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By Joan M. Hartman

ON May 19th, 1857, an English patent was granted to E. A. Cowper for heating air or other gases under pressure by means of a regenerator inclosed in an air-tight iron case, having between the regenerator and case a lining of brick. This patent provided for heating the stoves by a separate fireplace, or by gas direct from the blast furnace. A number of forms of interior arrangement of the brickwork are shown in the drawings; also hollow poppet valves with hollow stems, and a pipe inside of the stem for circulating the water; the valve seats have coil cast in them for water circulation to keep them cool; slide valves, with snake coil cast in the discs, are shown, and the use of cold air for cooling the valves is also described. The combustion-chamber of these stoves was central, and openings were provided at the top and bottom to get into the stoves. These Cowper stoves are all circular in section. November 10th, 1865, an English patent was granted to Thomas Whitwell for regenerative stoves for heating air or gas, provided with cleaning openings at the top and bottom capable of being closed with firebrick plugs and doors. The drawings show a rectangular stove inclosed in an iron case. The interior brickwork has numerous up-and-down passages through the stove, but there is no claim on the interior construction. March 3d, 1868, an English patent was granted to Charles Cochrane for a slide valve to be subjected to high heats. The disc of this valve was hollow, and had a circulation of water through it by the two hollow steins that operated it. The valve-seat was detachable and had a coil cast in it, through which water circulated. The valve and seat were placed on an incline to the body to cause the valve-disc to lie on the valve-seat. A cap was placed on the bottom of the body to get at the interior readily. January 5th, 1870, an English patent was granted to Siemens, Cowper and Cochrane for the construction of regenerators in fire-brick stoves, with numerous vertical passages of sufficient size to allow a brush to pass through and clean them. These passages had slight projections on the sides to turn the air over and over as it passed through. A claim also covered the use of horizontal passages connected at each end alternately, and the use of blasts or jets of air,

Jan 1, 1880

By Jaqueline Couri Rolim

Os regimes aduaneiros especiais se distinguem do regime comum pela redução, suspensão ou isenção de tributos incidentes nas operações de comércio exterior. Esses regimes podem facilitar as operações de importação, devido à alta carga tributária, incentivando o desenvolvimento de determinadas regiões do país ou de setores específicos da economia, melhorando a competitividade de seus produtos. O Ex-Tarifário, consiste na importação de material sem similaridade nacional, podendo ser peça, equipamento ou linha de produção, com prazo de validade de um ano, podendo ser prorrogado por mais um ano, com redução significativa no imposto de importação para 2%, gerando uma economia total expressiva, pois os cálculos dos tributos federais são em cascata.

Jul 29, 2018

By D. Duff, R. A. Cameron, R. E. S. Whitehead

"Although CO2 content indicates the quantity of carbonate in altered basaltic rocks, it does not measure the intensity of carbonate alteration. CO/CaO molar ratios, which correlate with the relative proportions of individual carbonate species, measure the intensity of carbonatization. The Timmins gold area is characterized by pervasive carbonatization, with large parts of the area having CO2/Ca0 ratios greater than 1, representing C02 supersaturation relative to CaO. The mean CO/CaO in the Timmins area is0.67, compared to 0.13 in two unmineralized control areas. Regional arsenic abundance in the gold-bearing area averages 4 ppm, compared to about 0.35 ppm for the non-mineralized areas. The average K20 and Rb abundances are similar in both mineralized and non-mineralized areas (about 0.30% K20 and 7 ppm Rb). Although there appears to have been no wholesale addition of K20 or Rb to the mineralized area from external sources, these alkalies have been redistributed internally, resulting in patterns of local enrichments and depletions which are characteristic of the mineralized region.Local target anomalies associated with known mineralization consist of CO2/Ca0 > 1.5, As > 10 ppm and K2O > 0. 75%. Not all three values are required to be above these thresholds in order to identify local targets. Combinations such as C02/ Ca0 > 1.5 and As < 10 ppm, CO/CaO 1-1.5 and K20 > 0. 75 or K20 > 0. 75 and As > 10 ppm are equally indicative of proximity to gold occurrences. Gold-bearing veins and associated anomalies occur throughout the entire volcanic succession and are not restricted to any particular stratigraphic horizons. The levels and patterns of alteration and occurrences of gold appear to be structurally controlled."

