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ADVANCES IN EXTRACTION METALLURGY AND REFINING A symposium organised by the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy will be held in London from 4th to 6th October, 1971. Particulars can be obtained from: The Secretary, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, 44 Portland Place, London WIN 4BR, ENGLAND. ICAMC -71 - HUNGARY The Third International Conference on Automatic Control of Mines and Collieries will be held at Balantsfured, Hungary from 27th to 30th September, 1971. Further particulars can be obtained from: ICAMC - 71, Budapest 3, P.O. Box 115, HUNGARY. AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY Illawarra Branch A symposium on "Blast Furnace Injection" is to be held at Wollongong University College from 15th to 17th February, 1972. About 20 papers on various aspects of blast furnace injection will be presented, including two on nonferrous furnaces. Further particulars may be obtained from: N. Standish, Chairman, Symposium Committee, Wollongong University, Australia 2600.

Fig. 4 and 5 of the paper 'The analysis of ventilation and cooling requirements for mines' by J. van der WaIt, E. M. de Kock, and L. K. Smith are positioned incorrectly in the February issue (J.B. Afr. Inst. Min. Metal., vol. 83, no. 2, Feb. 1983). Extractive metallurgy of zinc At a professional development seminar to be held in Montreal (Canada) from 18th to 22nd April, 1983, specialists from industry and university will discuss the extractive metallurgy of zinc from ore to finished metal with special emphasis on the theory and practice of modern technology.

Jan 1, 1983

By H. E. James

The 13th Congress of the Council of Mining and Metallurgical Institutions (CMMI) was held in Singapore from 11th to 16th May, 1986. Tours to Australia, Malaysia, Thailand, South Korea, and Japan took place the week before and the week after the Congress. Registrations By far the largest contingents at the Congress were from Australia (157 delegates and 65 affiliates) and South Africa (127 delegates and 99 affiliates). The other 25 countries represented at the Congress accounted for 118 delegates and 37 affiliates. Thus the total registrations amounted to 402 delegates and 201 affiliates.

Jan 1, 1986

By W. K. Brinsden

The Australian Institute of Geoscientists (AIG) held their fifth successive annual seminar at Observation City, Scarborough, in Perth on 15th November, 1990. The title of the seminar was 'Strategies for Grade Control'. The Seminar attracted 158 delegates, including 10 speakers. In addition to geoscientists, the attendees included mining engineers, metallurgists, and mining analysts. The welcoming address was given by Rob Duncan, Chairman of the Westem Australian Branch of AIG, who said there is a strong demand for this type of seminar in Western Australia (WA). It helps geoscientists to keep up with former colleagues and to keep abreast of technical developments.

Jan 1, 1991

By V. M. Lovell, N. P. Finkelstein

Fundamental studies of the flotation process: The work of the National I nstitute of Metallurgy N. P. Flnkelsteln and V. M. Love Presented at the Colloquim on Flotation, March 1972, and published in the Journal, July, 1972. AUTHORS' REPLY TO DISCUSSION In his contribution to our paper Dr Lloyd makes two criticisms: The first criticism, as we interpret it, is that the agglomerate flotation process that we described is not really necessary because previously described processes effect almost the same results or could be made to give the same results by including sufficient paraffin in the reagent combination.

By J. A. Tyser

The pumping of water from mines in the Central Witwatersrand by J. A. TYSER, Pr. Eng., B.Sc. (Min.) (Associate) This paper describes a system for the removal of underground water in the mines of the Central Witwatersrand, some of which are defunct. The water is pumped by a pump station on 24 level at E.R.P.M. to a surface lime plant and then to a surface treatment plant, where it is treated so that it meets the specification of the Department of Water Affairs relating to the deposition of water in public streams.

Jan 5, 1977

By T. A. Claasen

Exceptionally low yields in the coking-coal fields of the Soutpansberg area in the northern Transvaal, are taxing the skill and ingenuity of preparation engineers. The coals are highly intergrown, and a series of crushing and washing steps may be required to extract the maximum usable tonnage. In addition, novel preparation techniques may have to be employed. This paper, which is a case study of work recently undertaken, gives a general account of raw coal properties, emphasizing those related to maximum recoveries, and outlines the steps involved in the design of appropriate flow sheets based on laboratory studies.

