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By J. E. Korski

Quebec Cartier Mining Co. operates a low-grade iron ore deposit at Lac Jeannine, Que., which is located at the extreme southwestern end of the Quebec-Labrador Trough (Fig. 1). The facilities there include one of the world's largest concentrators, a hydroelectric plant of 60,000 hp, and the modern town of Gagnon. A 191-mile railway connects the mine to the seaport situated at Port Cartier on the St. Lawrence River. The harbor in Port Cartier can accommodate both lake and large ocean- going vessels and is also the site of a major grain terminal. The concentrator in Lac Jeannine is designed to produce some 8 million tpy (tons per year) of specular hematite concentrate, containing 66% Fe, from approximately 20 million tons of crude ore. An annual stripping program of 5 to 8 million cu yd of waste rock uncovers the required ore. Approximately 100,000 tons of ore and waste are removed daily on a year-round, 24-hr-per-day basis. The open pit covers an area with maximum dimensions of 8,000 x 2,600 ft (Fig. 2). Present mining plans call for an ultimate depth of approximately 1,000 ft below original ground level. The rocks in the pit area are typical of this portion of the Grenville geological province. They consist largely of marble, quartz rock, pegmatite, iron formation, and stratigraphically older gneisses. The iron-ore formation consists of medium to coarse-grained specular hematite in a quartz host rock. The formation occurs locally in a plunging, anticlinal form. The topography in the vicinity of the mine is rolling, with maximum variations in elevation of about 400 ft. The hills are thickly wooded with birch, black spruce, and some tamarack. Lakes and muskeg areas are plentiful. Precipitation and temperature records have been kept since 1959. The annual rainfall has ranged between a low of 23 in. and a high of 42 in.

Jan 1, 1969

By R. Raby

During the 1980 decade, the rapid price increase for flake graphite has generated a high degree of interest for the discovery and the development of alternate occidental sources of supply in response to fluctuations in quality and availability from current producers. Alike many industrial minerals, graphite draws its complexity not only from its mineralogy and unique properties but also from the very large spectrum of industrial applications each calling for specific quality criterion. As new high technology uses are being developed, more rigid specifications will apply. Discovered during the latter part of 1988 by Mazarin inc., some 30 Km South of Fermont near the Quebec-Labrador border, the Lac Knife deposit was quickly identified as one of the world major long term alternate source of stable supply for this mineral. This paper also reviews the status of the project development as of late 1991, while updating previous papers published by Industrial Minerals1990 and Mining Magazine 1990.

Jan 1, 1992

By C. Patel, George H. Hope

"INTRODUCTIONThe Hemlo area is located in Northern Ontario, some 350 km east of Thunder Bay along highway 17. Hemlo is Canada's largest, recent discovery of gold ore. Three companies, Lac, Noranda, and Teck are currently developing mines and processing facilities in the area. A combined milling capacity of approximately 10,000 tonnes per day will ultimately be available in the area. The gold yield will be between 750,000 to 1,000,000 ozs. per year. This will slightly more than double Ontario's gold production but only represents 2.5% of the total world gold production.Lac Minerals Ltd. is substantially committed to the gold mining business. Lac currently operates four (4) gold mines and mills and produces 300,000 ozs. per year. Lac's Hemlo development will put the company in the position of number one gold producer in Canada.The Lac Hemlo ore body has an estimated reserve of 37 million tonnes at 6.2 g/t. The mining will take place at an initial rate of 3,000 t/d commencing in the first quarter of 1986. The mine and plant will be expanded to 6,000 t/d in 1988. At this capacity, Lac will be the largest producer in the Hemlo area.1. GEOLOGYThe orebody is divided into two (2) zones for mining purposes. The 'A' Zone is to the east and dips to the Northeast from surface to 300 m below surface. This zone has a strike length of 250 m to 300 m at an average width of 20 m. The upperpart of the zone will be mined by open pit and the remainder from underground. The 'B' Zone, to the north west of the 'A' Zone, although lined up is not necessarily an extension of 'A' Zone. 'B' Zone has a known strike length of 600 m and is open to depth and along the strike. It is over 70 m wide in the core. This zone holds most of the property's known reserves. 'C' Zone with narrow gold zones is under exploration in the south west portion of the property."

