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By Harry J. Evans

DURING the fury of the conflict it was believed quite generally that World War II was being fought for and would accomplish a permanent peace. Yet, before the guns were actually stilled on all fronts, the American people realized that the devastated world would continue to be dominated by suspicion and uncertainty. The misunderstandings which rapidly developed indicated that it may prove unwise to rely wholly on mutual international agreements and contracts to avoid war. Before the celebrations of V-Day died down serious thought was being given toward measures for preparedness for the next conflict. Along with a realization of the enormous loss of life caused by the destructive forces of war, the American people came to understand the seriousness of the rapid and unwarranted depletion of our natural resources. During the last half of 1945 the question of stock-piling strategic and critical raw materials for a future national emergency became an intensely live subject.

Jan 1, 1946

By P Holtham, K Duffy, W Valery, A Jankovic

In the face of increasing energy costs, limited water resources, more stringent legislation, and lower feed grades, the mining industry is searching for more sustainable technologies and practices. Metso Process Technology and Innovation (PTI) is undertaking a research project, ‘improving the resource and eco-efficiency of mining operations’, to help the industry meet these challenges. The project is investigating alternatives in mining and processing that reduce energy and water consumption, minimise emissions and waste, and maximise the value recovered from the deposit. The targets are to reduce energy usage by more than 30 per cent and greenhouse gas emissions by more than 50 per cent compared to current practice.Key areas of interest were identified across mining and processing operations. These were grouped into the following interrelated work areas for investigation: high intensity selective blasting, in-pit crushing and conveying, preconcentration, energy efficient comminution circuits and technologies, coarse particle flotation, and water recovery optimisation. Investigations have included reviews of industrial data, modelling, simulation, and laboratory and pilot scale trials. In some areas industrial scale trials will commence shortly. This paper discusses the investigations and key findings from the project so far; highlighting the possibilities for reducing energy consumption, water usage and carbon emissions. A particular mining process may incorporate any combination of the alternatives identified and requires tailored solutions based on a detailed understanding of the ore deposit, the process and local conditions. The focus is on improving resource efficiency; creating more value with less impact and consequently a better economic return from the available resource. Technologies exist today that can transform mining into a more efficient industry for tomorrow.CITATION:Duffy, K, Valery, W, Jankovic, A and Holtham, P, 2015. Resource efficient mining processes of tomorrow, in Proceedings Third International Future Mining Conference, pp 227–238 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Nov 4, 2015

By Northcutt Ely

This volume summarizes mining and petroleum legislation in 45 African jurisdictions. Within these jurisdictions, primary attention is given to requirements that must be met in each country for acquisition of rights to permit development of mineral resources. Coverage includes: First, identification of the controlling laws or statutes governing minerals acquisition and reference to the administrative authority; second, analysis of the laws governing mines and quarries and their products; third, analysis of laws applicable to natural gas, petroleum, and related materials; and fourth, mention of laws regulating offshore operations. Where pertinent, sections dealing with historical background or administration have been added. In countries where minerals are subject to control of states or provinces, those areas are considered separately from the central government.

Jan 1, 1974

By William O. Vanderburg

This paper 3/gives the results of a reconnaissance of mining districts in Clark County, Nev., made from November 18 to December 22, 1936, and from February 9 to March 8, 1937-in all, 63 days. While the field work Was being done, virtually all of the mining districts in the county were visited and many data on active and inactive properties were obtained. The report covers the locations of the various mining districts, the nature of the deposits, information on past operations, current activity, and general data likely to be useful to operators, investors, and others interested in mining. The geology of the deposits is discussed only briefly. The principal metal-mining districts in the county are Goodsprings, Eldorado, and Searchlight. The zinc-lead ores of Goodsprings have been the most important economically, followed by the gold-silver ores of Eldorado and Searchlight. In the industrial-mineral field, gypsum, limestone, silica sand, and borates are the principal products. Metal mining in the county is characterized by numerous small operations and the ores are either milled locally or shipped to distant smelters.