Jan 1, 1982

By J. Whyatt

A variety of dynamic failure cases with regional impact were described at a bump symposium held in 1958. These types of events, while rare, are of particular interest because their ability to impact a large area has disaster potential. These cases can be grouped into two broad classes of events by mechanism. These are (1) slip along steeply dipping faults and (2) fracturing of strong strata above, or below, the coal seam. Both failure modes produce dynamic or ?shock? loads on the perimeter (roof, rib, floor) of mine openings. Special consideration should be given to these failure modes in planning of deep coal mines since their occurrence is not within the professional experience of many contemporary workers, and their potential is not evaluated by many of the analysis tools commonly used to evaluate hazards in coal mine plans.

Jan 1, 2009

By F. Varley, J. Whyatt

A variety of dynamic failure cases with regional impact were described at a bump symposium held in 1958. These types of events, while rare, are of particular interest because their ability to impact a large area has disaster potential. These cases can be grouped into two broad classes of events by mechanism. These are (1) a slip along steeply dipping faults and (2) the fracturing of strong strata above or below the coal seam. Both failure modes produce dynamic or “shock” loads on the perimeter (roof, rib and floor) of mine openings. Special consideration should be given to these failure modes in the planning of deep coal mines, since their occurrence is not within the professional experience of many contemporary workers. In addition, their potential is not evaluated by many of the analysis tools commonly used to evaluate hazards in coal mine plans.

Jan 1, 2009

By D. C. Cooper, P. M. Green, J. A. Plant, P. R. Simpson, A. J. Reedman

Paper presented at the 28th International Geological Congress held in Washington DC, July 1989 (International geochemical mapping sessions). The Grampian Highlands and English Lake District evolved as part of the American and European continental plates, respectively, and were separated by the Iapetus Ocean until they were tectonically juxtaposed during the late stages of the Caledonian orogeny. The similarity in the controls of the distribution of gold pathfinder elements and gold mineralisation in the two regions thus provides important information for understanding the genesis of gold deposits in comparable tectonic settings elsewhere. The data presented are inconsistent with models that invoke a juvenile source of gold or its pathfinder elements. Instead, they support a model whereby gold and its pathfinders were initially concentrated in volcano-sedimentary sequences in rapidly subsiding, tectonically controlled basins and in associated volcanic rocks. Remobilisation and mineralisation occurred subsequently, probably as a result of an increase in oxygen fugacity associated with the influx of granite magmas into the crust and the establishment of hydrothermal convective circulation systems

Jul 1, 1991

By Henry N. McCarl

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Jan 1, 1966

By Jorge A. Benitez Muro

Within the exploration programs carried on by the Consejo de Recursos Naturales No Renovables, the one with the largest coverage (more than 75, 000 square kilometers) is the northern Coahuila Exploration Project. Due to its nature, geochemical exploration methods were selected to obtain quick results. The program included essentially, three main stages : 1. - A regional geochemical stream sediment survey. 2. - Semi-detailed studies of the anomalous areas selected in the previous stage, and 3. - Detailed exploration of the promising areas. To the date, the first two stages have been completed, and the third one is being carried on. The work was started on september 1972, and it will probably take one more year before drilling can be started, but at the end of stage three it is expected that at least 5 important targets will have been detected. The regional work was conducted by 3 field crews, but the detailed program is being done by only one.

