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By R. Jacobs, R. E. L. Pobe

The Moab Khotsong Metallurgical Complex comprises a gold recovery circuit (Noligwa Gold Plant) and a uranium recovery circuit (South Uranium Plant). The metallurgical complex employs the reverse leach technology for the recovery of uranium; specifically, uranium extraction prior to gold using acid leaching processing. The inherent uranium species in the ore are uraninite, coffinite and brannerite. The slurry that has been subjected to the uranium leach is further subjected to solid-liquid separation to separate the uranium in a solution through counter-current decantation and the solids (solids carrying all the gold), which are repulped and returned to the gold plant for gold processing. The uranium leaching process is critical to the uranium playing a pivotal role as a value adding by-product to the gold operation. The benefit of adopting this reverse leach process, for improved gold recovery, is that it exposes gold particles occluded within the uranium matrices and avails them for cyanidation. However, the drive for operational efficiency in uranium extraction must be weighed against the incremental operating cost against the backdrop of depressed spot uranium market prices. Over the years, efforts were directed at maintaining the benefit of extracting uranium to enhance gold recovery and simultaneously, optimising the operating cost model for the uranium operation to remain relevant to the gold operation. The aim of this paper and the corresponding presentation is to give an account of the uranium processing optimisation journey embarked on over the years; namely, the operational tradeoffs made in the process of ensuring that uranium continues to add value to the gold operation. These challenges were faced while striking a fine balance between processing cost and operational efficiencies against the prevailing depressed uranium spot market prices. Mineralogical- and laboratory tests conducted form the support basis for the results and observations articulated in the paper. Keywords: By-products, gold extraction, reverse leach benefit, uranium extraction

Jan 1, 2020

By L. C. Karrick

The Bureau of Nines has received many inquiries on the subject of assaying oil-shales, both from individuals who desire to wake their own assay while in the field, and also from Commercial assayers and investigators. The present paper describes the assay retort used by the Bureau of Mines. in the research work on oil-shales now in progress at the Intermountain Experiment Station of the Bureau at Salt Lake City, Utah, and at the Colorado cooperative oil-shale laboratory, Boulder, Colorado. This retort, which was developed through experimentation in the bureau's laboratories, has been found to be convenient in use and. capable of yielding reproducible results. M. J. Gavin, Oil-Shale Technologist, gave valuable assistance in preparing the subject matter for publication and made many helpful suggestions during the experiments made by the writer in the course of the development of the assay retort. L. A. Anderson, research "fellow" University of Utah, assisted in the preliminary development of the assay retort.

Jan 1, 1921

By R. H. McCorkell

"Sample drops were evaporated on Lexan disks on which fission tracks were etched and counted after neutron irradiation. [U] = 0.01 ppb could be measured. This method is rapid, cheap, simple and accurate when sufficient control and checking is possible, but several types of error were encountered in its use, the natures and sources of which were investigated but not always determined. The most troublesome were ""annealing"" processes which sometimes altered the fission tracks so that they were not fully revealed, or acquired varying appearances, after etching. Several different annealing processes seemed to exist and seemed to be produced by alteration of the Lexan surface by dissolved components in the solutions and, perhaps, by radiation and local heating during neutron irradiation. The appearances of the etched tracks varied with the natures of the droplet solutions even when annealing appeared to be absent, and for this reason, standards are best prepared by additions of known amounts of U to sample solutions. Contamination of sample droplets by U-containing dust from the air is best avoided by preparing the disks away from areas where other U-analysis is being carried out.IntroductionFission tracks are regions of radiation dam age produced in solids by the fission of atoms such as 235U. They can be enlarged to sizes visible through optical microscopes by etching surfaces through which they pass with solvents in which the solids are slightly soluble. A sample to be analyzed for U may be placed against a film of a solid of negligible uranium concentration (the track detector) and irradiated with thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor to fission 235U. The track detector is then etched and the number of tracks per unit area, ?, which is proportional to the uranium concentration of the sample, c, and the neutron do se, n, is found by counting through a microscope. Uranium in solutions ha s been measured by evaporating drops on track detectors, irradiating, etching and determining the number of tracks per drop, T(2,3,4,5). Extensive test s of this method are reported here."

