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By Ricardo Montero

At this time, over 300 tons of Au are used in electronic equipment each year with other precious and strategic metals such as Ag, Pt, Pd, Cu, Nb, Ta, etc. After the use-phase, the electronic devices become electronic waste (e-waste); consequently it is important to consider e-waste as a secondary supply for recovery of these metals. One of the most important components is the printed circuit boards (PCBs) because the amount of their precious metals is ten times higher than rich precious metals bearing ore. This paper presents the recovery of Au, Ag, Cu and Nb from PCBs of discarded computers using leaching column technique. The amount of these metals in used PCBs was: 613 g/ton of Au, 1515 g/ton of Ag, 36 g/ton of Nb and 23.4 % of Cu. The PCBs were crushed with a hammer mill until reaching a particle size between 3.33 mm to 0.43 mm. Then, it was leached with sodium cyanide solution in a glass column using the following conditions: sodium cyanide concentration 4 g/L, flux 20 L/kg PCBs day, pH between 10.5 to 11 and leaching time 15 days. Every day, after leaching, the pregnant solutions passed through a column with activated carbon to complete the closed loop system. The following recoveries were obtained: 46.6% of Au, 51.3% of Ag, 47.2% of Nb and 62.3 % of Cu. The products obtained are: a) loaded carbon that contains the desired metals and b) processed PCBs with precious metal contents. A preliminary technical-economic study shows the feasibility to create a small-scale PCBs recycling plant. The initial investment is on the order of US$ 155 639, considering the recovered metals from loaded carbon. The internal rate of return for 10 years period (IRR) and net present value (NPV) estimated are 27% and US$ 105 926 respectively. Keywords: printed circuit boards, recovery, precious metals, niobium, leaching column

Sep 1, 2012

By D. D. Banerjee, S. K. Kawatra, T. C. Eisele

To reduce their sulfur emissions, many coal-fired electric power plants use wet flue-gas scrubbers. These scrubbers convert sulfur oxides into solid sulfate and sulfite sludge, which must then be disposed of. This sludge is a result of reacting limestone with sulfur dioxide to precipitate calcium sulfite and calcium sulfate. The majority of the sludge is simply landfilled, but with increasing landfillimg costs this can cost the plant millions of dollars per year. As a result, this option is rapidly becoming less attractive. Producing marketable materials from the sludge is a far more promising avenue, provided that the products can meet the necessary specifications at a reasonable cost. In this paper, a method is described for using froth flotation and water-only cyclones to remove unreacted limestone from scrubber sludge. The water-only cyclone was found to be very effective for removing the coarser unreacted limestone, grinding ball chips, gravel, and similar coarse impurities. Froth flotation was found to remove fine unreacted limestone, with a minimum of reagent addition.

Jan 1, 1995

By Mikio Kobayashi

Extraction of valuable metals from sulfide ores continues to be a very important, process and so the strict control of discharge of harmful metals in effluents from refineries becomes more important in the future. The recovery methods for heavy metals have been developed. Some metals such as Se and As are still difficult to be removed to very low concentration, although the techniques for recovery and removal for many kinds of heavy metals have already been developed. Especially, in case of Se the recovery system from water with low concentration has not be developed yet, although the WHO decided Se to be harmful for human beings and then the discharge control is under obligation now. In general Se exists as selenite ion and/or selenate ion in aqueous phase and selenite ion is able to be recovered by coprecipitation with ferric hydroxide or by reduction to solid selenium by general reductants. Selenate ion, however, has a strong resistance to conventional treatments. Therefore the new technique for the recovery of Se from water including selenate ion has to be developed. In this presentation the new approach for removal of selenate ion using the reaction in which ferrous ion is oxidized to ferric ion is presented. Selenate ion is reduced to selenite ion during the reaction and then to solid selenium, while ferrous ion is oxidized to ferric ion. The coexistence of activated carbon is very useful to increase the reaction rate. The use of iron powder is also effective and very useful for reducing gel-like precipitates mainly consisted of ferric hydroxide. The concentration of the residual selenate ion is probably under 0.1 ppm after recovering Se by the mentioned-above approach. In addition to the mechanisms of these reactions, the effects of pH, coexistent positive and negative ions, and reaction temperature are also presented. Furthermore the investigation of the behavior of selenosulfate is presented.