Jan 1, 1974

By Richard G. Warren, Michael M. Minor, Gayle J. Thomas

INTRODUCTION Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) initiated its effort in the Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance (HSSR), a part of the Department of Energy (DOE) National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) program, in late 1975. Since that time, LASL has completed sampling of the Rocky Mountain states of New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana at a density of about one water or waterborne sediment sample per 10 km2 and has sampled about 85% of Alaska at a density of at least one per 25 km2. Analytical results for these samples are reported by National Topographic Map Series (NTMS) quadrangle. All collection and analytical procedures have been standardized from the outset (Sharp, 1977; Sharp and Aamodt, 1978). Until early 1979, only uranium results were reported for these samples; thereafter, results include analyses for at least 42 additional elements in the sediment samples. Each LASL HSSR report also includes a discussion of the relationship of these analytical data to known or possible uranium resources; more recently, these data have been re- examined for their relationship to resources for other metals (Beyth et al., 1980; 1980a). Analytical results for LASL HSSR sediment samples are both comprehensive, including 43 elements, and precise, allowing close inter-comparison of data between quadrangles. A recent HSSR study shows that elemental concentrations in sediment samples from the Dixon Entrance quadrangle in Alaska are insensitive to the choice of sieve size fraction and do not vary significantly between stream locations a few meters apart, except for extremely high elemental concentrations (Warren, et al., 1980). Elements that are particularly reproducible include thorium, hafnium, and the .ram earth elements. Fortunately, sensitivities for these elements, which are often associated with uranium, are excellent by the nondestructive analytical technique of neutron activation analysis that LASL employs. Wet chemical techniques may not always give reliable results for these elements in sediment samples due to the difficulty of dissolving the resistate mineral phases that normally contain these elements. LASL has recently open-filed results for a large number of NTK3 quadrangles; to date analyses have been reported for about 605 of the quadrangles within the states of the Rocky Mountain region. As a result, uranium analyses am now complete for all sediment samples collected from the state of Wyoming. We have chosen to sumnarize the analytical results for Wyoming and portions of adjoining states hereafter termed "the ~ Wyoming regionn (Fig. 1 ) ; nearly 24 000 uranium analyses and nearly 17 000 analyses for 42 additional elements are available for sediment samples collected from this area. The DOE open-file report numbers are shown in Fig. 1 for reports open filed before September 1, 1980. The Wyoming region provides an ideal area for an examination of regional geochemical patterns ex- hibited by sediment samples. It is endowed with a variety of exposed geologic units and with widely distributed uranium districts associated with host units of several ages. However, discussion will focus on rock units of Eocene and Precambrian ages because they are widely exposed and host the majority of the uranium resources within the region (Fig. 2). Miocene units are also widespread and host mineralization in the Brown&apos;s Park Formation (Fig. 2). Epigenetic uranium mineralization occurs in sand- stones of lower Eocene age such as the Wasatch, Battle Springs, and Wind River Formations whereas vein type mineralization occurs in Precambrian crystalline rocks. Precambrian rocks within the region consist of a variety of granitic and meta- morphic rocks with l .4-2.8 billion year ages, except within the Uinta Arch, where they consist of a sequence of very low grade metamorphosed or unmetamorphosed 1.0 billion year old sedimentary rocks. Precambrian rocks have served as sources for much of the clastic material comprising the lower Eocene units, and may also have provided the source for the uranium in mineralized Eocene or Miocene sandstones (Stuckless, 1979). The remainder of this paper describes the relationship of elemental concentrations in HSSR sediment samples to exposures of Eocene and Precambrian rocks. The results are used primarily to determine where these Precambrian rocks might provide the most suitable uranium source areas and to infer the direction of transport toward adjacent depositional basins during the Eocene.

Jan 1, 1980

By Alain Simard, Sylvain Lacroix, Louis-Martin Dubé, Pierre Pilote

"The Harricana-Turgeon belt (HTB) is a poorly known volcano sedimentary belt in the NW part of the Abitibi Sub-province; it includes the Matagami, Joutel, Brouillan and Casa-Berardi mining districts. The HTB is dominated by volcanic rocks, which covers 65% of its surface area, followed by sedimentary (18%) and plutonic (17%) rocks. It is also transected by numerous deformation zones located either at the contacts of volcano-sedimentary units and granitoid bodies or cross-cutting them. A preliminary geological synthesis shows that mineral deposits are associated with certain regional geologic elements.The volcano-sedimentary units are grouped here into twelve band-shaped lithotectonic domains, most of which extend for more than 150 km E-Win the HTB. Each domain is defined by lithologies and facies associations, and gradiometric and electromagnetic signatures.Eight domains are composed of basaltic or basaltic to komatiitic associations, interlayered with thin pelagic sediments, representing sub-marine lava plains. Two domains are composed of basaltic to rhyolitic associations that are interpreted as volcanic arcs formed by one or several central volcanic complexes.The sedimentary rocks are grouped into two lithotectonic domains. Each is composed of rhythmic sequences of turbiditic sandstone- siltstone-shale, Algoma-type banded iron formations and conglomerates bearing plutonic and volcanic pebbles. These three facies come partly from mass flow at the bottom of a slope in a moderately deep marine environment. In each domain, a conglomerate sandstone- siltstone sequence, containing poly genetic pebbles of local provenance, is similar to Timiskaming-type alluvial deposits.The nineteen granitoids, found within the HTB and at its border, belong to numerous petrographic suites, and have been grouped into four structural families: pre-tectonic, pre- to early-tectonic, syn- to late-tectonic, and late- to post- tectonic. The pre- to early-tectonic plutons are presumed to be sub-volcanic and are generaly associated with the volcanism of central complexes.The HTB mineral resources consist essentially of polymetallic (Cu-Zn-Ag-Au) and gold (Au-Ag) deposits. The polymetallic deposits are located exclusively in the two lithotectonic domains composed of basaltic to rhyolitic associations (Matagami-Brouillan and Joutel Raymond). All gold deposits are associated with deformation zones superimposed on lithotectonic domain contacts and highlighted by graphitic units. Most of the deposits are hosted in the Casa-Berardi and Douay deformationzones, located at the contact of the Cartwright basaltic to komatiitic domain and the Taibi sedimentary domain"