Jan 1, 1980

Rock fall accidents continue to be the main causes of fatalities in the mining industry. The occurrence of rock falls in supported stopes implies a failure of the support system. The failure of the support system in turn implies a failure in design. In this paper, ethical issues associated with engineering design are discussed, with particular relevance to stope support design. A risk approach is introduced that will allow designs to be carried out that are compatible with the acceptable risk defined by the mining company management. The implementation of this approach would overcome the ethical shortcomings of current support design practices.

Jan 1, 2007

By D. Royston

Mill liners provide the wear-resistant surface within grinding mills, they also impart motion to the mill charge, ie the grinding process, by providing the key between the charge and mill shell, and, at the discharge end, they remove the ground contents of the mill. As semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mills have grown in size the process aspects of liner design and their impact on mill performance have become particularly important. While feedback from practical experience is critical to good mill liner design, increasingly sophisticated computer-based tools are being developed to assist in mill liner design.

Jan 1, 2007

By B. Sergeant

Any study of the contentious subject of nationalization can ultimately be reduced to a sombre analysis of the simultaneous, and very different, interests of capital, labour, and government. Each of these interests attempts to maximize its objectives, subject to checks and balances provided, in an ideal system, by a country's executive government, legislature, and judiciary. Where even one of the three interests goes out of control, the consequences can be disastrous. The case histories show that when this occurs, the most common culprit is government, or its proxy, such as a dictator. At the other extreme, the case studies indicate that the optimum outcome occurs when capital, labour, and government are 'ring fenced' from each other: each enjoys its rights, but is also subject to duties. 'Conflicts of interest' between the three entities are ideally avoided to the maximum possible extent. The case studies include several salient instances from both the DRC (Gécamines, La Générale des Carrières et des Mines) and Zambia, along with Ghana and Chile. Further instances are examined in South Africa (gold), India (Coal of India), Brazil (Petrobras), Venezuela (Petróleos de Venezuela), Sweden (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag), Mauritania (Société Nationale Industrielle et Minière), Norway (Norsk Hydro), Botswana (Debswana), and Namibia (Namdeb). The article concludes broadly that South Africa's minerals sector is not ready for nationalization.

Jan 1, 2013

William Schreiner Findlay (1908 to 1980) had a distinguished career in the mining industry, to which a mere account of his appointments does not do full justice. However, they give some idea of his ability as an engineer and a manager.

Jan 1, 1981

The January General Meeting was held at The Moth Hall, Witbank, on Thursday, 30th January, 1969. Mr C. G. Sowry (Chairman of the Witbank/Middelburg Branch) was in the chair. There were also present: Fourteen Members: Messrs A. Bain, A. W. L. Brereton, J. Meintjes, G. Langton, A. C. Hofmyer, J. H. Moore, T. S. Wilmot, B. F. van der Merwe, H. A. Williams, O. T. Wright, J. E. van Aswegen, P. J. Beukes, I. Botha. Six Associate Members: Messrs B. T. Hosking, R. E. Powell, J. B. Cornish, R. Ladner, W. Weber, P. J. Muller. Two Affiliates: Messrs P. B. Cass, W. K. C. Bremer. Nine Visitors. Apologies were received from Messrs G. R. Canny, E. J. Jackson. MINUTES OF THE PREVIOUS GENERAL MEETING It was proposed and accepted that these be taken as read. Proposer, J. Meintjies; seconded, A. W. L. Brereton. 75TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATIONS OF THE S.A.I.M.M. The Chairman reminded members of the functions arranged to mark this occasion. It was also mentioned that members desirous of forming parties to travel to Johannesburg should either make arrangements amongst themselves or inform the Secretary who would assist in arrangements. PAPER FOR PRESENTATION The Chairman then called upon Mr S. Selmer-Olsen to present his paper, 'Lectures on electro-smelting of ferro-alloys'. After Mr S. Selmer-Olsen had presented his paper, he answered questions arising from contributions from the floor. The Chairman then thanked Mr S. Selmer-Olsen for presenting his paper. CONTRIBUTIONS TO PREVIOUS PAPERS Contributions to the paper 'Photo-electric readings. Their significance for dust control on collieries,' presented by Messrs G. H. J. Kitson (Member) and Y. J. F. Haven (Visitor), were read by Messrs A. Bain and A. W. L. Brereton.