Jan 1, 1998

By Yehia M. Youssef, Nourhan Moukhtar, M. H. Abdel-Aziz, Ibrahim Hassan

Copper was recovered from copper sulfate solution in a batch-recycled galvanic reactor operated under forced convection with the generation of electrical energy during the cementation process. The divided galvanic cell consisted of parallel copper and zinc plates. The mass transfer rate and the amount of electrical energy generated were found to be directly proportional to the solution flow rate and the initial concentration of metallic ions and inversely proportional to the distance between electrodes. The experimental results were expressed in terms of a dimensionless correlation including all parameters. The wastewater treatment presented herein cell can be utilized to recover many soluble heavy metal ions from solution with high efficiency.

Oct 2, 2020

By Kenzo Murao, Sei Nakao

HISTORY OF ASHIO SMELTER The Ashio copper mine, which formed the main part of Furukawa mining industry, is located inland of Kanto area, and is known as the oldest copper mine of Japan. The mining started even since 1610, and Mr. Furukawa began management in 1877. Afterwards, within a short period, the mine became to have the highest productivity in the Far East. The total quantity of mined copper reached approximately more than 800 thousand tons. The mother rock of the ore deposit in Ashio was rhyolite, and was formed of sissurefulling and irregular clod that was called Kajika deposit. The lode was nzrrow of 6 to 7cm. The mineral was formed mainly of chalcopyrite, including also pyrite, pyrrhotite, and arsenopyrite that were not favorable. After the founding of the copper mine, the Ashio smelter started the operation of Mabuki process as the beginning in 1611, and subsequently adopted the processes of the blast furnace, reverberatory furnace, and flash smelting furnace of the present use. As indicated above, the copper ore of Ashio mine included arsenic. For the purpose to remove it, the operation of the arsenic trioxide production using MacDougall's multiple hearth roaster was started in 1918, and it maintained the status of having the most qualified technique within the country. However, as the completeness in the disposition of anti-pollution and safety had been requested in those years, we studied and developed a unique equipment in 1970. It excludes the heavy metals especially arsenic and copper from the waste water of sulfuric acid process of Flash Smelter's exhaust gas.

Jan 1, 1976

By G. Azimi, C. A. Ang, F. Zhang

"Nickel recovery from laterite ores generates large amounts of solid and liquid wastes. This is primarily due to the low concentration of Ni (about 1.4 wt%) in the feed ore to the High-Pressure-Acid-Leaching (HPAL) process. It is known that the HPAL residue contains a high concentration of hematite, a commercially important source of iron in the steelmaking industry. However, the balance is natroalunite, containing sulfur, which is a detrimental element in the steelmaking process. Hence, to make the HPAL residue a suitable feed for steelmaking, natroalunite must be removed. The current work is focused on: 1) a thorough characterization of the HPAL residue obtained from Vale, and 2) a systematic investigation of an alkaline leach process to remove natroalunite. The characterization results indicated that there are about 83 and 12 wt% hematite and natroalunite in the HPAL residue, respectively. The leaching results indicate that sodium hydroxide is the best leaching agent, which results in 55 wt% reduction in the sulfur content. The results of this work enable the conversion of an otherwise waste product into a useful feedstock for steelmaking. Furthermore, this project could potentially have significant environmental benefits by reducing the amount of residue produced during the HPAL process.INTRODUCTION Conventionally, crude steel has been obtained by reducing iron ore containing oxides such as hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and wüstite (FeO) in a blast furnace with coke. The product is then refined in a basic oxygen furnace to produce steel with useful properties (McGannon, 1969; Turkdogan, 1978). Steel has been sought for its desirable properties and its application is widespread throughout modern civilizations. Surpassing the growth rate of other materials, the annual demand of steel has increased at a compound growth rate of 5% over the last 20 years (Baddoo, 2008). The global demand for steel was reported to be 1501 Mt in 2016 and demand is expected to double by 2050 (Cullen, Allwood, & Bambach, 2012; World Steel Association, 2016). In recent years, to meet the rapid growth of demand, secondary resources for iron have been identified as strategic sources of iron (Das, Kumar, & Ramachandrarao, 2000; Li, Sun, Bai, & Li, 2010; Matschullat et al., 2000). The residue produced from high-pressure acid leaching (HPAL) of laterite ore has been identified as one of the important secondary sources of iron (McDonald & Whittington, 2008). Laterite ore represents 60% of the world’s nickel resources and accounts for approximately 40-50% of the world annual nickel production (U.S. Geological Survey, 2016). Therefore, the amount of iron residue produced by the process is substantial and its utilization will produce both economic and environmental benefits."