Jan 1, 1937

By K. C. Corin, Z. G. Song, J. G. Wiese

In the present investigation flotation was used as a diagnostic to understand the effects of changes to the media during the grinding stage. The observations from flotation for different media are discussed in terms of particle size distribution, water recovery, solid recovery and valuable mineral recovery. The chemical parameters; pH, redox potential (Eh) and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels were measured. A Base Metal Sulphide (BMS) ore was ground under media of different shapes and compositions to determine the effect of different rod/ball material on the flotation performance of the ore. For a given grind (D80 = 75 µm), media shape had no effect on flotation performance of a BMS ore. Different grinding media had significant effect on slurry chemical properties and flotation performance. Mild steel rods (RMMS) produced the highest solids recovery, nickel and pyrrhotite (Po) recovery, with the highest ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) extractable iron and the lowest DO level. Chrome steel balls and stainless steel rods produced the lowest metal recovery, EDTA extractable iron and the highest DO level. A complementary study was conducted to investigate the effect of using different grinding media compositions, viz, ceramic, forged steel, 15% chrome steel, stainless steel and a mixture of stainless steel and 15% chrome steel (50:50) balls were investigated using a Platinum Group Mineral (PGM), UG2 ore. Grinding products of five different media produced the same solids and water recovery, but the grades and recoveries of Platinum Group Elements (PGE) and chromite were different. Grinding products of ceramic media showed the best flotation performance, with the highest PGE recovery and the lowest Cr2O3 recovery. While grinding products of stainless steel balls (SS) produced the lowest PGE recovery and highest Cr2O3 grade and recovery in the concentrates.

Jan 1, 2016

By D Will

RedrossThe Redross orebody averages 1 m wide, has a strike of 50 - 350 m, dips at 55° and has a basalt footwall and an ultramafic hanging wall. The most successful and innovative aspects of mining Redross were:•ore development innovations, 90 per cent of development was split fired with a shanty back profile to enable larger and more productive equipment to be used and resulted in higher development grades, improved project payback time and improved ore recovery;•hand held stoping using a multiple level, bottom up ‘V’ shaped hand held stoping method that allowed mining on multiple levels with hand held productivities between 50 and 90 tonnes per shift;•the use of 1 m cement pillars and 7 m high crown pillars were used to create multiple mining areas that enabled high overall production rates from hand held mining this orebody; and•the use of vertical cement pillars to enable hand held mining of adjacent stopes without leaving ore pillars.MarinersThe Mariners orebody averages 3 m wide, has a strike length of 50 - 250 m and dips at 50° with a basalt footwall and poor ultramafic hanging wall. The most successful innovative ideas of re-opening Mariners were:•Dewatering the existing mine workings utilising ‘oilfield’ technology by installing a long submersible pump in on existing pump rising main. This enabled the mine to be dewatered at rates up to 100l/ sec and helped overcome the 45 to 55 L/s inflows.•Overcoming the technical problems associated with Mining N07 ore blocks which had severely deteriorated from being underwater for five years by using reverse firing techniques to improve extraction rates and reduce dilution.•Mass firing a large mining block in the N08 with minimal void space because of deteriorating ground conditions.•Use of a longhole version of the Redross hand held mining method to achieve 100 per cent extraction of the N09 higher grade lenses.

Mar 21, 2011

By Y. S. Roditis

A new method for interpolating a block model is proposed, where both the diamond drill holes (DHs) and blast holes (BHs) data are used. Combining these data types poses a geostatistical "class size" problem due to the different statistical properties of the densely populated BHs and the sparsely populated DH data. This paper discusses how linear regression was used to adjust the DH values prior to the interpolation to account for the "class size" problem which is inherent to the procedure. The correlation between the BHs and the DHs is found. The DHs are then corrected based on the regression line. Each block that falls within a certain range of influence of a blast hole is assigned a different code and is interpolated with the combined BH and regressed DH data set. Blocks that fall outside the range of blast hole influence are interpolated using the original DH data set. A comparison against other methods, indicate a 12% improvement over using DHs only and a 2% improvement over using BHs only.

Jan 1, 1992

By J. W. Parkinson

With most of the coal currently mined in the eastern U.S. already requiring cleaning to meet electric utility coal specifications, the question remains how medium- and high-sulfur coal producers will provide the even better quality coal expected to be demanded if pending acid rain legislation is enacted. One emerging approach is to crush the coal to liberate additional ash and sulfur so that better quality coal can be produced at equal yields. This paper discusses how to measure liberation. the premiums the utility market is willing to pay for lower sulfur coal, and a staged middlings crushing scheme that promises the benefits of total raw coal crushing but at lower costs. For some coals, cautious application of liberation concepts may be the only way to produce a product that can be quality and cost competitive in the future utility coal market.