Jan 1, 1985

By Frank Condon

?Location ?Background ?Drilling Program ?Mineral Resources ?Geology ?Economic Assessment ?Strategic Partner ?Located in Nunavik, Québec ?160 km northwest of Schefferville ?240 km south of Kuujjuaq ?160 km northeast of Brisay ?Magnetic Anomaly ?Property Boundary ?Diamond Drill Holes

May 1, 2011

By E. O. Dearden

In the ten years since its discovery the Lac Tio ilmenite-hematite deposit has become one of the world's largest sources of titanium ore. The deposit lies 25 miles north Havre St, Pierre, a fishing village on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River some 400 miles northeast of Quebec City. In 1941, J, A, Retty made a reconnaissance survey of the region for the Quebec Department of Mines. His results, published in 1942 and 1944, described a number of small ilmenite occurrences on the shores of four lakes within the area. Several of these were staked by Montreal and Toronto interests, Two of the claim groups were later optioned by Kennco Explorations, (Canada) Ltd, and a third by the New Jersey Zinc Company, During a detailed exploration program in 1946, Kennco geologists discovered eight ilmenite deposits, one of which was Lac Tio, the largest known body of ilmenite-hematite ore in the world. Quebec Iron and Titanium Corporation owned two-thirds by Kennecott and one-third by The New Jersey Zinc Company as organized in 1948 to equip and operate the new mining property. A railroad 27 miles in length was built (completed in 1950) to transport the ore to the St. Lawrence River at Havre St. Pierre, An electric furnace treatment plant, yielding a high purity iron and slag containing 70 m 75 percent Ti02, to process the ore was built at Sorel, Quebec, 550 miles up the river from Havre St. Pierre.

Jan 1, 1958

By Nathaniel Arbiter, Edward L. Vickers

Complete automation of concentrator operations through computer control has been under increasing consideration by American engineers for several years. Although justification for full-scale automation of a mill must ultimately be economic- added profits exceeding instrumentation and development costs-the technical feasibility of automation will be determined by the availability of requisite, detailed knowledge of the various unit operations in the plant. This poses problems. BASIC PROBLEMS WHICH MUST BE CONSIDERED A hypothetical porphyry copper mill will be used here to illustrate these problems. Its flowsheet will involve: mining, crushing, storage, grinding and classification, flotation, product de-watering, and disposal.

Jan 8, 1962

By E Coffison, M Gibbs, C Bennett

The sustainable management of surface water associated with coal mining and coal seam gas projects is a considerable factor affecting the global competitiveness of these resource companies operating in Australia. Management of surface water can be costly, but effective water management and hence environmental stewardship enhances corporate social responsibility and the social license to operate. The surface water issues for the two industries are comparable, yet there is currently a lack of alignment between how Queensland, where the majority of AustraliaÆs coal seam gas projects are located, manages and regulates water on coal mine projects and coal seam gas projects.This paper provides a high level comparison of Queensland legislation and highlights the lack of alignment of this legislation regarding surface water management in these two industries. Through a case study, it looks at the surface water management process at a coal mine site based on the current legislation and principals of surface water management. QueenslandÆs lack of alignment in legislation regarding surface water management in these industries is understandable given the different development paths and time scales of the two industries. The coal mining industry has developed over a long period of time and the legislation has progressed in parallel, whereas, the coal seam gas industry is relatively new in Australia and the legislation has had to advance quickly. The lack of alignment between management of surface water for the two industries creates confusion among stakeholders and this adds complexity and additional transaction costs during the exploration, permitting and operational phases of projects, including landowners who may be affected.CITATION:Bennett, C, Coffison, E and Gibbs, M, 2013. Lack of alignment between regulation of surface water management in coal mining and coal seam gas, in Proceedings Water in Mining 2013 , pp 157-162 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Nov 26, 2013