Jan 1, 2017

By José García-Antón, Valentín Pérez-Herranz, José Luís Guiñón, Henry Reyes

"The majority of chromium electroplating operations employ Cr(VI)-based baths. During these processes, Cr(VI) is reduced to Cr(III). Besides Cr(III) other undesirable impurities are present such as iron, copper and nickel. The build-up of the impurities limits the lifetime of the plating solutions. Since the disposal of spent chromic acid baths is expensive and can cause significant environmental degradation, there is increasing interest in finding ways to regenerate waste chromium liquors.In this work, an electrolytic cell separated by microporous ceramic diaphragms was used to regenerate chromium plating solutions. The effect of the ceramic diaphragm structure parameters, such as porosity and pore size, on the performance indicators of the electrochemical reactor (fractional conversion, current efficiency, product yield, specific energy consumption) was investigated.The fractional conversion, the product yield and the current efficiency increased and the specific energy consumption decreased with the decrease in porosity.IntroductionChromic acid is widely used in industrial applications such as steel manufacture, metal finishing industries, aluminium anodising, pasivation of cadmium, magnesium, and zinc, etching of plastics and another industrial operations related with processing ferrous and no ferrous metals [1]. These processes employ baths with high concentrations in chromic acid, about 180 and 350 g/L, where hexavalent chromium is reduced to Cr(III):"

Jan 1, 2008

By Ejike Emmanuel, Nwoye Chukwuka, Ogwuegbu Martin, Asuwaji Ayuk, Onyedika Gerald

"Microwave pre-treatment of cassiterite ore prior to leaching was carried out in an attempt to obtain high grade of Sn02 and to conserve the total energy expended during processing. Microwave treatment was selected due to the presence of associated minerals which behaves differently to microwave energy. Studies in this work showed that microwave pretreatment of cassiterite ore can be applied to increase the recovery of tin oxide within 5 minutes of leaching. Microwave treatment of the ore resulted in mineral liberation at all particle sizes. Tin oxide was separated from the major impurities via leaching in potassium hydroxide solution and precipitation, resulting in 98% Sn02 at pH 7.IntroductionIn the nineties, the available techniques used for ore processing and analysis in Nigeria was the solution methods of either alkaline fusion or acid digestion [1,2]. A process in which cassiterite is made acid soluble by reduction to SnO2 , which stabilizes by glass formation and the tin was extracted by leaching the glass with sulphuric acid, followed by electrowinning was reported [3,4]. In another study, Baba et al [5] studied the dissolution kinetics of a Nigerian casiterite ore in hydrochloric acid solution. The effects of acid concentration,temperature, particle size and stirring speed were examined. It was found that the dissolution rates of cassiterite depends on hydrogen ion concentration, H+, stirring speed and ore particle dimensions. These were believed to report low data due to incomplete solubilization of the ore minerals in aqeous medium [6]. Analytical chemists have used microwave heating devices routinely for the dissolution of metals, minerals and various chemical products in chemical analysis [7,8]. It offers faster heating rate and consequently faster dissolution rate than conventional heating. The principle of the dissolution of analytical samples has been applied to the leaching of various minerals contained in an ore or concentrate sample. Some researchers [9, 10] conducted microwave assisted leaching of laterite ores containing oxides of nickel, cobalt, and iron. The metals of these mineral components were converted into their chlorides by microwave heating (1200 W, 2450 MHz, Nz atmosphere) a mixture of the ore and ammonium chloride between l 77°C and 312° C for 4-5 min, followed by water leaching at 80° C for 30 min. Nickel and cobalt extractions were 70% and 85%, and respectively, and are comparable with roasting at 300°C in a conventional rotary kiln for 2 hours."

Jan 1, 2013

By James E. Hoffmann, John A. Bonucci, Peter D. Parker

A hydrometallurgical process has been developed for the recovery of high-purity silver from sulfated residues. The process eliminates the high temperature operations ordinarily associated with silver recovery and refining. The crux of the process is a metathetical leach which maintains the sulfate ion concentration at a level which both allows silver nitrate to be freely soluble and simultaneously depresses the solubility of lead nitrate. The subsequent hydrolytic purification of the silver nitrate solution, the recovery of high-purity silver by electrowinning in a diaphragm cell, and the final product purity are discussed.