Jan 1, 1988

By D. M. Clippinger, J. J. Eidel, J. E. Frost

At Ithaca Peak, one of three peaks situated on Duval Corporation's Mineral Park property, a 'Single pulse of quartz monzonite magma intruded the isoclinally folded Precambrian Cerbat complex consisting of schist, quartzfeldspar gneiss, and amphibolite. The magma reacted with the Precambrian rocks, yielding a quartz-diorite rim. As the magma crystallized within the rim, it produced, progressing in'ward, annular bodies of quartz monzonite porphyry, quartz porphyry, and a distinctive quartz porphyry containing abundant podiform, tabular, and irregular quartz masses. These quartz masses are spatially associated with discontinuous crenulate and tabular quartz veinlets. Following crystallization, the Ithaca Peak stock and part of the surrounding Cerbat complex were fractured, producing a stockwork of predominantly northwest and northeast-trending fractures. The stockwork was then mineralized during a period of decreasing temperature by: ( 1) quartz-pyritechalcopyrite veinlets without distinct selvages and with distinct alteration envelopes in which orthoclase was altered to quartz and sericite; (2) quartz-pyrite-chalcopyrite veins and veinlets with distinct selvages and without distinct alteration envelopes; and (3) pyrite-chalcopyrite- galena-sphalerite veins. The Ithaca Peak stock was pervasively sericitized or argillized. The Mineral Park property is surrounded by a zone of propylitization Alteration and mineralization are coextensive in space and were, at least in part, coincident in time. The Mineral Park property possibly was elevated and exposed twice prior to its present exposure. The protore has been enriched by a factor of three. The Ithaca Peak supergene ore body is conformable with present topography and lies above the present water table. The shape of the ore body was controlled by erosion and oxidation of the previously enriched mineralization. Hematite, goethite, and jarosite present at the surface indicate a high primary pyrite environment, but it is possible to recognize that a small proportion of veins and veinlets contained greater amounts of chalcocite and chalcopyrite than pyrite. The igneous facies on Ithaca Peak are the products of differentiation within a solidifying rim according to Bowen's Reaction series. The innermost facies contain more quartz and orthoclase than the outer facies. Late magmatic quartz in the case of Ithaca Peak contains small amounts of pyrite and molybdenite. It is suggested that this quartz-sulfide mineralization, may also have been the product of differentiation the product of differentiation, may indicate that the later hydrothermal mineralization may also have been the product of differentiation.

Jan 1, 1968

By M I. Roberts

Corporate and workplace culture, as many owners, directors, executives and managers know, is by far the most powerful determinant of productivity. It’s much more significant than buildings and equipment. Yet although no one today would build a building or machine without a plan, few leaders have a plan for building and sustaining a safer and more productive culture.Using practical ways, culture can be planned and shaped as desired. Success requires implementing a project plan for changing the systems that drive behaviours that in turn shape attitudes. The combination of behaviour and attitude together with leadership largely shape culture.To improve performance, leaders need to:1. improve the organisational systems that drive behaviour2. action a project plan for improving specific performance metrics 3. demonstrate leadership that is conscious, disciplined, committed and passionate for purposeful use of human energy.This paper explains all three factors in practical ways with operational and corporate examples. It details understanding and applying the power of fundamental statistical analysis tools to recalibrate, focus and drive proactive leadership that takes responsibility for process improvement, supporting people and ensuring accountability.Experience and practical understanding of human and organisational behaviour confirm that the Measurement ? Analysis ? Reporting system combined with conscious leadership is by far the most powerful driver of behaviour. This wisdom produces profound changes in leadership style and behaviour. It develops outstanding leadership to create and sustain a safe and highly productive culture reliably producing consistently high quality products. It is the key to developing accountability, employee retention and a sustained competitive advantage.CITATION:Roberts, M I, 2016. Building safe, productive cultures and leadership, in Proceedings International Mine Management Conference, pp 163-178 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Jun 22, 2016