By Majid Sarkari, Hossein Atashi, Farhad Fazlollahi

"The aim of this research work was to prepare the efficient catalyst to purify pollutant output gases such as SO2 , NO2 and CO. This catalyst, lanthanum cobaltat (LaCo03) was prepared by the proper method in the analysis laboratory of Tabriz Oil .The first materials were chosen through calcination operation and temperatures of operation related to the Tamman temperature, therefore the basis for the first material of catalyst was nitrate and aqueous and since we had no availability to lanthanum nitrate, lanthanum oxide was used to prepare the nitrate one. Before all else, the first materials of catalyst were mixed together with the equal mole proportions and then, at the lower and upper temperatures of Tanunan temperature, calcination operation was carried out. To determine the molecular structure, the XRD analysis was utilized and specified that prepared lanthanum cobaltat was sixth aqueous and had the crystal structure type Triclinic.IntroductionLaCo03 has presented a vast interest because of its special electrical, magnetic and catalytic properties [1-4]. The catalyst LaCo03 can be prepared by means of several methods such as spray drying, freeze drying and also co-precipitation [5-12]. Some methods including hydrothermal, sol gel and citrate [13] This material usually has been synthesized by ceramic method and certainly the high temperature for the calcination operation. [14]. Lanthanum catalysts have been researched because of having such an active state [15]. One of the unique properties of this catalyst is the simultaneous conversion of pollutant elements. Nowadays CO oxidation has important applications in environment protection, such as indoor air cleaning and automotive exhaust treatment. LaCoO3 is one of the most important catalysts for CO oxidation."

Jan 1, 2013

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Jan 1, 1938

By George Koenig

I have been granted the outstanding privilege... and pleasure to introduce you this evening to the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg and to tell you in a few words how this country came into existence, how it managed to survive and what role it nowadays plays in the International Community. Luxembourg, situated between Belgium, Germany and Prance is a small, a very small country... just a dot on a map. After all, it is only a matter of 62 miles from top to bottom and 37 miles across at it's widest... barely covering some thousand square miles... so be careful about stepping on the accelerator... you might be in and out without having realized it... which would be a real shame as the Grand-Duchy enjoys a fairly unique geographical feature in so far as it provides the visitor with an outstanding variety of scenery concentrated in a minute spot.

Jan 1, 1987

By G. D. Tranter

THE importance of ladle and teeming practice and its relationship to the yield and quality of the product has focused considerable attention on this phase of open-hearth operation. Inherently bad steel cannot be perfected by manipulation during teeming, but through the proper handling of "off heats" serious losses, which in many cases arise, can be greatly minimized. Conversely, good steel can be ruined as a result of poor workmanship in the -pit, and rendered unsuitable for application to orders where exacting surface and physical requirements are essential. Sufficient evidence has been secured to warrant careful investigation of pit operations when an abnormal number of basic defects develop in the semifinished product or are found on the inspection table. This paper is written from the standpoint .of the problems involved in making satisfactory ingots for sheet rolling. Furthermore, since rimming steel is almost universally used for manufacture of sheet, the data presented herein refer particularly to that type of steel. Going back some 30 years in open-hearth .history, the word "pit" properly described the hole into which the ladle was lowered to receive the metal tapped from the furnace. The working space was necessarily limited, and the disposal of slag and metal overflowing the ladle or lost because of breakouts presented a serious problem. The equipment, of course, was rather crude in the light of present-day development. Often no ladle stands were provided, the ladle being hung on the crane beneath the runner. When delayed taps occurred, the ladle was often held in position for many hours, thus tying up pit operations and causing delays to adjacent furnaces. Because of crowded conditions, slag thimbles were not used and a network of cast-steel triangles and old tapping bars, placed before the heat was tapped, was the means for removing slag from the hole. Furnaces of different capacities were used

Jan 1, 1935

By G. D. Tranter

THE importance of ladle and teeming practice and its relationship to the yield and quality of the product has focused considerable attention on this phase of open-hearth operation. Inherently bad steel cannot be perfected by manipulation during teeming, but through the proper handling of "off heats" serious losses, which in many cases arise, can be greatly minimized. Conversely, good steel can be ruined as a result of poor workmanship in the pit, and rendered unsuitable for application to orders where exacting surface and physical requirements are essential. Sufficient evidence has been secured to warrant careful investigation of pit operations when an abnormal number of basic defects develop in the semifinished product or are found on the inspection table. This paper is written from the standpoint of the problems involved in making satisfactory ingots for sheet rolling. Furthermore, since rimming steel is almost universally used for manufacture of sheet, the data presented herein refer particularly to that type of steel. Going back some 30 years in open-hearth history, the word "pit" properly described the hole into which the ladle was lowered to receive the metal tapped from the furnace. The working space was necessarily limited, and the disposal of slag and metal overflowing the ladle or lost because of breakouts presented a serious problem. The equipment, of course, was rather crude in the light of present-day development. Often no ladle stands were provided, the ladle being hung on the crane beneath the runner. When delayed taps occurred, the ladle was often held in position for many hours, thus tying tip pit operations and causing delays to adjacent furnaces. Because of crowded conditions, slag thimbles were not used and a network of cast-steel triangles and old tapping bars, placed before the heat was tapped, was the means for removing slag from the hole. Furnaces of different capacities were used

