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Illinois State Geological Survey, 305 Ceramics bldg, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill M M Leighton, Chief A catalogue of the publications on the geology and mines of Illinois has recently been issued and will be sent upon request This index is a complete reference on the coal, coal fields and geology of the state and lists (with prices) the great number of Bulletins, Reports of Investigations, Press Bulletins, Monographs and the Educational Series of the state Geological Survey as well as publications of other agencies pertaining to the same subjects Of the several series offered by the state Geological Survey, probably the Bulletins are of most general interest A number of those available deal with the geology and geography or mineral

Jan 1, 1933

Electrowinning U.S. 4,066,520 - Recovery of copper from copper sulfide ore. Finely divided ore concentrate is leached with moderately strong sulfurous acid to solubilize copper ions, the leach solution treated with calcium sulfite to reduce the copper ion concentration by forming copper-precipitate solids therein, the solids filtered off, and and the filter cake dewatered to obtain a slurry of copper-precipitate solids amenable to direct electrowinning of copper therefrom using a described electrolysis apparatus which utilizes high current flow with a minimum of mechanical agitation. R. C. Emmett, Jr., J. K. Dicksa. B. C. Wojcik and F. A. Baczek, assigned to Envirotech Corp. Jan. 3, 1978. 14 pp. (204- 108). Filed: 9- 1-76 (7 19,867).

Jan 1, 1979

By William D. Gallant

This paper presents the results of a joint cooperative research project between the CANMET Cape Breton Coal Research Laboratory and the Cape Breton Development Corporation to observe the subsidence profile over the stopline of 2 West panel, Phalen Mine. A novel technique was designed and Implemented to determine vertical displacements of the overlying strata from within a near horizontal borehole drilled over the 2 West panel. Restrictions on data collection techniques due to the submarine nature of the coalfield are discussed. Development and implementation of the borehole technique using a piezometer and inclinometer Is described. Performance of the instruments and profiles obtained by them are presented and compared. Recommendations for design improvements are made to Improve the efficiency of the technique.

Jan 1, 1990

By Grouhel P

Blasting performance is directly related to the characteristics and efficiency of the explosives used. The selection of the correct explosive for particular blast conditions and objectives depends on the ability to characterise the performance of individual explosive products. Techniques have been developed by the JKMRC to measure explosive performance and assess the impact of explosive performance on blast results. Studies conducted at a number of mine sites have shown that different types of explosives perform quite differently and that the performance of any particular explosive can vary significantly. The principal causes of these variations have been identified and detailed blast monitoring techniques, including the analysis of muckpile fragmentation and shape, have been used to quantify the effects of explosive performance on blast Results.

Jan 1, 1990

The present work aimed to verify the possibility of using froth flotation to separate the constitu-ent minerals of an alaskite rock waste having as the main minerals quartz and feldspar. Three stages of tests have been carried through. In the first stage was used an amphoteric collector for flotation, diaminedioleate, at pH 2 and, after analyzing the final products, a very poor selectivity was ob-served. During the second stage of tests, different collectors that are normally used for feldspar flo-tation as amines, sulfonates and soybean oil were employed. Once more, it was not possible to reach reasonably selective results. In the third stage, a salt of etheramine was used for collecting the feldspar and hydrofluoric acid was utilized for controlling the pH. A simulation of three flotation steps (rougher, cleaner and recleaner) permitted to attain a good selectivity in the flotation process. A concentrate with a silica content of 96.6% was obtained. The low concentrate content of alkalis totalizing 0.52% and a feldspar recovery of 96.5% to the tailings, represented by the high content of Na, K, and Al2O3 in the tailings, demonstrated that the concentrate was made up mostly of quartz.

Jan 1, 2014

By D. C. White

The Vulture Mine near Wickenburg, Arizona was a major gold producer from 1863 to 1942, having yielded about 11,000 kg Au and 8,000 kg Ag. Gold occurs as coarse native metal and electrum in quartz veins and also finely disseminated within a quartz monzonite sill and its silicified wall rock. The sill is semi-conformable within a Proterozoic volcaniclastic-dominated sequence all dipping north about 35°. Early mining focused on the vein-hosted gold particularly in the immediate hanging wall and footwall of the sill. Later efforts included some open-pitting of the outcropping sill and adjacent altered and mineralized rock. Two sets of post-mineral faults have complicated the orebody geometry.

Jan 1, 1988

By John D. Morgan

The U.S. economy annually needs over 4 billion tons of new mineral supplies. The value of domestically produced energy and processed materials of mineral origin exceeds $175 billion annually, but domestic production of both raw and processed minerals is not keeping pace with demand.

