the major treatment method for As(V) removal from wastewater such as acid mine drainage. We already confirmed coprecipitation of As(V) with ferrihydrite consists of two kinds of mechanism; one is two dimensional As(V) uptake to the surface of ferrihydrite by surface complexation and another is three dimensional As(V) uptake into ferrihydrite by surface precipitation. We also already confirmed As(V) adsorption process by ferrihydrite could be quantitatively evaluated by original surface complexation model with parameter values reported by Dzombak and Morel. However, As(V) coprecipitation process couldn’t quantitatively be represented by only the original model. In this study, construction and calculation using surface precipitation model were attempted for As(V) coprecipitation treatment with ferrihydrite. In the surface precipitation model, precipitation was described by the formation of solid compound between ferrihydrite and ferric arsenate. Activity of these precipitates was determined by surface precipitation ratio of FeAsO4(s) obtained experimentally from XANES analyses. Solubility products of surface precipitation of FeAsO4(s) (Ksp_FeAsO4(suf.)) were determined by fitting to sorption densities and surface precipitation ratio in each condition. The values of Ksp_FeAsO4(suf.) were determined 10-7.7 at pH5 and 10-10.2 at pH7, respectively. Based on the obtained Ksp_FeAsO4(suf.) value, As(V) removal and isotherm were calculated for As(V) co-precipitation treatment using surface precipitation model. Good agreement between experimental and calculated values was observed. These results were suggested that the quantitative prediction of As(V) co-precipitation treatment was possible if Ksp_FeAsO4(suf.) value was estimated experimentally."

Jan 1, 2014

By Güven Önal, Zeki Dogan, Neset Acarkan

In this study, it was aimed to produce glass sand with less than 0.15% Fe2O3 for window glass manufacture and glass ware grade with less than 0.05% Fe2O3 from Yalõköy sand dunes having 0.48% Fe2O3. In order to reduce the iron content of the Yalõköy sand dune, magnetic separation, flotation, scrubbing, H2SO4 leaching and drying were used. The optimum iron removal was achieved by H2SO4 baking at 150oC and 8 kg/t acid consumption. In this way, sand concentrate was obtained with 0.04% Fe2O3 and sand recovery 95%.

Jan 1, 2003

By Shounak Banerjee, Suresh Babu Dasari, Dharmendr Kumar, Shashank Pardhikar, Beena Rai, Venugopal Tammishetti

Recent increase in steel demand has led to the increased usage of high grade iron ores. During the mining, crushing and washing of ore, huge quantities of fines and slimes (<150 µm) are generated, majority of which is dumped into tailing ponds owing to their high alumina contents (~10-15%). Due to rapid depletion of high grade iron ore, it is the need of the hour to utilize low grade iron ore fines and slimes. These fines and slimes contain high iron values assaying 45-60% Fe. Dumping these valuable resources in ponds locks enormous land space and causes environmental hazards. The constituent minerals present in Indian iron ores comprise of hematite, goethite, gibbsite, kaolinite and quartz. Our research is focused on beneficiation of iron ore slimes through selective flocculation. We use density functional theory simulations to screen the reagents and perform experiments with screened reagents to determine the experimental conditions for effective performance of the reagents. Our studies revealed that reagents like starch, guar gum and carboxymethyl cellulose exhibit excellent selectivity in high alkaline pH range. However, the higher cost of alkali makes the process economically less attractive. In the present study, a commercial reagent from NALCO Water (Hi-Tex 83570) has been explored as selective flocculant for beneficiation of iron ore slimes in wide pH range (4-11). However, the reagent was also found to be the most selective in alkaline pH range only. Full factorial design of experiments was done considering three parameters namely, pulp density, flocculant dosage and settling time. Regression models were developed for yield, iron grade, alumina grade and iron recovery in the concentrate, using experimental results. Further parameter optimization was done to achieve high Fe recoveries and low alumina recoveries. The optimal parameters thus arrived at were validated with the experiments. We were able to achieve a concentrate grade of 60.0% Fe and 5.1% Al2O3 with 68.8% Fe recovery from a feed containing of 53.1% Fe and 8.9% Al2O3. The performance of flocculant Hi-Tex 83570 was also compared with reagents starch and guar gum.