The January General Meeting of the Institute was held in Kelvin House, Johannesburg, on 15th January, 1969 at 4.30 p.m. Mr R. C. J. Goode (President) was in the Chair. There were also present eighteen Members, including Messrs F. P. Bath, H. Britten, J. K. E. Douglas, P. Lambooy, V. C. Robinson, W. T. Stobart and P. W. J. van Rensburg (Council Members), Messrs J. C. Hall, P. C. Pirow, Dr D. I. Legge, Messrs E. R. Rudolph, H. R. Reid, Dr N. Stutterheim, Messrs B. F. van der Merwe, L. W. P. van den Bosch, D. T. Watt, M. Youngworth and T. Zadkin. Two Associate Members, Dr P. R. Jochens and Mr D. A. Viljoen. Two Students, Messrs R. P. W. Henrard and D. Ossin. Sixteen Visitors, including Messrs I. Barnes, B. F. Bath, S. Botha, P. A. du Plessis, K. Edwards, Dr F. S. Fulton, Messrs H. Grant, B. Havenga, L. Kok, Dr D. Lasar, R. Sandler, C. W. Wolhuter and J. D. Young. Secretary, Mr D. C. Visser. Total present: Forty. MINUTES The President: "May we confirm the minutes of the meeting held on the 20th November, 1968, as published in the December, 1968, issue of the Journal?" Agreed. MEMBERSHIP The President: "I have much pleasure in announcing that the names of the under-mentioned candidates, having been published in accordance with By-Law 5.2.2, Council has elected them to membership of the Institute in the following grades: Members: Basil James Jackson and James Petrie Archibald. Associate Members: Ronald Creasy, Hugh Angus McCallum and John Barton Cunliff. Graduate: Hermanus Isak Johannes van der Merwe. Affiliate: Edgar Ramsay. Student: Petrus Daniel Wolmarans. MEMBERS TRANSFERRED TO A HIGHER GRADE From Affiliate to Associate Member: Neil Bradfield and Mervyn Bayard Allman. "I welcome the newly elected members to the Institute and congratulate those members who have been transferred to a higher grade." (Applause). GENERAL BUSINESS The President: "Are there any matters to raise under this heading? If not, we will proceed to the next item on the agenda which is the presentation of today's paper."

By deur R. Dippenaar

'n Kort kursus oar die teorie en praktyk van hittebehandeling is vanaf 29 Junie 1981 tot 3 Julie 1981 in die departement Materiaalkunde en Metallurgiese Ingenieurswese aan die Universiteit van Pretoria aangebied. Die kursus is dour dosente van die departement opgestel en in samewerking met 'n aantal gassprekers aDder beskerming van die Suid-Afrikaanse Instituut vir Mynbou en Metallurgie aangebied. Tunnelling The Third International Symposium on Tunnelling is to be held in Brighton from 7th to 11th June, 1982. Professional development seminars The Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering of McGill University is to hold the following seminars during 1981-1982.

Jan 1, 1981

By L. A. Vermeulen, C. P. Campbell, D. D. Howat

The production 01material liner than 75 µm in a number of open-circuit mills was investigated. The mils ranged from laboratory rod and ball mils treating a variety 01 ores to large industrial rod mils treating gold and copper ores. It was shown that the dependence on feed rate 01 the production 01 material liner than 751J.1T1 can be accurately described by a simple formula that was derived in previous work. In some 01 the systems reviewed, it proved possible to assess the feed rate 01 ore to the mil at which the rate 01 production 01 material finer than 75 µm can be maximized.

Jan 1, 1991

By J. T. Nel

The Kroll process is the traditional method of producing zirconium metal by reduction of zirconium tetrachloride with magnesium metal. This paper discusses the production of zirconium metal in a plasma reactor. Anhydrous low-hafnium ZrCl4 and Mg metal were fed continuously to a 30 kW non-transfer plasma reactor at a rate of 0.31 kg.h-1. Due to losses in the system the recovery of crude product was 77.5 %. After purification to remove unreacted feed material and MgCl2 by leaching, >98 % pure zirconium metal powder was obtained. The overall recovery of purified Zr was 74 %. The conversion efficiency of the process was 95 %.

