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By D. Harrington, W. J. Fene

For nearly 30 years the Bureau of Mines has contended that mine explosions can be prevented and has pointed out to the industry ways and means by which they could be avoided. The record of co2l-mine explosions • during the past fiscal ?Bar bears out the :Bureau1s contention, inasmuch as fewer men were killed by coal-mi~e e:xplosions in the United States during that year than in :gi_y corresponding 12 months in the history of coal mining in the United States, insofar as records are available; and more than a year has elapsed since·a major explosion (in which five or more men were killed) has occurred, this being t.1-J.e first continuous 12- month period without a major coal-mine explosion disaster in the United States in more than 60 years. The methods of preventing mine e:iiplosions are well known to experienced, well-informed persons cngnged in coal mining. Despite this knowledge, many coal-mine operutors continue to use practices and methods that they should know have resulted in countless explosions, and mine workers persist in following past procedure or in breaking safety rules and practices almost certain eventually to result in disaster. ' Virtually all explosions are the result of human failure, such as carelessness or neglect by officials or workers or others. These human failures can be corrected chiefly by ed.ucation and proper and adequate supervision and strict discipline. In some instances mine officials are ·lax, careless, poorl~• informed, and often incompetent; end in many instances miners have repulsed the introduction of known preventive methods because of sheer obstinacy, ignorance, heedlessness, or possibly fear that the operator was trying to o'bta.in some unfair adva.,.'1. tago or would neglect some other phase of accident or e,:plosion prevention. The freedom of the fiscal year 1938-39 from major coal-mine explosions ar..d frora any considera~le number of fat,JJ.i ties from minor explosions is a. matter for congratulation, but on the other hand. the occurrence of one rather bad e~losion in each of tho 3 calendar years 1937

Nov 1, 1939

By Walter K. Utt

The vibration levels of the heavy machines used in surface mining are much greater than for vehicles used on highways. In order to assure the proper functioning of electronic equipment placed on the surface mining vehicles, the U.S. Bureau of Mines has conducted a program of field measurements to define their vibration environment. The information in this report is for a class of vehicle that has a blade for scraping and wheels with rubber tires. The statistical information derived from these measurements can be used as a basis for laboratory testing to qualify equipment for a surface mining vehicle of this class. The envelope that would encompass 99 pct of the vibrations encountered in normal operations is presented for each location on the vehicle. The five locations for which data were recorded are the floor of the cab, the engine, the frame, the drive train (gear, differential, and torque converter), and the axle. Tabulated data are provided for those who wish to use a different probability level. The appropriate test profile for the laboratory testing can be determined from the information presented in this report.

Jan 1, 1993

By Alfred L. Anderson

Thorite and rare earth deposits in the Lemhi Pass area of southeastern Lemhi County, Idaho, are contained along complex shear and fracture zones and in reopened gold-quartz veins and copper lodes in quartzitic and phyllitic rocks of the Pre-cambrian belt series. Some of the shear and fracture zones are several tons of feet across and comprise broad zones of irregularly mineralized rock. These lodes contain a notable concentration of thorium and rare earth elements along with considerable amounts of barium, .potassium, calcium, iron, aluminum, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. The principal minerals are thorite, locally allanite, monazite, xenotime (?), apatite, specular hematite, barite, potash feldspar, occasionally calcite and quartz. Exept for some of 'the specular hematite, barite, reddish feldspar, calcite and quartz, the minerals are not distinguishable without the microscope. The thorite and locally allanite were deposited first, then the monazite and other phosphates, which were in turn followed successively by barite, potash, feldspar, calcite, and quartz. In exceptional cases, deposition of thorite and specular hematite was repeated after the feldspar. Some of the deposits contain several percent thoria, but the average os generally under one percent. The rare earth content is comparable with that of the thoria. The deposits appear to be of hydrothermal origin and are probably related genetically to late Cretaceous or early Tertiary igneous activity, manifested locally by a few dioritie and lamprophyric dikes.