Jan 1, 1983

By Richard J. Mainiero

The Bureau of Mines conducted research to evaluate the optimum design for a rock-breaking explosive charge that could be fired unconfined in a gassy or dusty coal mine without the danger of igniting the flammable atmosphere. Charges of various shapes, with and without cavities, were tested in a gallery using 3-by 3-by l-ft concrete blocks as simulated boulders. For these tests the optimum charge, in terms of cost, weight, and convenience in handling, consisted of a flat l-1/2-lb charge of permissible explosive seven-eighths of an inch thick and 7 in in diameter encased in a l/2-in thick layer of fine salt (NaCI). This work demonstrated that it should be possible to produce an inexpensive explosive rock-breaker charge that would be safe to use in underground coal mines.

Jan 1, 1982

By Neal Cochran

I consider it a distinct privilege to be afforded the opportunity of discussing the program of the Office of Coal Research. The principal activities I will be discussing are concerned with projects that fall in the utilization area. I will, to be sure, touch on other activities of the Office of Coal Research but am not equipped to discuss these activities in great detail. Research activities of the Office of Coal Research are conducted on a contract basis with commercial, academic, and non-profit institutions. We do not operate any laboratories of our own but we do maintain a very small staff for technical and administrative supervision of our contractors. We have consistently attempted to interest outstanding, creative, and practical research organizations in our program. We are constantly seeking the imaginative new idea that will materially reduce the cost of mining coal, transporting it, or will process it into a more convenient and useable form. In assessing proposals and in developing our program, we search for the improvements that will develop large-scale new uses for coal or coal products or those that support these new uses.

Jan 1, 1963

By S Wilkinson, S Black, L van den Berg

"The mine ventilation system plays an important role in mitigating human exposure to diesel particulate emissions (DPM), exhaust gases and heat in underground mines. The mine’s secondary ventilation systems are critical for diluting contaminants when working at the face of a heading. To improve these systems it is important to understand and visualise the localised air flow profiles. We have considered an approach that includes both tracer gas measurement–modelling to analyse this complex flow behaviour in a heading. The use of tracer gas enables reliable measurements of flow behaviour and differentiation between the contributions of various contaminant sources including DPM. A pilot study was conducted to demonstrate how tracer gas can be used to directly measure the effectiveness of ventilation dilution in a heading during shotcrete activity. This activity is considered to be one of the more challenging areas for diesel exhaust exposure management. Exposure sources include the diesel engine of the spraying equipment (Spraymech) and concrete agitator truck (Agi) that supplies the shotcrete. During operation both the Spraymech and Agi operators are located outside the equipment’s air-conditioned cabins and both are exposed to diesel exhaust. In the pilot study tracer gas was injected directly into the Spraymech exhaust stream. This allowed thorough mixing, ensuring the tracer gas was able to track exhaust gases and particulates released to the heading. The release was repeated at three different headings with varying degrees of secondary ventilation controls. The study showed that small changes to the secondary ventilation system can significantly impact the contaminant concentration. It also demonstrated that tracer gas can be used to isolate different contaminant sources. The intent is to use this technique in a more comprehensive study to develop best practice guidelines for secondary ventilation installations. This paper presents the technique used and the preliminary results from the pilot study. CITATION: Wilkinson, S, van den Berg, L and Black, S, 2015. Application of tracer gas flow profiling to improve secondary ventilation practice – a pilot study, in Proceedings The Australian Mine Ventilation Conference, pp 345–352 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne)."

Aug 31, 2015

By R. R. Smith

The meaning of the title, "Blank Piece of Paper," refers to the need for management to take a completely fresh viewpoint to the problems facing our industry. These problems are so severe and some so new that conventional thinking may not be adequate to resolve them. Innovation has to be a part of every company's approach to the solutions, our concept is to start with a "Blank Piece of Paper.' The objective of 'this paper is to outline steps which can be taken to improve the profitability of a mining business. This is not an examination of technical solutions to individual problems, but rather recommendations for overall change in management thinking. This philosophy is based on our actual, hands-on experience in major open pit operations worldwide over the past 25 years.