Jan 1, 1974

By Oliver Bowles

"Waste Granite in the Barre, Vermont, District: Waste in the great granite center at Barre, Vermont, consists of three types of material, the rough blocks rejected at the quarries on account of imperfections, the chips or spalls resulting from trimming and dressing at the cutting plants, and the granular and pulverized material from the dust collectors. The waste piles at the quarries of are immense proportions and constitute a serious handicap to quarrying in that they cover up good rock deposits, and are also so large that waste disposal becomes more and more expensive. The problem of utilization of such waste material is a topic of keen interest to all granite producers.Barre is not situated on a water route, and thus transportation costs prohibit the shipment of waste blocks for rip rap or ballast. Crushing plants use a small amount of this material for road construction, but aside from this, the waste is practically valueless.Investigators of waste utilization problems are awaiting with interest further information concerning an enterprise undertaken at Montpelier, Vermont, to utilize crushed granite for the production of brick similar to sand-lime brick. Granules of granite are mixed with lime, moulded, and hardened under steam Pressure, The brick produced are said to be of excellent quality for structural Purposes.There seems to be no logical reason why waste granite could not be utilized for the manufacture of building stone, and paving blocks, for many of the defects which condemn a stone for monumental purposes are not at all detrimental for building or street paving. F or the most part, monumental stone workers are not particularly interested in other branches of the granite in-dustry, and a combination of industries such as that suggested"

Jan 1, 1920

By M. T. Erickson, C. A. Rowland

Ball mills 5.5 m (18 ft) in diameter and larger tend to use energy delivered to the mill less efficiently than smaller diameter mills, particularly when the large mills carry 40% by volume ball charges. This paper will explore factors used in scaling up ball mills, showing where the advantages of one factor can possibly be negated by another factor. The paper will propose possible operating limits and areas for further study to establish selection and design limits.

Jan 1, 1985

By R. W. O. Kersten

The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy recently held a School on iMine Project Planning, the objective being to educate mine personnel who are involved in the planning and management of major projects, as well as young engineers who may become involved in this field. Book prizes for universities Prizes are awarded annually by The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy for outstanding academic achievement by mining and metallurgical students at South African universities.

Jan 1, 1985

W. M. Courtis, Detroit, Mich. (communication to the Secretary) : Having made a rapid examination of the deposits described in this paper, I am not inclined to generalize confidently concerning its geological relations. But, since an analysis furnished by me has been included in the paper, it may be of further use to give the results of other samples and analyses. I give, therefore, a table of analyses by different parties, showing the average from surface-specimens:

Jan 1, 1901

AFTER the aforementioned subjects, I wish to speak to you of the method of welding bells that are cracked. This seems to me an ingenious thing, little used, but of great usefulness. Bells are cracked by the blows of too large a clapper or by excessive and forced ringing. This often cracks them at the rim, in the heart, or in some other place so that they lose their tone because of these cracks, and give no more

Jan 1, 1942

By H. C. George

THE Wisconsin. Zinc District, or the Upper Mississippi Lead and Zinc District as it is often called, lies in the southwestern corner of Wisconsin, in, Grant, Iowa and Lafayette Counties, and it includes adjoining parts of Illinois and Iowa. The district is about 70 miles long, north and south, and about 40 miles wide, east and west. It lies wholly within what is geologically known as the non-glaciated area of the Upper Mississippi Valley. HISTORY OF THE DISTRICT The district was first opened up as a lead producer in 1822. From this time until 1860, about 205,000 tons of cog lead (galena) and washed lead (galena) was produced from shallow crevices and openings. From 1860 to 1900, about 74,500 tons was produced, and since that time, from 5000 to 7000 tons has been produced annually. Since-1900, most of the lead concentrate produced has been as a byproduct of the zinc mines. The first zinc ores were mined about 1862. These were the carbonate ores, locally known as " drybone." Very little zinc blende was mined in the district, previous to 1875. The zinc blende ores mined from 1875 to 1900 were mostly of the high-grade, hand-cobbed, sheet-ore class, which usually contained from 45 to 60 per cent. metallic zinc. Such nines as the "Sallie Waters," ? Quinlin," "Lead Mine," "Benton Blende" and "Ida Blende," located near Benton, Wis., were mines which produced ores of this type, during this period. The mines located at Highland, the "Coker Mine" located at Livingston, Wis., and the "Opencut Mine" located at Shullsburg, Wis., were mines that were heavy zinc carbonate producers, previous to 1900.