Jan 1, 1959

By M. E. Tyrrell, J. Koster

This work was undertaken to determine the feasibility of making mixed diborides of two metals directly from the metal oxides , boron carbide and carbon . The diborides (Ti , V ) , B₂ , (Ti , Cb) B₂ , and ( Ti , Ta ) B₂ were prepared in a crucible resistance furnace at 2,100 ° C , and X- ray- diffraction analyses showed each was a homogeneous solid solution containing approximately equal molar contents of the given diborides . The diboride powders were cold - pressed ; sintered to 2,300 ° C , and evaluated for mechanical strength , rate of oxidation , and resistance to molten metals . The diboride ( Ti , Ta ) B₂ exhibited the best mechanical properties ; the diboride ( Ti , Cb ) B₂ , the lowest cumulative rate of oxidation . The mixtures were stable in the presence of molten aluminum and copper but were attacked by molten Ti , Zr , and Cr .

Jan 1, 1964

By J. R. Donald, K. Scholey

"Nickel has been mined and processed from the Sudbury basin for over 100 years. During this period, the process has evolved into what is one of the largest and most complex mining and metallurgical facilities in the world. This paper will describe the geology and mining of the Sudbury basin as well as the Copper Cliff metallurgical flowsheet circa 2005, including:•,Clarabelle Mill,•,The flash smelting furnaces,•,The bulk converters,•,Matte casting, separation, and processing•,The carbonyl refineries•,Carbonyl residue processing•,Copper processing•,Sulphur productsThe challenges of today and the opportunities for the future are discussed."

Jan 1, 2005

By H. J. McQueen

Large-scale industrial production of pipe began with longitudinal hot pressure welding of wrought iron by passage of skelp (narrow strip with beveled edges) through a die or bell that curled it about a longitudinal axis until the edges were forced together. Such small to medium tubes could be reduced by rolling or drawing; with threaded connections, they were excellent for distribution of clean water and of illuminating gas for street, home and industrial lighting. Although steel lacks the fluxing slag for pressure welding it has hot strength similar to iron; hot-pressure bell welding was advantageously transferred to steel in long coiled strip with 50% higher cold strength. For pipe without weld-line defects, hot cupping followed by Pilger mill rolling produced tubing that revolutionized bicycle quality and high-pressure service for boilers and chemical processing. Mannesman hot rotary piercing produced long thick walled tube that permitted reduction or expansion by rolling to provide pipe sections up to 60 cm diameter and 12 m long. During 1910 - 1940, oil and gas pipeline technologies, notably welding evolved markedly as they proliferated in the United States, in response to far-flung petroleum fields, expanding industry consumption and the automobile revolution. In the Second World War combat pipelines were laid rapidly, such as: the Canol line through the Yukon to Alaska, and fuel supply lines across the channel and through liberated France. Perfection of welding techniques for both longitudinal and spiral weld large diameter pipe in combination with controlled-rolling of micro-alloyed steels made possible reliable Arctic pipelines. The development of pipe production and utilization in Canada is recounted. The fabrication techniques and metallurgical controls are explained.

Jan 1, 2005

"These guidelines have been prepared to assist the Qualified Person(s)in the planning and supervision of exploration programs which will be reported under National Instrument 43101. The Companion Policy of NI43101 references the guidelines and states that issuers and Qualified Persons should follow them.Exploration Best Practices GuidelinesPreamble: These guidelines have been prepared to assist the Qualified Person(s) in the planning and supervision of exploration programs which will be reported under National Instrument 43-101. Such exploration programs must be under the supervision of the Qualified Person who will be responsible and accountable for the planning, execution and interpretation of all exploration activity as well as the implementation of quality assurance programs and reporting. These guidelines are also recommended for use in the planning and execution of exploration programs which will not be reported under NI 43-101. This set of broad guidelines or ""best practices"" has been drawn up to ensure a consistently high quality of work that will maintain public confidence and assist securities regulators. The guidelines are not intended to inhibit the original thinking or application of new approaches, that are fundamental to successful mineral exploration.Results should be summarized and reported in a Technical Report of good professional quality in accordance with the National Instrument 43-101 and Form 1 contained in that instrument. All exploration work from which public reporting will ensue must be designed and carried out under the supervision of a Qualified Person (""QP""). A QP is defined in National Instrument 43-101 as an individual who is an engineer or geoscientist with at least five (5) years' experience in mineral exploration, mine development, mine operation or project assessment, has experience relevant to the subject matter of the project or report and is a member in good standing of a recognized professional association."