Jan 1, 1987

By J. D. Miller

Air-sparged hydrocyclone (ASH) flotation is a high-capacity flotation technology originally developed in the Department of Metallurgical Engineering at the University of Utah for processing mineral resources. However, the technology has been found to be useful in industrial waste processing, in the recycle of secondary resources, and in remediation of environmental problems. For example, areas in which the ASH technology is expected to have potential application include cleaning of waste coal fines, air stripping to remove volatile organics from drinking and process water, water disinfection by ozone or chlorine sparging, dispersed oil removal from water, and contaminated soil remediation. Recently, the ASH has been studied extensively for deinking flotation in the wastepaper recycling industry and has been shown to have excellent efficiency/capacity. In fact, a 20-million-dollar plant has been in operation since June 1992. The ASH technology can provide a specific capacity hundreds of times more than that which can be achieved with conventional flotation equipment and in certain instances is expected to provide superior separation efficiencies when compared to other technologies. The design and principles of ASH flotation are described. Experimental data for fine coal flotation, volatile organics stripping, and deinking flotation for paper recycle are presented and discussed. Finally, other potential areas of application for environmental technology are considered.

Jan 1, 1993

By J. Helton, J. L. Bellanca, M. McNinch, L. R. Swanson

DISCLAIMER The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH. ABSTRACT Accident data indicates that mobile haulage poses a significant pinning, crushing, and striking risk. Proximity detection systems (PDSs) have the potential to protect mineworkers from these risks. However, unintended consequences of mobile PDSs can undermine the safety benefit they provide. Soliciting iterative user input can improve the design process. Users help provide a critical understanding of how mobile PDSs may hinder normal operation and endanger mineworkers. Researchers explored users’ perspectives by conducting interviews with mineworkers from seven mines that have installed mobile PDSs on some of their haulage equipment. Mineworkers reported that mobile PDSs affect loading, tramming, section setup, maintenance, and general work on the section. Mineworkers discussed the operational effects and increased burden, exposure, and risk. Mineworkers also suggested that improved task compatibility, training, logistics, and PDS performance might help address some of these identified issues. This paper also gives additional insights into mobile PDS design and implementation. INTRODUCTION Pinning, crushing, and striking accidents are a large problem in underground coal mines, especially for mobile haulage. Between 1984 and 2014 there were 179 non-fatal and 42 fatal pinning, crushing, and striking accidents involving mobile haulage vehicles, including coal hauling machines and scoops [1]. Proximity detection systems (PDSs)—automated systems that decelerate and stop a vehicle in order to prevent a collision—have the potential to protect mineworkers in these situations. In fact, PDSs are now required on all place change continuous mining machines as of March 16, 2018, as a result of the final rule published in January 2015 (30 CFR 75.1732) [2]. To address mobile haulage, later in 2015 the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) also proposed a new rule that would require PDSs on mobile haulage vehicles [3]. Though there has been no additional actions related to the proposed rule and it is not currently required, mobile PDS can still help to save lives. MSHA estimates that the adoption of mobile PDSs could prevent approximately 70 injuries and 15 fatalities over the next 10 years [4]. As of June 2015, the underground coal industry had already equipped 155 of the 2,116 mobile haulage vehicles in use [1]. In order to capitalize on the projected safety gains afforded by PDSs, it is important that the systems are designed and implemented effectively. Along with others, researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) have been exploring PDSs for more than two decades [5-7]. Throughout this time, NIOSH has also held several stakeholder meetings (2010, 2014, 2016, and 2017) in order to disseminate information and provide an opportunity to discuss on ongoing issues and concerns. Despite some progress, human factors remain a key concern. Previous research examined mineworkers’ attitudes towards PDSs on continuous mining machines [8] as well as how continuous miner operators’ perceptions of risk have changed as a result of PDSs [7]. However, stakeholders have still expressed a need to better understand how mobile PDSs affect the mining process, the mineworker, and whether and how they may present previously unidentified risks.