By Guohua Bai, Mingjun Rao, Jianchen Lim, Guanghui Li, Tao Jiang

"By using thermogravimetry, optical microscope and chemical phase analysis, the solid-state reduction of carbon-burdened chromite pellets in the absence and presence of additives were investigated. The effects of reduction temperature, reduction time and additives on the metallization of chromite pellet were studied. The results indicate that the pre-reduction ratio of carbon-burdened chromite pellets is improved with the increase of reduction temperature and the addition of additives. The metallization of chromium is increased from 63.9% to 92.8% at 1300 °C for 4h with the addition of 2 wt.% of sodium borate. Investigation suggests that the reduction of carbon-burdened chromite pellets is diffusion controlled. The apparent activation energy without additive is 192.1 kJ/mol, while it decreases to 170.4 kJ/mol in the present sodium borate.IntroductionFerrochrome is used to produce high strength, corrosion resistant, wear-resisting, high temperature resistant and oxidation resistant special steels, and it is becoming one of the most important alloy materials for the production of stainless and high alloying ferritic steels [1-5]. Demand for ferrochrome is steadily on the rise due to the growth of stainless steel industry. Nowadays, more than 80% of the world's ferrochrome is utilized in the production of stainless steel [6-7].Ferrochrome is mainly produced in submerged-arc furnaces (SAF) with chromite lump ore. However, lump ore merely accounts for 20% of the chromite ore output, while fine ore (< 8 mm) accounts for about 80% [8]. Therefore, agglomeration of chromite fine ore is necessary before charging into SAF."

Jan 1, 2011

By G M. Jones, J Rademan

Debswana, owned by the Government of the Republic of Botswana (GRB) and De Beers in a 50:50 joint venture partnership, operates the Jwaneng diamond mine in Botswana - the most valuable diamond mine in the world. The mine provides between 60 - 70 per cent of DebswanaÆs earnings, and about 30 - 40 per cent of the GRBÆs income. In 2008, the company embarked on the Cut 8 Project - an open pit waste cut-back to expose more diamond bearing ore to sustain mine life by another six to seven years. This undertaking was much larger than previous cut-backs; it increased the waste stripping ratio threefold, increasing significantly the waste handling fleet of trucks, shovels and infrastructure, and impacted a large part of the materials handling plant which required replacement with new facilities. The project coincided with the beginning of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and a slowdown in the economy. Its $4 billion total life cost was billed as æthe largest private investment project in BotswanaÆ which produced heightened expectations amongst stakeholders that it would redress some of the issues brought about by the GFC and leave behind a legacy of jobs, increased opportunities for citizen owned business and improved social infrastructure.Most of the big project challenges were non-technical and ranged from dealing with various stakeholders?at?all levels, a 25 per cent currency depreciation of the Botswana Pula against the South African Rand, obtaining work permits for non-citizens in a job starved environment, managing construction to world class safety standards, managing the low productivity of construction workers and producing a viable legacy program that satisfied the GRB and stakeholders. Whilst most of these risks were identified in front end studies, the magnitudes were in many instances underestimated. Managing this uncertainty on Cut 8 can provide valuable lessons to other projects in a similar environment, or at least provide the information to indicate that these factors should be adequately provided for in the financial evaluation of a project in the form of budget, schedule, contingency or risk mitigation.CITATION:Jones, G M and J Rademan, 2012. Reliability of expert judgements and uncertainty assessments, in Proceedings Project Evaluation 2012 , pp 109-116 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

May 24, 2012

By R. H. Sprute

The Federal Bureau of Mines conducted full-scale field tests in electro-kinetic dewatering and consolidation of slimes in cooperation with the Hecla Mining Co. at two of the firm&apos;s underground mines in north Idaho. To test the technique on new deposits, 4,000 ft3 of slimes from a collection sump, pumped into a watertight stope equipped with electrodes, were treated in two steps. Immediately after placement, direct current was applied using a floating electrode to hasten settlement of suspended fine particles. After removal of clarified water, the residue was further dewatered and hardened with electrokinetic treatment. In 25 hours, the material had become firm and dense with a surface capable of supporting workmen. In testing old deposits, 10,000 ft3 of slimes, placed in an unused tail drift 10 to 12 months previously, were treated. This material was sufficiently consolidated by electrokinetics to allow its removal from the mine with standard ore-handling equipment. In both tests, electrokinetic treatment densified slimes in a relatively short time with moderate power consumption.