Jan 1, 2003

By Matthew Anderson, David Day, Paul Smith

"The Midwest is presently the focus for Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) abatement in the United States (U.S.). Most of the EPA mandated utility and municipal long term CSO abatement programs in large metro areas in the Midwest such as Cleveland, Indianapolis, Columbus, Chicago, St Louis, Akron, Fort Wayne, Louisville, Kansas City, Omaha and Pittsburg use or will use deep tunnels for storage and conveyance of CSOs. This paper will compare design methods specified and implemented for tunnel construction in Midwestern geology such as soft ground and mixed face EPBM tunnels, hard rock TBM tunnels, drill & blast tunnels, road header tunnels along with tunnel lining systems. It will also review the performance of successful CSO systems that include design life cycle, vortex and drop shaft configurations, pump stations, storage and conveyance strategies and long term operation and maintenance criteria. HISTORY and BACKGROUND Prior to development of mandated wastewater treatment plants, collecting both wastewater and storm water runoff in a single-pipe system was an efficient and economical solution. The early combined sewer systems were typically designed and sized to carry several times the average dry weather wastewater flows and not designed to handle a mixed volume of waste water and storm water during a wet weather event. Beginning in the early 1970s, federal legislation (Clean Water Act of 1972, Clean Water Act of 1977 and the Water Quality Act of 1982) changed how municipalities and industries in the U.S. were required to treat and discharge wastewater into the nation’s surface waters. They were mandated to treat wastewater at federal regulatory standards for discharge into surface waters that is safe for humans, wildlife and aquatic life. The wastewater treatment facilities that evolved were initially designed and sized to treat only the peak volume of raw wastewater flowing during dry weather. Combined sewer system control sections or relief structures were installed upstream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and were designed to protect WWTPs from potential damage that would be caused if peak volumes of raw wastewater mixed with storm water runoff reached and overwhelmed the WWTPs."

Jan 1, 2016

By B Smith, R Gelson

Springvale Colliery is an underground longwall mine situated approximately 10 km north-west of Lithgow in the western coalfields of New South Wales. Following a full-scale review of the mineÆs ventilation system in mid-2010, it was clear that the mine by early 2013 would become ventilation constrained as a result of the increasing size of the mine workings, the predicted worsening tailgate conditions and plans to introduce a fourth continuous miner unit. This realisation led Springvale to embark on a major upgrade of the mine ventilation system that would meet short-term and life-of-mine (LOM) requirements.Included in the upgrade project was the installation of a new high pressure centrifugal main exhaust fan that is capable of overcoming the high resistances imposed frequently on the circuit by restrictions in the tailgate airway. The new fan featuring a 2.5 MW motor is designed to be capable of operating at a quantity of 250 m3/s at a pressure of 7.9 kPa, a substantial improvement over the previous system, which had an operating duty of approximately 145 m3/s at 1.9 kPa. The new fan is of a centre hung design and features a backup diesel motor to maintain ventilation in the event of a power outage.Structural engineering analysis determined that under the operation of the new main fan the existing standard of ventilation control devices (VCDs) at Springvale would not be adequate to withstand the increase in differential pressures. As such, an upgrade of critical VCDs was undertaken utilising a novel high flexural strength (9 MPa) shotcrete and thin spray-on liner, which help serve to safeguard the structural integrity of the appliances and prevent increased leakage as roadway conditions at VCD sites deteriorate over time (a serious problem in many areas of the workings at Springvale).In addition to the main ventilation system upgrade, a separate upgrade focusing on improving development face ventilation was also undertaken. This upgrade included the purchase of two high capacity (22 m3/s) variable inlet vane (VIV) auxiliary fans to facilitate comfortable development face ventilation.The upgrade of the mine ventilation system at Springvale has been three years in the making, but has removed a major business risk in that it has afforded mine planning and operational flexibility (a fourth unit can now be introduced) for the LOM, and importantly provided unprecedented levels of comfort to operators at the working faces where previously ventilation and heat issues were frequently reported. The impact of this on the morale of the workforce, and hence their output, should not be underestimated.CITATION:Gelson, R and Smith, B, 2013. Life-of-mine ventilation system upgrade at Springvale Colliery - A case study, in Proceedings The Australian Mine Ventilation Conference , pp 79-86 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).