Jan 1, 2019

By Bodnaras G. E, Sceresini P. A

The Filblast Cyanidation Process incorporates the advantages of intense high shear mixing, high dissolved oxygen concentration and high pressure to achieve extremely rapid gold dissolution rates. This is made possible by the unique design of the Filblast gas shear reactor. The reactor is a rugged and compact in-line device. The outer casing is protected by a polyurethane coating and the internal parts are of wear resistant polymer. The largest unit built to-date has overall dimensions of 1200 mm length by 300 mm diameter and has a capacity of 150 dry tonnes per hour at 40 - 45 per cent solids. Service life at this throughput is at least three months. The process may further be applied to high temperature leaching of refractory gold ores or other metals. Wear resistant metal or ceramic materials would be employed for this duty. Four mines are currently employing the Filblast Process for treating a variety of ore types ranging from highly reactive, almost impossible to treat, pyrrhotite/arsenopyrite to deeply weathered clay ore which forms a highly viscous pulp. The effect of shear thinning has resulted in improved adsorption kinetics resulting in higher carbon loading and reduced soluble gold loss. Total tonnage treated is approximately four million. Operating costs which include leasing and maintenance charges for the Filblast and pump power costs are about 16 cents per tonne. This is equivalent to about ten per cent of savings. Laboratory scale units having capacities up to 30 litres/min are available for test work but laboratory testing techniques so far developed do not accurately reflect the oxygen and cyanide savings which have been achieved in the plant.

Jan 1, 1994

By R. A. Wyman

What unusual features are there about finding, winning, and using the industrial minerals of Canada which may be of interest and yet not widely known. Have you, for example, ever wondered where the raw material for those distinctive greenish grey statuettes, so readily recognizable as Eskimo carvings, comes from? Although stone suitable for carving is obtained at several northern locations, in recent years the Federal government, the Quebec government, and one or two private companies have shipped supplies of various rock types from other sources to central distribution points in the Canadian north for the express purpose of providing Eskimo artists with raw materials for carving. Canada is well endowed with industrial minerals, the extent and variety of which may be observed by a perusal of Table 1. In this table, materials currently produced are shown in the left-hand column; materials which are bordering upon economic viability are listed in the middle column; and materials which have been found in Canada in possible exploitable quantity, but for which [ ]

Jan 1, 1970

By Peter Deming

"PART 1 OF 2INTRODUCTIONSlurry trenches are the least cost hydraulic barrier available, if the excavated spoils can be recycled into backfill. As such, slurry trenches are constructed where possible, sometimes at high risk. Slurry trenches are also used to install biopolymer drainage trenches, which have a low safety factor because the biopolymer slurry weight is marginally greater than the weight of water. In marginal ground the construction risk falls to both the Owner who designs and asks for the construction, and the Contractor who manages the work and promises to complete the project successfully. This paper discusses design and construction of slurry trench barriers in marginally stable ground and where groundwater chemistry invokes the need for slurry management details to obtain proper backfill placement.As a designer, Mueser Rutledge Consulting Engineers works for both Owners and Contractors. We are usually able to convince Owners of their responsibility for design detailing in order to obtain a working final product and to obtain reasonable bids from Contractors by disclosing construction needs and designing to reduce the contractor’s exposure. We often work for Contractors to produce designs which result in successful construction in projects where the Owner’s engineer places the responsibility of design and construction on the Contractor.This paper is intended to inform both Owner and Contractor audiences of resources which are available to reduce the risks of trench collapse in difficult ground conditions. We hope it serves this purpose.DESIGNSubsurface InvestigationsSubsurface conditions should be defined by borings focused on definition of the soil profile and soil design parameters. After general subsurface conditions are defined, barrier borings should be drilled along the final alignment.Definition of Soil Strength and CompactnessCompactness of sand and gravel strata should be defined with Standard Penetration Test N-values. The shear strength of cohesive materials should be defined by laboratory testing. Silt and fine sand strata with little cohesion should be investigated using mud rotary techniques to prevent disturbance. General strength characterization by soil layer should be used for analysis of trench wall stability."

Jan 1, 2006

By V. S. S. Yadavalli, J. Hager, R. Webber-Youngman

"This article investigates the complex problem of a budgeting process for a large mining operation. Strict adherence to budget infers that financial results align with goals. In reality, the budget is not a predetermined entity but emerges as the sum of the enterprise’s operational plans. These are highly interdependent, being influenced by unforeseeable events and operational decision-making.Limitations of stochastic simulations, normally applied in the project environment but not in budgeting, are examined and a model enabling their application is proposed. A better understanding of budget failure in large mines emerges, showing that the budget should be viewed as a probability distribution rather than a single deterministic value.The strength of the model application lies with the combining of stochastic simulation, probability theory, financial budgeting, and practical scheduling to predict budget achievement, reflected as a probability distribution. The principal finding is the interpretation of the risk associated with, and constraints pertaining to, the budget.The model utilizes a four-dimensional (space and time) schedule, linking key drivers through activity-based costing to the budget. It offers a highly expressive account of deduction regarding fund application for budget achievement, emphasizing that ’it is better to be approximately right than precisely wrong’."