Jan 1, 1990

By R. Lasmanis

"Washington State&apos;s diverse geological setting is reflected by its several types of porphyry Cu-Mo deposits. All are associated with calc-alkaline intrusions, and they range in age from Jurassic to Miocene.The largest is the Mount Tolman Mo-Cu deposit located in the Omineca Belt. It contains 2.18 billion tonnes of material averaging 0.093% MoS2 and 0.09% Cu. There are intermediate-size Mesozoic deposits in the Intermontane Belt. The Cascade volcanic arc hosts small- to medium-Tertiary deposits. Among these, of particular interest is the Sunrise breccia pipe, which has been explored over a vertical distance of 1000 m. It contains reserves of 64.6 million tonnes averaging 0.319% Cu and 0.071% MoS2 with significant tungsten values. The Glacier Peak deposits have potential resources of 1.7 billion tonnes averaging 0.334% Cu and more than 0.015% MoS2 and also contain tungsten. The Margaret deposit can be classified as a porphyry Cu-Au type; it has reserves of 200 million tonnes averaging 0.434% Cu, 0.0175% MoS2> 0.27 g!t Au and 1.92 g!t Ag. Drill intercepts of the North Fork deposit also show significant gold values.Mineralization and hydrothermal alteration of these deposits are typical of porphyry deposits, although some differences can be noted. The Mount Tolman molybdenum deposit contains topaz alteration zones and is transitional between a plutonic type and a Climax-type molybdenum system. Other deposits, such as the Kelsey, Mazama, North Fork, and Margaret, are low-sulphide systems that contain significant amounts of magnetite."

Jan 1, 1995

By James Pirie

"The major Archean gold deposits in the Red Lake greenstone belt, which have produced over 374 million grams of gold since 1930, occur near the top of the lower komatiitic to tholeiitic mafic to ultramafic metavolcanic sequence. The upper calc-alkalic mafic to felsic rocks form three discrete and separate ediftces overlymg this lower sequence.The gold deposits are classified according to their stratigraphic or lithologic associations into:1) mafic-volcanic-hosted deposits;2) felsic-intrusive-hosted deposits; and3) stratabound deposits.Group 1 and to a lesser extent Group 2 deposits occur within zones of alteration several square kilometres in extent. The nature of this pervasive alteration can be characterized by comparison of petrochemical data from the altered rocks and their fresher equivalents some distance away. The altered rocks have substantial addition of SiO2> CO2, K2O, As and Sb and subtraction of Na20, CaO, MgO and total Fe. Cr, Ni, Co and Zr appear to have been relatively immobile. Hydrothermal alteration and gold deposition probably accompanied early fumarolic activity and continued during subsequent deformation the metavolcanic sequence, with gold eventually being mobtltzed and concentrated into major vein structures to form the present orebodies. The smaller Group 2 deposits formed by emplacement of felsic intrusions into already altered, anomalously gold-bearing mafic metavolcanics, with the heat from the intrusions setting up parasitic hydrothermal systems which mobilized the gold and deposited it along with minor sulphides in fractures in the cooling intrusions."

Jan 1, 1982

The history of the rail and mining industry in Queensland over the past century is inseparable. Indeed it was mining that led to the construction of the line west from Townsville and that shaped its current alignment. The discovery of gold at Charters Towers started construction of the Great Northern Railway west from Townsville in 1879, with completion to Charters Towers in 1882. The line was extended to Hughenden in 1887 and to Cloncurry in 1907 - driven by copper mines both to the south west and the north west of Cloncurry. The mining industryÆs association with funding the construction of rail lines to service their individual mines began in this area when the Hampden and Mount Elliot mine companies agreed to pay 50 per cent of the cost of the line from Cloncurry. The line to Selwyn was completed in 1910. Copper mining saw the construction of many other rail lines in the Cloncurry area in the 1910 - 20 period before copper prices slumped. Included in these lines were the Malbon to Duchess line and the line to Kajabbi and beyond.