Jul 1, 2013

By R. Scheepers, J. E. Misiewicz, A. C. Fitzgerald

Discussion by A.C. Fitzgerald of the paper, published in Trans. IMM A, vol.104, 1995, p.B121-B135, is presented together with the authors' response. Fitzgerald points out a number of problems with the idea of mineralising fluids leaving no trace in the large volumes of rock traversed before depositing all minerals of value in a particular horizon or rock type with which the required isobaric or isothermic surface also coincides. He suggested that in the case of the Rooiberg tin deposits, the Lebowa Granites may be batholiths that reached the surface and were capped by sheets of their own volcanics. The authors agree that they had considered a possible syngenetic origin for the stratabound deposits, explain that no conclusive evidence for this could be found, discuss the relative ages of the sediments and volcanics of the Rooiberg Fragment and explain the role of its low-intensity deformation and flat dip in the coincidence of an isobaric-isothermic surface with the lithological stratification

Jun 18, 1905

By Michael S. Moats, Scott C. Campin, J. Brent Hiskey

"Electrochemical techniques are a valuable means of analyzing the passivation of commercial copper anodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) provides information concerning transport and reaction phenomena occurring at an electrode surface. Commercial. copper anodes of varying compositions have been examined using EIS. Experiments were conducted in a flat cell with an electrolyte of 40 gil Cu2 + and 160 gil H2S04 maintained at 65 DC. Impedance spectra were obtained at the potentials characteristic of the open circuit voltage and passive region for each anode. The spectra of the passivating films exhibited a flattened resistive/capacitive loop at middle to high frequencies and an inductive loop at low frequencies. An equivalent· circuit utilizing an inductor-resistor series in parallel with the double layer capacitance and charge transfer resistance was adequate in modeling the impedance data. The influence of anodes impurities on the components of the equivalent circuit is discussed and correlated with a hi-layer passivation model.IntroductionPassivation of copper anodes during industrial electrorefining has received considerable attention in the past few decades. Great strides have been made in understanding the roles of anode impurities [1-25], electrolysis parameters [20,26], and electrolyte chemistries [20,26]. Even so, passivation still occurs even in the most modem of refineries. The exact cause of passivation is not fully understood. It is known that the anode surface becomes covered by a passivating film. This film has been proposed to be CuS04'&5H20, Cu20, or mixed oxides. The localized concentrations of Ft, Cu+, and Cu2+ ions determines which phase is more favorable. The presence of these ions is controlled by the reaction kinetics and diffusion of species through the slimes layer.Reaction kinetics between Cu, Cu +, and Cu2+ are based on the dissolution mechanism of copper. There exists four different models to describe the dissolution of pure copper. The classical model of Mattsson and Bockris [27] involves two single electron transfers with the cuprous-cupric reaction being the rate detennining step. More recently, Wong, Collier, and MacFarlane [28] used ac impedance to elucidate a more complex mechanism involving the affect of pH and anions. Their findings indicate that the formation of cuprous ions in solution, Cu(I)so~ is favored over Cu(1I) ions adsorbed to the electrode surface in the presence of sulfate and as pH increases from pH 1 to pH 5."