Jan 1, 2015

By Waddah Akili

This paper describes the steps taken in planning, developing, and executing a case study/ case history course in geotechnical/ foundation engineering at an international university. The paper sheds light on: how a “workable” format for the course was arrived at; the organization of the course; and the results of evaluating the effectiveness of this approach versus traditional lecturing. Problems and challenges that could arise when offering the course for the first time are also addressed. Embedded in this experience and its related protocols are: the emphases on engineering design and the practice, teamwork and leadership development, organizational management, and oral and written communication skills. The paper concludes by confirming that discussions, through an open forum, are judged to be superior to traditional lectures in improving critical thinking, cultivating desirable personal attributes, and acquiring problem-solving skills.

By Om P. Garg

The purpose of this paper is: 1) To summarize the capabilities and some of the limitations of the existing mine planning software. 2) To provide some guidelines for acquiring the software. 3) To identify problems and challenges in terms of how to justify increased use of computers (particularly the 32-bit microprocessor based super micro computers), for various activities related to a mining operation No attempt has been made to review the contents of available software packages in detail. Also the scope of this paper is limited to mine planning related computer applications. Applications related to accounting, inventory control, preventive maintenance, equipment scheduling, etc. have not been covered.

Jan 1, 1983

By G. H. Lind

Research into the safe and economic extraction of underground coal pillars in the Witbank and Highveld coalfields of South Africa highlighted that future practices will have to consider pertinent risks associated with this least safe of all underground coal mining methods conducted in South Africa. To this end, a computer-based program called A-PEP (Analysis for Pillar Extraction Potential) was developed to assess three aspects of this mining practice, viz. risks associated with the physical attributes, operational risk attributes and economic attributes. This intelligent tool can thus be used when planning to conduct underground pillar extraction to ensure that all pertinent risk elements and legislative requirements are considered to conduct this mining method safely before a submission is made to the Department of Minerals and Energy. Keywords: operational risk management, mine planning, underground coal mining, pillar extraction.

Jan 1, 2003

By Holly J

The period following World War II has seen many changes in stoping techniques at The Great Boulder Gold Mine. The new methods resulted in improved unit production figures, and have given some relief from the rising worldwide cost spiral in the post war years.Significant production figures are shown graphically in...

Jan 1, 1956

By Andrew Middleton, Mark Wyatt

"The Brickworks Marketplace Project is a significant shopping centre development in inner north west Adelaide constructed by Badge Constructions in 2014 and 2015. The site was a former brickworks with a deep pit containing various extents of uncontrolled fill which was to remain on site, and with a remaining void up to 6 m in depth. The existing uncontrolled fill was improved using the High Energy Impact Compaction system, and the pit backfilled using a quarry crusher byproduct selected by trial and a recycled crushed concrete and bricks and compacted in deep lifts. This approach resulted in significant savings in compaction time, cost and building foundations. The settlements of various parts of the completed works have been monitored since February 2015 and this monitoring has demonstrated small settlements which meet the user’s constraints.INTRODUCTIONThe Torrensville Brickwork Markets project involved the transformation of a former brickworks and clay pit site into a regional 17,000m2 shopping centre, opening in June 2015.The site was a former brickworks with adjoining clay borrow pit. The clay pit had been partially backfilled over many years with ‘uncontrolled’ fill comprising ‘clean’ soil, bricks and kiln dust typically of the following thicknesses:??of the order of up to 7 m to 10 m but locally up to 15 m in the western part of the site??2 m to 5 m in the south-eastern part of the site; and??less than 0.5 m in the north-eastern part of the siteAnecdotal reports suggested compaction of some of the fill may have been undertaken, although this not able to be confirmed nor records obtained.Initially it was proposed to take up the existing uncontrolled fill, sort and recompact or remove to landfill, followed by backfilling in conventional means over 500,000 cubic metres of imported filling to a thickness of up to approximately 6m to backfill the former pit. This work represented a significant cost and was not economically viable.During early negotiations, the contractor proposed an alternative to retain and ground improve the existing filling on site, and to backfill the pit with fill placed and compacted in deep lifts, thereby significantly improving the economics, environmental and community impacts of the proposed works.The developer agreed to the proposal with the following performance criteria:??a settlement of =10 mm after 10 passes by the Impact Compactor (on existing subgrade areas);??a bearing capacity of 250 kPa for high level footings;??a maximum long term differential settlement of 40 mm (measured over 16 m), ie. 1 in 400; and??a minimum modulus of 40MPa."