Jan 1, 2018

By Reinol Compañero, Ivy Gonzales, Herman Mendoza, Brian Buenaventura

"The extraction of gold in the Philippines has been a significant challenge for the past decades. Around 70-75% of gold mined in the country can be accounted from the small-scale mining industry which primarily use the traditional cyanidation and amalgamation; processes which have been advocated due to its adverse affects to health and environment. To address this challenge, an alternative clean and sustainable technology was developed for the small-scale miners to recover gold and other metal/mineral values efficiently from Philippine ores. An initial survey was conducted and followed through with extensive mineralogical investigations ascertain the best method applicable. It was determined that Philippine gold occur in ore as (1) very fine particles in the microns range, (2) free-milling, which is in abundance, and (3) locked particles with sulfides --- it was concluded that enhanced gravity concentration and flotation are viable alternatives. A comprehensive test regime was followed to check the response of the ores obtained from different small-scale mining districts across the country. It was shown conclusively that the gold ores respond positively, with recoveries using gravity concentration and flotation of at least 95% and 88%, respectively; exceeding the nominal recoveries using cyanidation or amalgamation. A specific process flow was designed for each type of ore with customized parameters. It was determined that while capital expenditure of implementing these alternative processes is higher than what is currently being used, the operational aspects show that it is much more economical to apply enhanced gravity and flotation. It should be noted that the process developed addresses the critical issue of environmental costs which should be more than enough to justify the shift from the current to the novel and sustainable technologies."

Jan 1, 2014

By P. Knüpfer, B. Babel, M. Rudolph, F. Perez Maldonado, U. A. Peuker, L. Ditscherlein

"In heterocoagulation processes for the separation of mineral particles, the most famous being froth flotation, the main characteristic of separation is a differing wettability of the constituents to be separated. This most crucial property in the economically important process of flotation is often only and incompletely, quantitatively described in terms of contact angles against water. A water contact angle larger than 90° is referred to as hydrophobic and hydrophilic vice versa. Looking at Young’s equation shows that it is actually the surface energy of the solid in interaction with the surrounding phases and their surface energies (or surface tensions for liquids) which describes whether there will be hydrophobic/hydrophilic hydration interactions leading to attraction or repulsion. This, we have previously published for various more or less hydrophobic minerals in correlation to their flotation response, i.e. flotability (c.f. Rudolph & Hartmann, Coll.Surf.A 513, 380-388). In the same paper we also discussed the heterogeneity of wettabilities as assessed with the novel method of inverse gas chromatography. Furthermore we have also reported on hydrophobic force distributions as assessed with atomic force microscopy which are as well due to wettability heterogeneities (c.f. Fritzsche et al., Coll.Surf.A 459, 166-171).In this paper we present wettability distributions of different substrates and particles with various surface roughnesses/shapes and degrees of hydrophobization as assessed with iGC, AFM and dynamic sessile drop analyses. We are putting the results in context in unifying models and present methodologies helpful to make use of the fundamental information and their impact on the actual industrial separation process in fundamental process models. Besides froth flotation we also emphasize the impact on selective hydrophobic flocculation process."

Jan 1, 2018

By M. Ito

Cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust and nodule ores from seamount areas contain volcanic and sedimentary rocks as substrate or nuclei and these ores require mineral processing to remove the substrate/nuclei rock before smelting. This paper reviews the results of jig separation and air table treatment for the coarse fraction and flotation and hybrid jigging for the fine fraction. Using these techniques substrate/nuclei rock was removed from the cobalt-rich ferromanganese oxide components. The mineralogical properties and metallurgical treatment methods including hydrometallurgical treatment of low grade ore is also reviewed.