Jan 1, 1997

By R. I. Cavanagh, A J. Last

THE USE of higher grade charges in blast furnaces in the form of sintered or pelletized concentrates has been increasing rapidly. The question of beneficiation of iron ores for this purpose is therefore receiving much attention as more deposits are developed. Many iron ores may respond well to magnetic roasting procedures followed by magnetic concentration, however, in most cases other more standard ore dressing methods are competitive and cheaper. For magnetic roasting as applied to iron ore beneficiation, the present question is "Can it be economically justified in situations where it appears to produce good results?" The following collection of information on the general status and operations of magnetic roasting methods may be helpful in considering this question. Magnetic Roasting Magnetic roasting involves the transformation of non-magnetic iron oxides, hydrated oxides and carbonates by means of heat and suitable

Jan 1, 1961

By Steven J. Page

The Bureau of Mines used fiber-laden air to test two identical fibrous aerosol monitors (FAM) in order to establish the FAM-optical count correlation. The FAM is a unique instrument developed by GCA Corp. (GCA) to measure real-time fibrous aerosol concentrations. It will also respond to particulates that have sufficient shape irregularities to possess fiber characteristics such as the 3:1 length: diameter (L:D) aspect ratio. Results of the Bureau's laboratory tests showed that the FAM response is linearly correlated to concentration data obtained using the optical membrane filter count technique approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. A plot of the FAM-optical count correlation showed that FAM concentration readings are generally well within ±25 pct of the optical membrane filter count. Initial tests to estimate the best ratio control setting of the FAM for 5-µm fiber-length discrimination were performed using one instrument only (the ratio control setting determines the minimum threshold fiber length that will be detected by the FAM). The estimated setting was then used to correlate both FAM units. The result was a 65 pct difference in correlation between the two units. It appears that the major factor responsible for this difference was the internal adjustment of the photomultiplier detector sensitivity for each of the two FAM units.

Jan 1, 1980

By Robert W. Bruhn

State and federal regulations require that surface mine overburden be investigated in advance of mining for naturally occurring earth materials that are detrimental to animal and plant life or to uses of water. Proper identification of these toxic materials is necessary to permit development of environmentally sound reclamation programs. Intensified use of present laboratory methods to meet anticipated testing demands would be both costly and time consuming. This paper discusses the desirability of and general requirements for a geophysical system capable of locating toxic zones in the overburden of surface mineable lands of the Northern Great Plains Coal Province. The paper (1) identifies the types and character of naturally occurring overburden substances that must be investigated in advance of mining, (2) discusses the economic justification for development of a geophysical system to replace or to complement conventional laboratory test methods, and (3) discusses the potential applicability of downhole geophysical methods to overburden analysis.