Jan 1, 1900

By Guiming Yang, Xiaoxian Huang, Zhiyun Ji, Min Gan, Lishun Yuan, Xiaohui Fan, Zhiyuan Yu

"The roasting characteristics of hematite pellets containing MgO were studied where magnesia powder, serpentine and magnesite were used as magnesium-additives respectively. The mechanical strength of both preheated and roasted pellets decreased when MgO content increased, which implied the addition of MgO had an adverse effect on pellet consolidation. By adding flux containing CaO, the mechanical strength of both preheated and roasted pellets were improved. The addition of calcium flux facilitated the formation of calcium ferrite and provided a certain amount of liquid phase, resulting in faster diffusion ofMg2+ and Fe3+. The result showed that diffusing speed of Mg2+ was enhanced by 1.48 times, and rate constant of Fe203 crystalline growth was enhanced by 62% when basicity was around 0.4. Improvement of mineralization degree and recrystallization of Fe203 assisted in consolidation of hematite pellets containing MgO.IntroductionOxidized pellets are ideal iron-bearing burdens in blast furnace. At present, magnetite is the main raw material for oxidized pellet production in China. However, as the rapid development of iron and steel industry, resources of magnetite have been depleted and cannot satisfy the requirement of pellet production. Using hematite concentrates to produce oxidized pellets has become a trend [1, 2]. Many pellet enterprises abroad nowadays have adopted high proportions of hematite concentrates when producing oxidized pellets, e.g. the percentage is 100% in a lot of Brazilian factories [3, 4]. But high proportion of hematite concentrates will lead to low mechanical strength and high reduction swelling index of pellets. Some studies show that Mg-bearing pellets have excellent metallurgical properties, and the reduction swelling phenomenon can be solved by adding fluxes containing MgO [5, 7]. However, there are problems such as low pellet strength and bad roasting characteristics for MgO-bearing pellets, which remains an obstacle in pellet industry. Hence, it's vital to undertake the study on strengthening measures for indurations of Mg-bearing hematite pellets."

Jan 1, 2013

By C Bellia, A Maldonado, S Strong, H Baxter

This paper discusses the technical and cost benefits of alternative data collection techniques used to collect lithological information, obtain laboratory testing samples and perform in situ testing. A comparison between diamond coring and sonic coring techniques is made using data from a recent geotechnical investigation for a final pit slope cut-back. The impacts of the coring method on laboratory strength testing results, material character testing and, ultimately, the mass strength parameters and subsequent slope design adopted are compared. The sonic coring method was chosen out of necessity and enabled the collection of tube samples of a clay unit of interest as well as bulk samples for material character and geochemical testing. The sonic coring generated unexpected degradation of clastic units, while cohesive clay-dominated units were recovered well. The likelihood that disturbance due to the coring method would result in lower than expected triaxial strength results was recognised ahead of time, with surplus samples collected and single-stage triaxial strength testing undertaken. This testing compared favourably with historic three-stage testing, where sample degradation occurred during the later stages. Material character testing of fine-grained, clay-dominated units was comparable with historic diamond core testing, while grain size estimates for more clastic units tended to be finer than previous results. The use of sonic coring over non-cored methods enabled the collection of material texture data, geotechnical properties and a full suite of geochemical analyses. This provided a comprehensive understanding of the lithological and geotechnical character of the rock and soil mass. A high-confidence geotechnical model was developed. The end result was the development of a slope design that was more aggressive than was previously designed (5° steeper inter-ramp angle), which has proven to be appropriate to the conditions following excavation. Overall, sonic coring was a cost-effective means of obtaining additional geotechnical data for the site.CITATION:Baxter, H, Bellia, C, Maldonado, A and Strong, S, 2015. Case study assessing alternative data collection techniques and analysis methods to assist with geotechnical slope design, in Proceedings Iron Ore 2015, pp 419–428 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Jul 13, 2015