Jan 1, 1976

By M K. Kapo, S C. Nzama

The success of a mining operation depends on the quality of data used in decision-making processes and the people involved in making operational decisions. At Olympic Dam, mine geologists form an integral part of the teams that make decisions at various key points in the mine operational value chain. Mine geologists are directly and indirectly involved in all stages of the mining process, namely, orebody definition and categorisation, mine design and planning, metallurgical processing, and reconciliation.Due to the sheer size and complexity of the Olympic Dam deposit, each mining stage has been divided into smaller units within which decisions are made in line with the overall mine operational plan. In each of these units, the decisions and inputs made by mine geologists has ensured that consideration of geological factors is made in the mining process. Over time, the mine geology team has demonstrated a systematic approach in the development and improvement of their processes in line with the mine’s operational needs, such as understanding the in-stope ore variability and maintaining a consistent ore feed to the plant. An understanding and interpretation of the mineralisation distribution, based on acquired data, has proven to be important in the definition of resource modelling parameters. These parameters in turn affect the quality of grade estimates and their downstream use in planning, production and subsequent reconciliation processes. The continual study of the geology of the deposit, and unravelling its complexity through research has been crucial to the metals extraction process. The involvement of mine geologists through each of the mine value processes places Olympic Dam in a favourable position to benefit from future opportunities that will take advantage of the increasing operational demands and production pressures, and the ever changing economic conditions.This paper reviews the role mine geologists play in the realisation of the Olympic Dam deposit, from ore to product, through their interaction and collaboration with other departments and stakeholders. This paper also highlights mining practices employed at the Olympic Dam mine.CITATION:Nzama, S C and Kapo, M K, 2014. Managing the giant – a mine geologist’s perspective to the mining of the Olympic Dam deposit, in Proceedings Ninth International Mining Geology Conference 2014 , pp 451–460 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Aug 18, 2014

By F. V. Meriwether

The Bureau of Mines, in cooperation with the Federal, State, and local health services, and the mining companies, and miners? organizations, has for several years been carrying on sanitary surveys of mining districts in various states, with the purpose of collecting information on good and poor practices in mine sanitation, construction of approved wash-houses and change houses, the measures being taken to combat preventable diseases, the essential features of good houses for mining towns, and other conditions affecting the health and efficiency of miners and their families. The knowledge thus gained is disseminated for the common benefit of the mining industry. The sanitary conditions in the coal-mining districts of Alabama, as found by a recent survey made by the writer, are presented in this report. In addition to the towns on which this report is chiefly based, at least twice as many were visited where no details :were taken, but their general conditions are taken into consideration in summing conditions in the coal districts.

Jan 1, 1926

By J. E. Gill

Introduction During the past summer, detailed geological mapping was extended to cover the entire group of 31 claims owned by Waite-Ackerman-Montgomery Mines, Ltd., and considerable new information was revealed by development and exploratory work underground. These new facts provide a more complete view of the lithology and structure of the area than has heretofore been available. They also necessitate revision of certain interpretations presented last year by Peale (l), and have served to straighten out some of the problems suggested by Porritt (2). The purpose of this paper is to outline in a broad way the relations as now understood and to discuss in detail certain points which should be of interest to members of the Institute. Maps and records by the mine staff have been freely used in arriving at the interpretation presented in the following pages. The writers are especially indebted to Mr. R. V. Porritt, the mine manager, with whom many of the problems touched upon were discussed on the ground and whose intimate knowledge of the geology of the underground workings aided greatly in testing various hypotheses. The writers have profited greatly, also, from close association with Dr. W. F. James during the course of the work. Permission to publish the included data has very kindly been given .by the management.

Jan 1, 1932

By Lloyd Williams, James R. Boyle

The mining methods and practices used at the Young zinc mine, American Zinc Co. of Tennessee, have resulted in a low-cost, high-yield operation. Zinc ore (sphalerite) occurs in limes tone- dolomi te beds of the Kingsport Formation and is mined by modified room and pillar method. Utilizing trackless mining equipment which incorporates a high degree of flexibility, this operation has had a steady increase in productivity.