Jan 1, 1935

By Jörg Thomasberger

Delivering liquid steel to a steel processing unit at right temperature is an important criterion for high production steel shops, but it is surprising how little attention has been paid in the past to manage this vital phase in the steelmaking process-the steel in transit. The ladle running costs, both directly and indirectly, contribute significantly to the cost of steelmaking and should be an area of concern to any high production steel plant. Here we are talking not only of refractory costs or preheating fuel costs, but also cost of extra heating in ladle furnace, additional process delays incurred in delivering steel at right temperature to downstream unit in case proper care is not exercised at upstream unit, and occasional costs of ladle breakout due to inability to judge the residual life of the ladle. This paper emphasizes the need of a comprehensive ladle management system, an aspect which has not been properly addressed in the operations of a steel plant, in improving the productivity of a steel melt shop. Starting with review of present status and the attempts at implementation of ladle tracking in steel melt shop automation system, it looks at components of an exhaustive Ladle Management System (LMS), and finally gives an idea of benefits that will accrue from implementation of such a system in a steel melt shop.

Aug 17, 2017

By P. Chris Pistorius

An example is presented to illustrate the joint effect of local reaction equilibria and mass transfer limitations, for reactions during ladle refining of steel. The example relies on some of the kinetic principles that David Robertson has employed to quantify many metallurgical processes. In calcium treatment of alumina inclusions in aluminum-killed steels, solid CaS forms as an intermediate reaction product. During subsequent reaction, CaS disappears and calcium aluminate forms; at the same time, aluminum and sulfur dissolve in the steel. Kinetic analysis shows that the rate of this reaction is not limited by mass transfer of dissolved aluminum and sulfur away from the reacting inclusions. The reaction rate is likely limited by transport of dissolved calcium. This example also illustrates the use of FactSage macros for kinetic modeling.

Jan 1, 2014

By C R. Fountain, W R. Cannings

The zinc-lead-silver mineral resource at Lady Loretta ranks amongst the worldÆs richest when measured in terms of in situ metal grades. However, the project remains undeveloped 28 years after its discovery in 1969. The primary obstacle to development has been the fine and complex grain structure of its ores, which make flotation concentration inefficient even with fine grinding. The size and remote location of the deposit have also hindered exploitation. BUKA planned to directly fume the volatile target metals from the ore when it acquired the project. Intensive, post-acquisition modeling showed the innovative processing route to be uneconomic, notwithstanding high metals recovery and low waste content in fume product. Progressive modifications and supplements to the underlying fuming process enhanced economics and resulted in a new mine-to-metal processing route for zinc-lead-silver ores. The proprietary, three-stage BUKA Zinc Process offers technical, economic and environmental advantages. It is expected to find widespread application in the treatment of ores and residues. However, neither continued R&D nor application to Lady LorettaÆs currently delineated resource can be justified under prevailing market conditions. The objectives and results of each step in the process development sequence are outlined with reference to their impact on the commercial viability of the Lady Loretta project.

Jan 1, 1998

By Jean-Guy Levaque, Robert Ethier, Ron J. Elliot

This paper presents data gathered during a comprehensive study on the impact of improvements to fragmentation in a major Limestone quarrying operation. The full impacts of gains in fragmentation are tracked through the mucking, crushing, and grinding phases of the operation.

Jan 1, 1999

In one of the largest dredging projects of its kind, Lake Asbestos of Quebec Ltd. is stripping overlying mud and sand from the bed of a lake to reach asbestos orebodies 70 to 200 ft below surface. Black Lake, about two miles long by half a mile wide, was almost overlooked in the search for asbestos in Quebec's ore-rich eastern townships-a search that has been underway there ever since the first asbestos was mined in 1877. Not until 1948 was the Black Lake mineral discovered. Four years later careful exploration was carried out by American Smelting & Refining Co., parent firm of Lake Asbestos. The search involved more than 75,000 ft of diamond drilling and about 5000 ft of underground work. ASARCO, in its first asbestos mining project, decided to proceed with a dredging and draining program to prepare for open pit mining.