Sep 1, 2012

By S. F. Kaplan, A. S. Dolotov, V. N. Kovalev

"At this point in time, autoclave recovery (POX) followed by sorption cyanidation (CIL) is one of the most promising technologies for the efficient processing of refractory and double refractory gold-bearing sulphide rock. This hydrometallurgical technology requires the use of a large amount of water (up to 5 tons per ton of used concentrate), resulting in highly saline water with high pH (pH 9-11), high content of cyanides (up to 300 mg/l), arsenic compounds, antimony and a number of heavy metals. In order to determine the possibility of using recycling industrial water in POX-CIL technology, several batches of experiments were conducted (using the double refractory flotation concentrate of the Mayskoye deposit). Urban water with a chloride ion content of 10 mg/l was used during the reference POX-CIL experiment as the liquid phase of the ??? feed pulp. At that, gold extraction rate amounted to 89.4 %. A full cycle of POX(200 ºC)-CIL was carried out during the first part of the experiments; at that, fresh concentrate of the untreated recycling water with cyanide ion content of 95.4 mg/l, left after the completion of the previous CIL cycle, was used for repulping. It has been established that direct use of untreated recycling industrial water is impossible due to a sharp decline in gold extraction (preg-robbing) down to 79.5%. The presence of chloride ions, cyanide ions and other ligands in the liquid phase provides effective complexion formation for the recovery gold; complex gold compounds are quickly and firmly sorbed by the natural carbonaceous substances of the concentrate at the stage of autoclave recovery; they are virtually not cyanized onwards, and gold is carried over to the tailings. During the the second batch of experiments, recycling industrial water with cyanide and chloride ions' concentration of 500 mg/l each was subjected to the reverse osmosis desalination (up to 6 times in a successive order). After each desalting cycle, such water was used as the liquid phase of the feed pulp in POX-CIL. 6 cycles of RO desalination enabled the extraction of 86.1% Au (which is close to reference recovery). During the third batch of experiments, recycling industrial water was diluted with distilled water (2, 4, 16, 32, 64 times); after each dilution cycle, this water was used as the liquid phase of the POX-CIL feed pulp. Gold extraction after 64-fold dilution amounted to 82.6%. The results of the conducted researches show that the use of untreated recycling industrial water in POX-CIL hydrometallurgical technology is absolutely impossible due to a sharp decline in gold extraction. Even the 64-fold dilution with pure water is inefficient both from the perspective of gold extraction and of rational use of water. Reverse osmosis desalination solves the problem of water treatment except for the removal of cyanide ion, which requires separate reagent treatment of water."

Jan 1, 2018

By S. Liu

With the development of global economy, the demand of mineral?s quantity and quality are in-creased, valuable minerals are more and more finer and poorer, and the capacity of concentration plant are more and more high. Using large-scale flotation cells can obviously enhance the capacity of treating the mineral, reduce the cost, and increase the economic benefit and competitive ability for the enterprise. BGRIMM advanced advisable technical scheme with optimally parameter and route for the feature of dynamic in large scale flotation machine, and developed the KYF Large Scale Flotation Cells, which have used more than 400. The paper advanced the history, the design principle, the operating principle, the structure feature and the application of KYF flotation ma-chine.

Jan 1, 2014

By Dave Deglon

The Western Cape Mineral Processing Facility (WCMPF) is a collaborative educational initiative between the Departments of Chemical Engineering of the University of Cape Town, the University of Stellenbosch and the Cape Technikon. The WCMPF was established in 1989 with the aim of improving mineral processing education in the Western Cape. Since its inception the WCMPF has had a number of successes in this area, especially in improving the quality of mineral processing practical training. In addition, the WCMPF has played an important role in promoting liaison and interaction between tertiary educational institutions teaching mineral processing in the Western Cape. Over the past decade the WCMPF has played a key role in the education of over five hundred mineral processing graduates and diplomates. This paper presents an overview of the activities of the WCMPF and attempts to encapsulate the ‘lessons learned’ from over a decade of successful functioning as a collaborative educational initiative in mineral processing.

Jan 1, 2003