Nov 1, 1964

By Brian G. White

The Coeur d&apos;Alene Mining District of northern Idaho is remarkable for its number of large ore bodies and for the amount of its historical production of lead, zinc and silver (Fig. 1). Since veins were first discovered in 1884, more than 127 Mt (140 million st) of ore have been produced from narrow, high-grade veins. Mining continues at the Lucky Friday, Galena and Sunshine mines (Fig. 2). All have been in production for decades. At these mines, more efficient mining and exploration techniques have reduced costs while adding significant new reserves. Even the old Bunker Hill Mine, where ore was first found in 1875, continues operation on a limited basis, partly involving production of world-class pyromorphite specimens. Until recently, the Coeur Mine was also a profitable silver producer. Other large producers have included the Star-Morning, Hecla, Page, Standard-Mammoth, Hercules and Gold Hunter mines (Fig. 2). The first deposits were discovered by prospectors who spilled over from the Murray gold mining district, 24 km (15 miles) to the north. The Bunker Hill Mine was founded the year after the first veins were discovered. Bunker Hill has now operated for more than 100 years. Production includes 2.3 Mt (2.6 million st) of lead, 1.1 Mt (1.2 million st) of zinc and 4.1 kt (132 million oz) of silver. Total district production through 1996 (Springer, 1997) amounted to 7.3 Mt (8.1 million st) of lead, 3 Mt (3.3 million st) of zinc, and 34.5 kt (1.109 billion oz) of silver. This record establishes the district as the largest recorded producer of silver in the world, while also yielding major quantities of lead and zinc. Only Potosi, Bolivia, may have produced more silver, although records are unclear. Despite the district&apos;s longevity, historic production and current activity, the published literature on the district lags behind with regard to recent concepts of district geology. The most recent comprehensive US Geological Sur- vey (USGS) bulletins (Hobbs et al., 1965; Fryklund, 1964) are dated. Much research in the last half century has been short-lived or geographically restricted because the district is large and its geology is complex - and even this research tends to remain unpublished. Thus, it has been difficult for in- [ ]

Jan 1, 1998

By Roorda H. J, R. R. Saddington, Curlook W

THE copper-nickel sulfide ore deposits of the International Nickel Company of Canada, Limited contain the minerals pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite. In the extraction of the nickel, copper, and iron, much of the processing involves oxidation of the metals as well as sulfur. Roasting plays a predominant role at several stages in the operations which prepare the constituent metals for refining. Copper, nickel and iron concentrates of various grades, ranging from low-grade nickeliferous pyrrhotite to high-grade nickel sulfide, must be partially or completely oxidized. Figure 1 shows the main points at which roasting is conducted at INCO. Roasting experience at INCO dates back to the time when lump ore was partially roasted in heaps. It has progressed through single hearth roasters, sinter machines, multiple-hearth roasters, flash roasters, and more recently has centered on the development and utilization of fluid bed roasters. The primitive, slow, and inefficient method of heap

Jan 1, 1961

By E Widzyk-Capehart, C Hölck Teuber, S Steffen, V Rivero, O Fredes, E Sanchez, I Pedemonte, N Gonzalez

This paper summarises the research, development and initial application of a sensing platform that has the potential to monitor subsurface deformations, pore pressure and other variables simultaneously to gain a better understanding of rock mass behaviour. The platform is based on Networked Smart Markers (NSMs) devices, which, with their ability for wireless communication between individual sensors and the possibility of real-time data acquisition and processing, will assist in the development of predictive tools to better assess rock mass behaviour.A good opportunity to implement this technology is in the specific application of transitioning from an open pit mine to an underground caving operation. One of the key elements to maintaining the mining business during such a transition is having a good understanding of the unique geotechnical conditions of mutual influence created during the open pit to underground interaction. The knowledge acquisition will require the implementation of a robust platform for geotechnical monitoring, which could be enhanced by incorporating the NSMs. The integration of sensors within the NSMs would enable the collection of additional data about rock mass behaviour (ie caving propagation and crown pillar fracturing), which could be used to improve the management of mining operations and, specifically, allow the development of reliable predictive tools based on the data collected.CITATION:Widzyk-Capehart, E, H&#246;lck Teuber, C, Fredes, O, Rivero, V, Sanchez, E, Pedemonte, I, Gonzalez, N and Steffen, S, 2016. Understanding rock mass behaviour through the development of an integrated sensing platform, in Proceedings Seventh International Conference and Exhibition on Mass Mining (MassMin 2016), pp 275–284 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

May 9, 2016