Jan 1, 1998

By Sandin Phillipson

During the course of ground control evaluations conducted by the Mine Safety and Health Administration's Roof Control Division, a number of surface and underground coal mines were visited that exhibited instances of ground failure associated with joints. The evaluations were conducted over a broad geographic area, including the Appalachian Basin from Pennsylvania to Tennessee, and they documented that joints occur in a wide variety of mining conditions and exhibit a wide variety of characteristics. Despite minor local variability in orientations, the joints fit into a cohesive pattern when evaluated on a regional scale in context with the system of thrust faults that define the Alleghany Front. Joints documented for this study, together with joints in sandstone and coal and the trends of drag folds compiled from other studies, were plotted on regional maps using GIS software. The trends of joints, including those that could be described colloquially as "hill seams," were not only parallel to regional fault systems and local trends of drag folds, but were also parallel to the regional patterns of previously mapped joints in sandstone and coal. These observations indicate that the features referred to informally as "hill seams" are in fact joints formed in response to tectonic processes associated with regional deformation of the Cumberland-Allegheny Plateau. The 286-266 million-year-old age of regional deformation significantly pre-dates the time when the Cumberland-Allegheny Plateau was subjected to deeply incised stream valley erosion, which began 25 million years ago. This challenges an existing interpretation that "hill seams" represent local ·stress relief joints that formed when stream valley erosion removed confinement and allowed tensile failure of the rock. Although relaxation of confining stress can reasonably be expected to occur near outcrop, observations indicate that this results in the dilation of existing joints. This paper presents instances of ground failure associated with joints, discusses methods of mitigation, and recommends that the term "hill seam" be abandoned in technical communication because it simply refers to a kind of joint that may exhibit certain weathering and aperture characteristics.

Jan 1, 2010

The assistance that can be gained by the use of aerial photographs in the geological examination of a mineral field is clearly illustrated by the results of a rapid reconnaissance survey of the newly-discovered Mount Fitton talc, deposits, situated in the north-eastern extension of the Flinders Ranges in South Australia.The talc deposits were found to occur about the margins of a large lenticular mass of dolomitic marble, interbedded with hornfelsic tillites and fluvio-glacial sediments of Upper Pre-Cambrian age. Aerial photographs show clearly the extent of the dolomitic marble on which the growth of a species of eucalypt-Eucalyptus Gillei-is prominently developed, and which assists in defining the limits of this relatively light-coloured formation. (See Fig. 1).Upon field investigation it was found that the talc, deposits are related closely to the margin of the dolomitic marble where the latter has been subject to minor folding and faulting. The deposits themselves have been formed by metasomatic replacement of schistose dolomite. The contact of the dolomite with the underlying and overlying glacial beds is also noteworthy for the presence of minor occurrences of copper, silver, lead and zinc minerals.An examination of photographs covering a wide area reveals an outcrop of a massive granite to the north-east of the dolomitic marble, Fig. 2, which was almost certainly responsible for the regional metamorphism of the dolomitic and glacigene sediments, and the source of the mineralising solutions.All these features, as well as the broader structural features of the area, which are extremely important in the understanding of, individual commercial depQsits, were quickly determined with the assistance of the photographs.It is useful, briefly to relate the procedure adopted in examining this recently developed field as an example which may be well worth following on other fields, even if exposures are not so clearly defined. The method to be outlined, of course, will be of maximum advantage. Where rock exposures are good, where the ore bodies are likely to be widely spread, and where such bodies are related to some major geologi-cal control. Typical of such deposits are pegmatitic, hydrothermal and related ore bodies associated with the periphery of an igneous intrusion, or ore bodies related to particular sedimentary horizons in a regionally metamorphosed province.Procedure.The first requirement is the preparation of a detailed reconnaissance geological plan of as large segment as possible of the potentially mineralised province. The use of aerial photographs is par...

Jan 1, 1950

By Carl Lee

CHICAGO in the last week of June fulfilled all its promises to the visiting engineers except one. This holds true with respect to the activities of the Regional Meeting of the A. I. M. E. in particular and of Engineers&apos; Week in general. No one expected to find much of the beautiful in the outward aspects of the Fair-the Century of Progress Exposition, to be more formal; but they expected novelty, color, and startling lighting effects at night, and they were in no sense disappointed. It has been said that the architecture is a portent of the style of the buildings of the future; most who have seen the Fair hope that this forecast will prove inaccurate. As to the exhibits themselves, they are splendid. They are in keeping with the theme of the Exposition-a Century of Progress in science, in engineering, in the industries based upon them. No attempt will be made here even to suggest the exhibits that are most interesting. There are plenty for every one; and any member of the Institute who has the opportunity should by all means visit Chicago before the end of October.