Jan 1, 1981

By A. Klingberg, M. Svensson, N. Smolko Schwarzmayr

"Removal of silicates and carbonates from sedimentary phosphate ores by the use of new synthetic collector/formulations was investigated in a comparative study with traditionally used collector systems as references. In the direct carbonate flotation the new formulations showed higher efficiency, contributed to an improved balance of P2O5 recovery and P2O5 enrichment in the recovered material. Efficiency of the new formulations containing synthetic surfactants was 1.5–2 times better than potassium salt of fatty acid sulfonate based formulations that are traditionally used for that purpose. The new formulations also provided up to 7% increase in P2O5 recovery at the same P2O5 grade. The new synthetic collectors for removal of silicates showed extremely good selectivity towards silica bearing minerals. The selectivity factor for the flotation tests when new formulations were used was 32–52 and for the flotation tests with the traditional collectors: 20–32. The ratio between distribution of an amount of silicates (as SiO2) and distribution of phosphate in the froth (waste) is defined as the selectivity factor. The new formulations provided more than 2% decrease of the amount of SiO2 at the same P2O5 recovery.INTRODUCTIONPopulation growth and decrease of arable land are the main reasons for constant increase of consumption of apatite (phosphate ore) in the fertilization field (Lannefors, Gorochovceva, Klingberg, Lima, & Gustafsson, 2015). Fertilizers play a key role for farmers to produce more with less land. The phosphate component of the fertilizer is vital for producing healthy and large amount of crop. As a result the demand for phosphate rock is growing.The largest producers of phosphate rock are the Unites States, Morocco, Tunisia, China, Russia, and Brazil. The term “phosphate ore” includes all phosphate-bearing minerals and rocks, but only two of them are of industrial interest: apatite (igneous origin) and sedimentary phosphate (Peres, Araujo, El-Shall, Zhang, & Abdel-Khalek, 2007). The majority of the world’s phosphate deposits are of the sedimentary type. There are two different types of sedimentary phosphates: siliceous and carbonaceous which are categorized based on gangue minerals (such as quartz, carbonates, mica, and clay)."

Jan 1, 2016

By P. J. Uggowitzer, H. Kaufmann

"New Rheocasting is a novel route of semi-solid casting, in which the globular semi-solid precursor material is produced by controlled cooling of only slightly superheated melts in conventional steel crucibles. The resulting semi-solid slugs are placed into the sleeve of a vertical Squeeze Casting Machine and then filled into steel dies. Solidification occurs under hydraulic pressures up to 100 MPa Due to the reduced cost of precursor material, reduced investment cost and easier recycling, the New Rheocasting process offers cost reductions of up to 25% over conventional semi-solid casting · routes. The New Rheocast products are pore free, pressure tight, weldable and heat treatable castings.In the present work the New Rheocasting Process is introduced and the influence of heat treatment on mechanical properties of the New Rheocast alloy A356 is discussed.The alloy A356 is cast under ideal New Rheocasting conditions into a step die on an UBE HVSC 350 Squeeze Casting machine. As-east, TS and T6 heat treatment conditions with variations in solutionizing and aging time/temperature parameters are applied and the samples are tested by tensile testing. Alternatively, the same heat treatment conditions are applied to conventional Squeeze Casting parts and compared with New Rheocasting.Questions of potential cost savings due to modified heat treatment conditions are also addressed in this paper."

Jan 1, 2000

By W. G. Deeks

CANADIANS are world leaders in marketing metal and mineral products. Noranda Sales Corporation Ltd. is an international metal and mineral product marketing company operating from Toronto and London, England, where it operates a wholly owned sales subsidiary and is a 50% partner in Rudolf Wolff and Company Ltd., a charter member and the largest metal broker on the London Metal Exchange. Noranda Sales employs 97 people, of whom 52 are university trained and professionally competent in international resource product marketing. We market for 19 companies or divisions in the Noranda Group and 39 companies for whom we act as agent, consultant and purchaser of resource production. Our business in 1976 was 1.5 billion dollars carried out in 45 countries and covering 24 products and materials. Today, ownership of most of the mining industry in Canada has transferred back to Canadians, and this is said with the knowledge that a significant part of the Canadian industry has been Canadian owned and managed from its very early days. Noranda Mines Limited is such an example. It was born in 1922 as the result of a copper-gold showing at Noranda, Quebec, discovered by Ed Horne, a prospector, financed with a grubstake by a syndicate mainly composed of New York businessmen. Shortly after the discovery, when the shares of the company had risen, the syndicate was sold to Canadian interests and, since that time, Noranda has been dominantly Canadian owned and certainly Canadian managed. Today, over 90% of Noranda's shareholders are Canadian, who hold an equivalent percentage of the stock.