Jan 12, 1917

By Helmut Thielsch

DURING the last three decades a great many arguments have been presented on the subject of "mosaic" or "block" structures of metals. Apparently because of insufficient evidence, the "block-structure" theories have never been widely understood among the physical metallurgists in this country, and most investigators among the few that have tried to demonstrate the existence of such an inner structure of crystals or grains have failed to recognize also the existence of a lamellar structure. Moreover, little thought has been given to justify the existence of such "lamellar" or "mosaic-block" structures on a theoretical basis. Since properties such as plasticity, ferromagnetism, hardness, diffusion, and others may be explained by structural faults in the lattice network of the crystals, the great importance of a more detailed knowledge of the structure within crystals or grains becomes now evident. Because of the vast extent of the field of submicroscopic structures, it shall be the purpose of this paper only to review the more important of the results obtained by other investigators, especially in Germany, where a great deal of attention has been given to mosaic structure during the last three years. The origin of this mosaic pattern f and effects of cold reduction and recrystallization will be shown in further studies later on. IMPERFECTIONS IN CRYSTALS The many terms used in the literature to denote structural types of crystals are often not clearly defined. To clear up some of the confusion, the meaning of the more important terms will be given here. Ideal, or Perfect Crystals.-Crystals without any structural imperfections are called "ideal crystals," or "perfect crystals," meaning a homogeneous interior structure of atoms, ions or molecules, as the case may be. In other words, at every point in the interior of the crystal exactly the same orientation of the crystallographic axes of the coordinate system would exist. The surface of such a body, if etched with an appropriate etching reagent, would reflect light with perfect uniformity. Crystals of this type are almost nonexistent. Real Crystals.-" Real crystals"' may contain various types of structural defects, which can be classified into: (I) lineage structure, (2) mosaic-block structure, (3) lamellar structure. The inhomogeneities existing in these groups mean that the orientation of the crystallographic axes will not be the same at every point within the interior of a crystal (or grain of a polycrystalline body). Perfect Real Crystals.-The term "perfect real crystals" is generally used to describe crystals with minute structural or thermodynamical inhomogeneities. The former

Jan 1, 1945

By Helmut Thielsch

During the last three decades a great many arguments have been presented on the subject of "mosaicJ' or "blockJJ structures of metals. Apparently because of insufficient evidence, the "block-structure" theories have never been widely understood among the physical metallurgists in this country, and most investigators among the few that have tried to demonstrate the existence of such an inner strutture Of crystals or grains have failed to recognize also the existence of a lamellar structure. Moreover, little thought has been given to justify the existence of such "lamellar" or "mosaic-block" structures on a theoretical basis. Since properties such as Plasticity; ferro-magnetism, hardness, diffusion, and others may be explained by structural faults in the lattice network of the crystals: the great importance of a more detailed knowledge of the structure within crystals or grains becomes now evident. Because Of the vast extent of the field Of submicroscopic structures, it shall be the purpose Of this paper only to review the more important of the results obtained by other investigators, especially in Germany, where a great deal of attention has been given to mosaic structure during the last three years. The origin of this mosaic patternt and effects of cold reduction and recrystallization will be shown in further studies later on. Imperfections in Crystals The many terms used in the literature to denote structural types of crystals are often not clearly defined. To clear up some of the confusion, the meaning of the more important terms will be given here. ideal, or perfect without any structural imperfections are called "ideal crystals,,or ''Perfect'' crystals,n meaning a Homogeneous interior structure of atoms, ions or molecules, as the case may be. In other words, at every point in the interior of the crystal exactly the same orientation of the crystallographic axes of the coordinate system would exist. The Surface of such a body, if etched with an appropriate etching reagent, would reflect light with perfect uniformity. Crystals of this type are almost nonexistent. Real Crystals.—L'Real crystals"' may contain various types of structural defects, which can be classified into: (I) lineage structure, (2) mosaic-block structure, (3) lamellar structure. The inhomogeneities many,in these groups mean that the orientation of the crystallographic aies will not be the same at every point within the interior of a crystal (or grain of a poly crystalline body). 'Perjecl Real Crystals.—The term "perfect real crystals " is generally used to describe crystals with minute structural or thermo-dynamical inhomogeneities. The former