Jan 1, 1933

By Edward H. Robie

THE registration badges gave out, there were not enough programs, the Pioneer Hotel&apos;s rooms were insufficient, and some hundred applicants for banquet tickets had to be turned down at the Institute&apos;s Regional Meeting in Tucson, Nov. 1-5. Minor inconveniences these, however, occasioned by the fact that, optimistic as they are in Arizona, about half again as many partook of the week&apos;s activities as were expected. For this, the local program committee can be blamed-both the technical and social features were too attractive in quantity and quality. Seriously speaking, though, the Institute has probably never had a more successful Regional Meeting than this one. It being the first that has been held in Arizona in 22 years, no effort was spared to make it the distinctive gathering that it was.

Jan 1, 1938

By H. von Blottnitz, B. E. Isheloke

Mining is a significant economic activity in most Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and mineral beneficiation has been identified, and controversially discussed as one of the possibilities for industrialisation. With many member countries being economically too small to muster the human and financial resources which beneficiation requires, the recently adopted Regional Mining Vision (RMV) envisages interventions at a regional level. An opportunity arose to ask industry role players to what extent the SADC appears to support regional beneficiation policy interventions undertaken by member countries, and what the challenges are in undertaking beneficiation regionally, as a complement to, or substitute for country-specific beneficiation policies. Twenty-five semistructured interviews were conducted with experts from SADC member countries during the 2019 Mining Indaba. Participants were divided on whether beneficiation should be carried out nationally or in the SADC region. While beneficiation could support value-keeping, key challenges were found to be infrastructure development (i.e. energy, water), scarce skills, access to technology and related costs, but also lack of free trade and movement. We submit that a more integrated beneficiation strategy for the SADC region, as is being developed through the RMV, would indeed be relevant in the future. Keywords: Mineral beneficiation, regional integration, beneficiation policy interventions, African mining vision, mining, SADC

Jan 1, 2020

By E Philippa, B Miller

Material characterisation, ore sequencing and process capability are commonly regarded as the key parameters to consider in designing and operating an effective pit to plant supply chain. Therefore, an understanding of rock mass properties is the starting point for controlling the presentation of problematic material to the ore handling plant and optimising process utilisation. There are different methodologies for characterising problematic material and ore handleability which exist across a spectrum of sophistication. At one end of this spectrum are simple indices built using first principles geology and at the other are complex algorithms developed using advanced analytical methods, machine learning and ore traceability. Regardless of the method, without an integrated process for careful management of problematic ore, material handling delays (ie blocked, bridged, blinded and buried events) will interrupt the stable flow of production. The ability of the ore control geologist to mitigate these delays is central to the ore handleability challenge. This paper describes a quick and easy solution that links the presentation of ore to the operating window at the crusher. This operating window is based on material characterisation, using the physical, textural and mechanical properties of the rock mass, and crusher performance. It also describes how a basic problematic ore index (POI) can be developed using ore tracking to the production face, petrographic studies of ore texture and mineralogy, and existing variables in the geological model. Finally, this paper will demonstrate that by coding the POI into the geological model for mine planning, together with performance monitoring through compliance to plan routines, material handling delays at the crusher can be reduced, unlocking significant resource value.

Mar 22, 2022

By H. D. B. Wilson, W C. Brisbin

The Thompson-Moak Lake nickel belt lies along the root of a Precambrian mountain range of the island-arc or alpine type. This range coin-. cides with the boundary between the Superior and Churchill blocks of the Canadian Precambrian shield. The nickeliferous peridotites and nickel ores occur along a negative gravity strip, which also coincides with strong thrust faulting and the axis of greatest deformation of the mountain range. Similar structures and highly nickeliferous peridotites occur in present-day island arcs. Much of the belt is covered by Paleozoic rocks, but a length of 270 miles may be explored by present-day methods. Nickel deposits have been located along 60 miles of the belt. The length of the favorable structure and the size of the known deposits suggest that this will be one of the world's major nickel regions. The regional gravity anomalies, which consist of a branching negative strip bordered by two positive strips, are best explained by major warps of a crust consisting of a granitic and basaltic layer. The ore deposit

Jan 1, 1961