Jan 1, 1981

By H. Shafick Hanna

The major problems are identified the high phosphorus content and the fine dissemination or encapsulation of mineral impurities, in, ,the iron bearing minerals, A process which combined extreme fine grinding techniques with magnetizing roasting or flotation separation methods, is suggested. By these methods concentrates assaying 60-61 percent Fe exceeding the widely accepted upper limit of 56 percent Fe set for these ores, were produced with 75-90 percent iron recovery. Moreover it was shown that the phosphorus content of these concentrates could be reduced from 0.25 to 0.03 percent phosphorus by acid leaching. A brief discussion on production costs based on current and future developments in iron ore processing is given.

Jan 1, 1980

By H. S. Hanna, C. Rampacek

The problems and limitations encountered in the Physical beneficiation of the Appalachian Red Iron Ores are discussed. Two major problems are identified - the high phosphorus content and the fine dissemination or encapsulation of mineral impurities in the iron-bearing minerals. A process that combined extreme fine grinding techniques with magnetizing roasting or flotation-separation methods is suggested. By these methods, concentrates assaying 60-61 % Fe, exceeding the widely accepted upper limit of 56% Fe set for these ores, were produced with 75-90% iron recovery. Moreover, it was shown that the phosphorus content of these concentrates could be reduced from 0.25% to 0.03% phosphorus by acid leaching. A brief discussion on production costs based on current and future developments in iron ore processing is given.

Jan 1, 1983

By Jerome P. Downey

Treatment of tungsten ore at Anschutz Mining Company's Chicote Grande (Bolivia) operation results in a relatively high grade arsenopyrite byproduct stream. Laboratory and miniplant testwork have been performed at Colorado School of Mines Research Institute to examine the technical feasibility of recovering a marketable arsenic product fr an this source. Process selection was constrained by the remote location of the millsite, which demands an uncomplicated, low maintenance operation. As a result of the research effort, a two-stage roasting/condensing process was developed, featuring the use of an indirect heating method. Arsenic was efficiently extracted and the arsenic trioxide (As203) product consistently exceeded the industrial purity specification of 99.5%. Key process parameters have been secured for extrapolation of the process to pilot or small commercial scale.

Jan 1, 1985

By Wen Chen, Xinghua Liu, Zeyou Peng, Qiulin Wang

"Limonite is a collective for iron hydroxide argillaceous materials. It is very difficult to be treated due to the wide variation in specific gravity and magnetism and the high argillization rate in the course of grinding and beneficiation. The iron ore in Huangmei, Hubei, China is the typical representative of limonite. If the limonite is processed using conventional physical beneficiation methods (e.g. magnetic separation, gravity separation, flocculation-desliming-flotation, or a combined process of the three), it can only be obtained an iron concentrate grade of 51.98% and an iron metal recovery of 86.64%. However, the technique of flash magnetic roasting-magnetic separation can improve the concentrate grade to 61.03%, iron recovery to 91.17%. This paper describes the tests of recovering limonite by flash magnetic roasting in detail.IntroductionLimonite (mFe2O3, nH2O)[1] is a general designation for hydrous iron hydroxides and argillaceous matters. Limonite is hard to be separated because of its complicated geneses, comparatively weak magnetism, nonuniform grain size and being easily slimed during grinding. So most small and medium enterprises sell deslimed limonite product which was dealt with just by simple methods of washing, magnetic separation or gravity separation and so on. In recent years with the iron ore prices soaring, significant progress was made in mineral processing research of limonite. Laboratory research and industrial test results showed that flocculation-desliming-flotation process and roasting-magnetic separation process are the two best methods to recover limonite till now. To compare these two methods, roasting-magnetic separation process is superior to flocculation-desliming-flotation process in aspects of beneficiation indexes and industrial stability."

Jan 1, 2012

By T. Tanaka, H. Kiuchi

The combination of the following two exothermic reactions was studied with the purpose of recovering H2 from H2S formed in acid leaching of sulfide ores, direct reduction of metal sulfides with H2 or desulfurization of crude oils: In the kinetic study of the recovery of H2, the reaction rate was measured by the two methods of single-stage and circulation blowing of H2S through molten Pb in the temperature range of 550 to 750°C. The experimental results showed that the rate determining step is in the chemical reaction itself and also that this reaction is accelerated markedly by the addition of a trace of Ni, which may be responsible for the catalytic action of Ni dissolved in molten Pb. In the experiments where Pb metal was produced, PbS was oxidized in a stream of atmospheric N2 containing 0.5 to 20 vol-% 02 or in the same 02 partial pressures as in N2 though under reduced pressures in the temperature range of 400 to 800°C. It was found from these experiments that the formation of PbSO4, basic sulfates and PbO are suppressable to yield Pb metal alone above 750°C and for 02 concentrations of less than 1 vol-%. Vapor of PbS was thought to take an important part in the Pb formation mechanism, and the probability thereof was demonstrated thermodynamically.