Jan 1, 1977

By J. O. Claassen

"A study conducted at 22 operating mines in the southern African region indicated that each mine employs about five management and improvement methods with roots in the manufacturing industry. All respondents reported the implementation of cost-saving initiatives, whereas 80% of the mines are affected by restructuring. TQM, Six Sigma, BPM, and TOC were found to be the most prevalent manufacturing management and improvement methods used. A mechanistic vs systemic evaluation of the suitability of these methods to bring about positive change in the industry suggested that complex, ever-changing mining systems are better served by a systemic flow-based approach, which is embedded in methods such as TOC, JIT, TPS, and Lean Production. These methods, however, lack industry presence, possibly because they do not effectively deal with the unique challenges associated with the mining environment. It is argued that successful mining business management and improvement depends on management’s ability to deal effectively with mining industry-specific requirements, the integration of the geologymining- plant system, and the implementation of systemic flow-based principles in all aspects of mining. IntroductionThe study aims to explore the use of manufacturing management and improvement methodologies in the southern African mining industry. Considering the unique challenges associated with mining operations, attention is given to the applicability of the most commonly used manufacturing methodologies in the tactical, operational, and strategic environments. The article endeavours to stimulate more research and debate in an unexplored field of study."

Jan 1, 2016

By F. A. Rutledge

"The chromite deposits of Red Mountain, 10,miles southeast of Seldovia, Alaska, are in an intrusive of ultramafic rocks. The earliest reference to the deposits was made by U.S. Grant3/; J.B. Mertic, Jr. 4/ made a brief examination in 1917; and A.C. Gill5/ spent 7 weeks studying the ore bodies and geology of the region in 1918. The Federal Geological Survey had a field party in the region from July until September 1940 and the Red Mountain area was mapped and geological data were assembled by P.W. Guild.6/A preliminary investigation of the Kenai chromite deposits was made in July 1941 by R. S. Sanford,7/district engineer of the Bureau of Mines, accompanied by P. W. Guild, assistant geologist of the Geologi¬cal Survey. This was followed by surface sampling and core drilling, which were completed in September 1942 under the direction of John W. Cole,8 associate engineer of the Bureau of Mines. G. O. Gates, associate geologist, and A, B. Unkelsbay, junior geologist, of the Geological Survey, logged cores and interpreted geologic features revealed by Bureau of Mines drilling and trenching.9/J. C. Roehm, associate engineer of the Territorial Department of Mines; examined the Red Mountain area in august 1941.10/Additional exploration of other deposits in. the Red Mountain area was completed during the summer of 194. Work consisted of surface sampling, core drilling, and mapping. G. O. Gates, associate geologist of the Geological Survey, spent 4 days in August investigating results of the Bureau of Mines program.Throughout the exploratory work conducted by the Bureau of Mines the cooperation of Red Mountain Chromite, Inc., and especially of John Blodgett, Jr., and Collis 2, Druley, president and superintendent, respectively, was greatly appreciated. Use of their camp in the Windy River cirque and shops at Kasitsna Bay facilitated the Bureau of Mines program."

Apr 1, 1946

Mineral processing is at the hub of the exploration-mining-metals production system. Because of the large volumes of material processed, incremental technology investments can pay off better than for other parts of the system. However, much of mineral processing remains a 'black art', because we are behind in investing in modem technologies. Consequently, we have one of the best opportunities to improve efficiency and competitiveness through the application and transfer of technologies that have already been developed for other industries. The reluctance of minerals companies to place priority in our area is not because we lack new ideas; our senior management has not been convinced, based on our previous results, that such investments will pay off as well as other investment opportunities competing for the same resources. The key is the proper establishment of technology strategy and more effective transfer of technology. The presentation will identify the failure mechanisms of technology transfer and will present a model for improving the success rate, a prerequisite for raising the priority of mineral processing investment. Topics emphasised include strategy formulation, human resources planning, and total quality management principles applied to improving technology transfer.

Jan 1, 1993