Oct 1, 1956

The opening session was held on Tuesday evening, June 28th. Mr. F. S. Witherbee, of Port Henry, a member of the Local Committee, welcomed the Institute as follows: Mr. President and Gentlemen and (if I my also add) Ladies of the Institute: In the absence of the Chairman of our Local Committee it is my pleasant duty to give you a cordial welcome once more to the shores of Lake Champlain. I think some fourteen years have passed by since we last had the pleasure of receiving you at a meeting in this vicinity ; but the pleasure of that meeting still lingers in our memory; and the profit which we derived from your discussions and from your presence with us has made us heartily desirous to have you here again. If the truth must be known, we were for a time much embarrassed by the difficulty of providing adeqriate and comfortable shelter for the large number of friends whom we hoped (and, as this assembly indicates, had good reason for hoping) to receive. But the liberality and zealous co-operation of the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company and its hotel manager, in offering to open Hotel Champlain, at no little inconvenience, before the usual time, presented a solution of this difficulty, provided the date originally proposed for the meeting could be changed to a week later. This change was duly authorized; .and I think you will all agree with us that it was wise.. At all events, I am sure, I now need offer no apologies for the roof which covers yau. During the fourteen years which have elapsed since your last visit to us, great strides have been made in the industrial development of this country. The meetings of the Institute, held from one end of the land to the other, have permitted you to witness the transformation of small hamlets? like Birmingham, Ala., into populous and thriving industrial centers. You have seen the Minnesota and the

Jan 1, 1893

By James Hall

A geological map of a State involves very much, and its pre sentation to the public incurs grave responsibilities. It has been for a long time my earnest desire to bring out and place before the pub lic a geological map of New York which might be creditable to the State and worthy of a place among her scientific publications. We have done much for the advancement of geological science in this State—very much, and in many directions—but unfortunately, this feature, which should have been made the basis of all our work, has been too long neglected and delayed. For twenty-five years I have been laboring and looking forward to this consummation. I have recorded the field-work, systematic and desultory, upon such maps as were available for this use; and notwithstanding their imperfec tion, I have been able to transfer this recorded information to a more perfect base, which it is hoped will be completed during the early months of the next year. In 1883 I had combined, upon a small map of the State, the in formation which we possessed at that time, and communicated the same with my annual report to the Legislature. The report mas published in the regular course, but the special appropriation made for the map was vetoed by the Governor. Not discouraged by this untoward and unexpected circumstance, I continued my work, and made every effort to render the map more complete, preparatory to its communication with the next annual report. I brought together all the information within my reach, whether published or unpublished, reviewing and revising, as far as practicable, the work done by myself and assistants in southern and southeastern New York.

Jan 1, 1893

By Werner Langguth

The modern process and plant for the precipitation of gold from chlorine solutions, by sulphurous acid gas and hydrogen sulphide, differ materially from the older methods of precipitating with sulphate of iron. The chemical process and its applicability, as carried out in the Golden Reward chlorination-works at Deadwood, S. D., was described and discussed in the Engineering and Mining Journal, of New York, for February 14, and March 21, 1891. I purpose to give, in this paper, the details of construction from a general standpoint—the particular arrangement, most suitable to each case, depending, of course, upon local conditions. The accompanying sketch shows the arrangement. The plant consists of a wooden, lead-lined tank, in which the chlorine solution is precipitated; apparatus for the production of the precipitants, sulphurous acid and hydrogen sulphide; and a pressure-tank and filter-press for the collection and filtration of the precipitated gold-sulphides. These parts and arrangements are, in general, those which I employed in the Deadwood chlorinationworks, and which have proved practically successful, more than $100,000 worth of gold having been already precipitated by this method. In the construction of the generator and pressure-tank I have made, however, a few slight changes. 1. The Precipitating-Tank. The exact dimensions of this tank are not of much importance. A horizontal area of 10 x 12 feet and a height of 12 feet, holding about 7000 gallons of solution, is a good size. As the amount of attention and care required to precipitate the solution in a precipitatingtank is independent of the size of the vessel, there is economy in tanks of large capacity. Square tanks are more advantageous than round ones, because they need less floor-space, and at the same time are cheaper in construction. These tanks are made of common 2inch pine boards and 12 x 12-inch timber. They are well-bolted,

Jan 1, 1893