Jan 1, 1978

By Mariana H. Staia

The present communication reports the results obtained by applying different concentration methods, at laboratory level, to the black sands from Estado Bolivar, Venezuela, with the aim of obtaining an adequate ilmenitic concentrate for the subsequent chlorination process. Sizing analysis was performed and plasma emission spectroscopy method was used to determine the chemical composition. It was found that from the two hydrogravimetric methods used, the Humphrey spirals is much more effective than Wilfley tables, leading to a 85% recovery. The most convenient particle size group for these concentration methods was the one corresponding to ASTM 40-140 mesh. When magnetic concentration was applied to the concentrate, obtained as a product from Humphrey spiral, a recovery of ilmenite more than 90% was obtained in the first step. It has been shown that the ore would respond to the separation techniques employed, giving individual minerals: ilmenite, zircon and silica as concentration products.

Jan 1, 1995

By S. M. Hay

The zinc content of blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace dusts is low compared with electric arc furnace dusts and it is generally not economical to treat the dusts to recover zinc. However, they have a high iron content and removal of the zinc would allow recovery of the iron values. A literature review and thermodynamic analysis was undertaken and, as a result, several smelting options were identified. This paper describes experiments undertaken to develop understanding of metallurgical aspects of these processes which are not amenable to theoretical analysis. Dusts from an Australian steelworks were characterised in order to determine their mineralogical make-up and the form of the iron. The processing aspects investigated in the laboratory were slag-metal equilibrium and solid-state pre-reduction using reducing gases of compositions expected from bath-smelting processes. Particular attention. was paid to the deportment of zinc, sodium, potassium, phosphorous and sulfur between the phases formed during smelting and pre-reduction. The smelting results indicate that less than 10% of the zinc, sulphur, sodium and potassium report to the metal. About 99% of the zinc and potassium and about 80% of the sodium could be volatilised from the dusts by reducing them at 1,000°C with mixtures of CO, CO2, H2 and H2O even when metallic iron was not formed. The experiments indicate that smelting of blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace dusts should produce hot-metal of a composition which can be blended into the main stream of hot-metal in the steelworks.

Jan 1, 1994

By Lin Yang, Yuanbo Zhang, Zhuoxuan Li, Guanghui Li, Jinghua Zeng, Tao Jiang

A technique has been proposed for recovering iron from hematite-rich diasporic-type bauxite ore in this study. Direct reduction roasting followed by low intensity wet magnetic separation process was carried out. The parameters including reduction temperature and time, sodium salts, grinding conditions and magnetic field intensity for separation of iron were determined. The optimum process parameters as follows: roasting temperature of 1050 oC, time of 60 min, sodium salts involving sodium sulfate, borax, sodium carbonate with dosages of 10 wt%, 2 wt%, 35 wt% respectively, and magnetic field intensity of 1000 Gs with fineness of pulp reached 92.75% passing -0.074mm. Under the optimal conditions, an iron concentrate containing 88.17% total iron grade and iron recovery of 92.51% was obtained, 4.55% total iron grade in tailings. This novel technique provide a potential route for utilizing hematiterich diasporic bauxite ore, recovering iron resource firstly, and extracting alumina from magnetic separation tailings further.