Jan 1, 2012

By P. A. P. Fouché

Processing confidence for a bankable feasibility study on a green field heavy mineral deposit is inmost cases achieved only through bulk sample processing. Bulk sample is classified as a large enough concentrate sample that is processed into final products to satisfy market sample demand as well as further processing demands such as smelting. In this case study the demand was to produce 500 tons of heavy mineral concentrate from more than 5 000 tons run-of-mine on are mote location with limited to no infrastructure. The various challenges faced and lessons learned are documented as an outcome of the success of this mission.

Jan 1, 2007

By V. C. Robinson

INTRODUCTION Most presidential addresses are in the nature of a review of some specific topic and this will be no different. In thinking about the subjects which might be suitable for this address I decided that as next month will see my retirement from the gold mining industry I might review the four decades since I started in the industry in 1929. These four decades have been more than usually in',~resting and exciting. They have covered a period when the price of gold increased from the old figure of 84/- an ounce to the price of $35 an ounce today, taking in on the way at least two periods of premium sales from which the producer benefitted. The industry in these four decades has survived the most totally destructive war in history and has seen fundamental changes in the political, economic and governmental life of South Africa. There have been great technological changes and improvements, some of which I shall refer to later, and in addition there have been profound changes in the relations between employer and employee in the industry which have affected not only the economy of the industry but the traditional thinking of both management and labour. I believe that the address presented to this Institute on the occasion of its 75th Anniversary by Mr Goode covered more than adequately the history of the Institute and the part it has played in the mining industry of South Africa. It would be merely repetitive, therefore, to discuss the affairs of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Having said this, however, it is also necessary to point out that the history of the Institute is, and always will be, an important record of the history of mining in South Africa. There are many facets, however, on which we ought to look back and to re-examine. One of the most rewarding, but at the same time one of the dullest, places to look for historical facts is in the annual reports of the Chamber of Mines. I suppose that some of the dullest of these have been the reports for which paragraphs have been prepared by me personally. The notes which follow do not claim to be anything like a full record of this exciting period. RISE AND FALL OF THE GOLD MINING INDUSTRY In talking about the mining industry of South Africa it is inevitable that one talks, particularly in the historical sense, about the gold mining industry - an industry of fundamental importance which has made South Africa what it is and which has been dying since the early part of this century. In Table I is shown the progress of the gold mining industry measured by its output of ounces of fine gold from the beginning of operations until the end of 1969, and if you are interested in the productivity of the men who work this industry the table, composed entirely from figures set out in the Chamber's annual reports, also shows the production of gold expressed as fine ounces per European and fine ounces per Bantu worker over a long period. If you are still minded to think of this industry as dying then the last column in the table shows how uranium has played such a vital part in the prosperity of the country.

A 36-year-old A-S-H pump, manufactured to designs dating back to 1936, was recently presented to the Gold Mine Museum by Envirotech. The pump, a B-frame three-piece rubber-lined Hydroseal unit, was supplied by Envirotech's predecessor company, Denver Machinery, and was installed by South Roodepoort Main Reef Areas Limited on 22nd March, 1948. Metals, materials, manufacturing The 37th Annual Conference of the Australasian Institute of Metals will be held in Ballarat (Australia) from 13th to 17th May, 1985. 1985is the Sesquicentennial year of Victoria, and for the first time the historic City of Ballarat has been chosen as the venue for an Australasian Institute of Metals congress. Steel rolling Conferences on steel rolling, sponsored by The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (ISH), and supported by iron and steel institutes in many countries of the world, have been held since 1980. The first conference was held in Tokyo in 1980, sponsored by The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan.

Jan 1, 1984

Scientific and technical research is becoming an expensive business, and needs to be managed as well as directed. Regardless of whether it operates under public or private auspices, a research-and development organization should not tolerate inefficiency or irrelevance. Its true worth is ultimately decided by the impact it makes on its environment. Doing the right things is preferable to merely doing things in the right way. Clear definition and the setting of goals form the crux of the Management by Objectives (MBO) system. This system provides the research establishment with a profound sense of purpose and direction, which is essential for effective planning and control. Performance standards, in association with costs and manpower, value assessment, feedback, and improvement, tend to follow naturally once the principle of a results-oriented management system is adopted. MBO is a participative management system, leading to decentralization and self-control of the individual rather than imposed control. If wisely implemented with the necessary respect for creative work, it can enhance the job satisfaction of the research worker as well as the overall productivity ofthe research establishment.

Jan 1, 1982