Jan 1, 1946

By Helmut Thielsch

During the last three decades a great many arguments have been presented on the subject of "mosaicJ' or "blockJJ structures of metals. Apparently because of insufficient evidence, the "block-structure" theories have never been widely understood among the physical metallurgists in this country, and most investigators among the few that have tried to demonstrate the existence of such an inner strutture Of crystals or grains have failed to recognize also the existence of a lamellar structure. Moreover, little thought has been given to justify the existence of such "lamellar" or "mosaic-block" structures on a theoretical basis. Since properties such as Plasticity; ferro-magnetism, hardness, diffusion, and others may be explained by structural faults in the lattice network of the crystals: the great importance of a more detailed knowledge of the structure within crystals or grains becomes now evident. Because Of the vast extent of the field Of submicroscopic structures, it shall be the purpose Of this paper only to review the more important of the results obtained by other investigators, especially in Germany, where a great deal of attention has been given to mosaic structure during the last three years. The origin of this mosaic patternt and effects of cold reduction and recrystallization will be shown in further studies later on. Imperfections in Crystals The many terms used in the literature to denote structural types of crystals are often not clearly defined. To clear up some of the confusion, the meaning of the more important terms will be given here. ideal, or perfect without any structural imperfections are called "ideal crystals,,or ''Perfect'' crystals,n meaning a Homogeneous interior structure of atoms, ions or molecules, as the case may be. In other words, at every point in the interior of the crystal exactly the same orientation of the crystallographic axes of the coordinate system would exist. The Surface of such a body, if etched with an appropriate etching reagent, would reflect light with perfect uniformity. Crystals of this type are almost nonexistent. Real Crystals.—L'Real crystals"' may contain various types of structural defects, which can be classified into: (I) lineage structure, (2) mosaic-block structure, (3) lamellar structure. The inhomogeneities many,in these groups mean that the orientation of the crystallographic aies will not be the same at every point within the interior of a crystal (or grain of a poly crystalline body). 'Perjecl Real Crystals.—The term "perfect real crystals " is generally used to describe crystals with minute structural or thermo-dynamical inhomogeneities. The former

Jan 1, 1946

By R. H. Atkinson

With the object of improving the melting, casting, and working of palladium and 95.5 pct Pd-4.5 pct Ru, the effects of different melting atmospheres (reducing, oxidizing, and neutral), crucible linings, and annealing atmospheres have been studied. Some interesting observations are included about the solubility and diffusion of gases in palladium. THE object of the present work was to ascertain the effect of oxidizing, inert, and reducing ambient atmospheres on the melting and casting of palladium and a Pd-Ru alloy commonly used for jewelry. The need for such a study was indicated during World War I1 when jewelers experienced difficulty in their attempts to make small castings of the torch-melted Pd-Ru alloy by the lost-wax process. When the metal was melted under oxidizing conditions similar to those used for platinum, the castings were gassy; on the other hand, if the melting atmosphere was reducing, the castings were hot-torn and brittle. General Experimental Procedure Pure palladium sponge (99.9 pct Pd) and pure ruthenium powder (99.8 pct Ru) were used for making small ingots (50 g) of palladium and 95.5 pct Pd-4.5 pct Ru by induction melting. The coil, 3 in. high by 2 in. ID with 16 turns, was energized by a 20 kva Ajax high frequency converter. The melting crucibles, so-called sand crucibles, which were made of a highly refractory fireclay, were lined with different materials, including proprietary magnesia, alundum, zircon, and zirconia

Jan 1, 1957

By J E. Lynch

The Mt Leyshon gold deposit produced in excess of three million ounces of gold and considerable silver over a period of approximately 130 years. Most of this production occurred between 1987 and 2001. Mining commenced in 1872, however it was highly likely that Chinese miners were not only removing alluvial gold from the area but were also mining very rich æreefÆ gold. Records for early alluvial and hard rock mining do not exist, however gold production was probably considerable. In the early 1980s Marathon Petroleum (Australia) Ltd (MPAL) joint ventured into the Mt Leyshon area which had been held as a mining lease by Noranda Australia Ltd since 1968. Noranda at that time was concentrating its exploration effort on the Balcooma base metal prospect areas to the north of Charters Towers. In early 1982 MPALs parent company was taken over by US Steel. This led to an opportunity for MPALs Australian management to purchase all tenements and licences (except for coal, oil and gas) which were duly purchased for $US 1 million. At this time MPAL had a remarkable array of gold tenements (many of which were subsequently mined by other companies) and Mt Leyshon was considered to be the highlight. Early æseedÆ capital ($A 3.1 million) was raised with backers being the Bank of America, the NSW Government Superannuation Scheme, Westpac, private individuals and a Queensland grocery chain by the name of æJack the SlasherÆ.

Jan 1, 2004

By G. Jeffrey Taylor

The environment at the lunar surface is drastically different from the one we are used to on Earth. The Moon has one-sixth of Earth's gravity, virtually no atmosphere, a surface bathed in radiation and micrometeorites, large temperature gradients, low seismicity, and a dusty, rubbly surface. To successfully mine and process materials on the Moon and to mitigate degradation effects in the hostile lunar environment, these factors require new designs for equipment and development of new techniques and technologies.

Jan 1, 1990

The 116th (New York) Meeting of the Institute will be held in the third week of February, 1918. The Committee on Papers and Publications has set Dec. 1, 1917, as the closing date for the receipt of .manuscripts intended for this meeting. Manuscripts must be received by the Secretary on or before this date. If they are sent through members of the technical committees they must be sent to those committees enough in advance of the time to be forwarded and in the. hands of the Secretary by the time specified.

Jan 11, 1917