Jan 1, 2015

By R. Kumar, N. R. Mandre

"The beneficiation of iron ore slimes by selective flocculation was studied. Polyacrylamide (PAM) and guar gum were used as flocculant, along with sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) as a dispersant. The samples collected were initially subjected for chemical and mineralogical studies. The mineralogical studies indicated the presence of haematite and goethite as the principal iron-bearing minerals, with quartz and kaolinite as gangue minerals. The selective flocculation tests showed that the Fe grade can be enhanced from 58.24% to 64.60% Fe at a recovery of 66.33% using polyacrylamide as the flocculant. A Fe grade of 63.20% at a recovery of 68.04% was obtained using guar gum as flocculant. The efficacy of the studies was analysed using a separation index, which indicated that the higher separation index was obtained with the tests employing polyacrylamide as the flocculant. IntroductionIndia is endowed with huge reserves of highgrade iron ore and is one of the prominent producers in the world. As the high-grade iron ores have been exhaustively mined, it has become imperative to use low-grade iron ores, fines, and slimes to meet the growing demand. Also, generation of fines and slimes during mining and processing contributes to loss of minerals to the extent of 30% of the total value (Mandre and Panigrahi, 1997). These fines/slimes are often discarded as waste into tailing ponds, containing considerable amounts of iron. Therefore beneficiation of tailings/slimes has become necessary for optimal utilization of the resources.In recent years, interest in recovery of valuable minerals from low-grade ores, slimes, and tailings has increased worldwide. These activities are initiated not only to recover minerals but also to address various environmental issues associated with fine particle treatment. The literature reveals that several technologies have been employed in this regard, including flotation, advanced gravity separation, and high-intensity magnetic separation. However, these processes are found to be ineffective for fine particle treatment due to lower collision probability in flotation, decreased gravitational effect in gravity separation, and reduced drag force in magnetic separation, among other factors (Batisteli and Peres, 2008; Das et al., 2007; Dworzanowski, 2012; Rocha, Caneado, and Peres, 2010). Therefore, it is in this regard that selective flocculation has gained importance in treating slimes in recent years."

Jan 1, 2017

By M. Adnan Göksel

Pyrite cinder is generated by roasting pyrite for sulfur dioxide production. It contains up to 62% iron, but also may contain other hazardous or toxic materials such as Zn, Pb, As, T1, Cd, Cu, Sn and S. Furthermore, the physical characteristics are not properly suited for conventional sintering. As a result pyrite cinder is considered to be unsuitable for iron and steelmaking or for outside storage because of its potential for causing environmental problems. In recent years industrialized nations have put increasing pressure on the manufacturers to either use such waste products or properly dispose of them. In this study, solutions to both the iron recovery and disposal problem were attempted by pelletizing the pyrite fines with internal carbon. The pellets, after hydrothermal hardening, were reduced and melted in a furnace for hot metal production. Hot metal of usuable quality was produced and the hazardous materials were either collected with the fumes or in the slag.

Jan 1, 1984

By Y. S. Sun, P. Gao

"In this investigation, a pilot-scale suspension magnetization roasting reactor was introduced and used to enhance magnetic properties of an iron ore. Consequently, the effects of roasting temperature, reducing gas CO flow rate and fluidizing gas N2 flow rate on the magnetization roasting performance were investigated. The results indicate that the hematite and siderite are almost completely converted into magnetite by a gas mixture of 3.5 Nm3/h CO and 2 Nm3/h N2 at roasting temperature of 520 °C. Under the optimized conditions, the magnetic iron concentrate with an iron grade of 60.18% and iron recovery of 90.17% was achieved. The XRD and Fe mineral phase analyses revealed that most of the hematite and siderite were converted to magnetite, and the magnetic properties were greatly enhanced. INTRODUCTION The steel and iron industry in China has rapidly developed in recent years requiring a large quantity of iron ores. Low-grade and complex iron ores are currently the overwhelmingly dominant mineral resource for iron in China. Therefore, China depends on imported iron ore resources heavily, resulting in an increase in the production costs of iron-making and steel-making[1-3]. Using domestic resources to produce a steady supply of high-quality iron ores is an important step toward the sustainable development of the steel and iron industry[4-5]. The iron ore from Jiuquan iron and steel company is abundant and recognized as typically complex iron ore resources in China. Magnetization roasting followed by low-intensity magnetic separation has been proven as the most feasible methods to upgrade refractory iron ore[6-10]. In present research, an innovative roasting technology, namely suspension magnetization roasting, was developed and applied to recover iron from a typical refractory iron ore. Suspension magnetization roasting technique and equipment developed by Prof. Yuexin Han’s Group at Northeastern University (NEU) is an effective way for the utilization of refractory iron ore. The advent of suspension magnetization roasting will, in China and even globally, produce a significant technological revolution in the field of iron ore beneficiation. Based on the previous works, this paper mainly described experiments on the separation and recovery of iron from a complex refractory iron ore by means of suspension magnetizing roasting and low-intensity magnetic separation processes. The purpose of the research is providing a new technology for effective utilization of refractory iron ore. Process parameters that affected the separation and recovery rate of iron were conducted and optimized, and the reaction process was analyzed by XRD and Fe mineral phase analysis."

Jan 1, 2018