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By Suzanne Smith, Frank C. Fantauzzo

Introduction America's workforce is the heart of the nation's economy. The health of its members is a matter of national priority. Statistics show that the most common cause of job difficulties is excess use of alcohol or other drugs. Up to 75% of these troubled employees can be returned to productive careers at little expense and with great benefit to their industries. Of the 1.5 million private corporations in the US, only about 500 have alcohol treatment programs. Even fewer have drug abuse programs. It is time that the myths and prejudices surrounding alcohol and drug abuse are dispelled and help is offered. Corporations and labor unions are now finding that programs to treat these diseases benefit both the employees and the industry. The employee derives health and job security. The company sees increased productivity and decreased costs in sick pay and absenteeism. Unfortunately, three-fourths of the nation's 90.5 million workers are employed in establishments of fewer than 500 employees. In these settings, it is unlikely that either management or the unions will take the initiative in developing programs. Alcohol alone affects the health and productivity of nearly 8% of any workforce. This translates to more than 5 million employees in small business. These workers present an opportunity and a challenge. Alcohol abuse costs the nation nearly $116 billion annually. Seventy billion dollars is attributed to lost production. Medical expenditures related to alcohol are estimated to be nearly $13 billion. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) estimates the cost of substance abuse to industry to be in excess of $4 billion a year. In addition to its economic impact, substance abuse has serious personal and social consequences. The mining industry experiences the same exposure as other industries to alcohol, drug abuse, and other employee problems. However, the existence of these problems poses special hazards because of the unique conditions found in mining. Mining has many safety and health hazards. Employees must have full control of their faculties and give full attention to the tasks at hand. Designing employee assistance programs An Employee Assistance Program is a cost-effective, confidential, early intervention system. It is designed to help employees

Jan 11, 1987

When mining of ilmenite deposits wet process of preparation is traditionally used. But this method needs large volume of water. The problem of water deficiency is characteristic of many regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The Satpayevskoye ilmenite deposit is situated in the East Kazakhstan, its location has problems with water, and the mineralogical composition of rock is unfavourable: rocks contain up to 40 per cent of clays. That is why designers made a decision to use dry process of preparation for processing of these ores. Offered scheme and equipment selection are presented in this paper.

Jan 1, 2003

This presentation opens with a definition of technology and how it is implemented. The expenditure and progress on R&D in the mining industry is then investigated and found to be difficult to quantify. The needs and interests of that industry including contribution to this Congress are examined and it is concluded that short-term rather than long-term goals seem to be prevalent. The presentation concludes with the opinion that the answer to the question in the title is both affirmative and negative but overall there is a need for the mining industry to become more innovative.

Jan 1, 1990

By John A. Herbst, K. Rajamani

Process improvement is probably the most widespread objective of mineral process plant operators in the late 1980's. An important part of such improvements is dynamic optimization which involves reacting to inevitable plant disturbances in such a way that productivity is maximized at every instant of time. This paper describes the way in which mathematical models can be and have been used in dynamic optimization. Both off-line and on-line model applications are described.

Jan 1, 1989

By Martha Teach Gnudi, Cyril Stanley Smith

Jan 1, 1942

By John Gross

The building of reverberatory furnaces (Fortschaufelungsofen) where ordinary brick, fire-brick and iron are comparatively cheap, is quite a different matter from the building of such furnaces in isolated camps, where proper material is only to be obtained at high cost and with long delays. Time is always a large factor in metallurgical operations, and the metallurgist may find himself in a position where it becomes necessary to erect apparatus and have it running in less time than it would take to obtain material from outside. It is here that he must make use of makeshifts. In Mexico, one of the most important of these is the alluseful adobe. Employed from prehistoric times, it still has its sphere of application in a surprisingly large number of instances requiring an article that can be quickly and cheaply produced. It is quite possible to erect serviceable reverberatory furnaces with no other materials than adobes, stone and wood. The old Mexican smelting shaft-furnace was an example of what can be done with adobes, and the large number of ruins of this class of furnace scattered through the mining districts of Mexico are silent testimony to the genius of a people who demonstrated their capability of adapting material at hand to their needs. The present paper will describe briefly the construction of an adobe reverberatory furnace which is giving good results, can be quickly erected at a low cost, and, if properly built and handled, will last a long time. The material being simply sun-dried, it naturally follows that the construction must be quite heavy. The adobes should be evenly made, with just sufficient straw to hold them together, and not too large in size (9 in. wide, 18 in. long and 4 in. thick

Jan 1, 1902

By AIME

ALTHOUGH Thomas Savier Washburn, known always to his friends and associates as "Tom," entered this world in Minneapolis, the Flour Capital of America, and the tradition of flour milling was associated with his family name, he decided early to turn his back on such dusty pursuits and to court the Goddess of Fortune in the more romantic fields of mining and the metallurgy of iron and steel. Born in March 1901, his early education was gained successively in the Minneapolis public schools and the Blake School until 1918, and then in Phillips Andover Academy until 1920.

Jan 1, 1947

By Steve Scott

Outline of Talk Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) and Seafloor Sedimentary Sulfides (SSS) Ocean mining of SMS (Nautilus Minerals) Environmental issues Summary

May 1, 2013

The basic rule for correct design of a sample plant is that all parts of the material being sampled must have an equal probability of being collected and becoming part of the final sample for analysis. However, this rule is often ignored in the design of sample plants to save capital costs. This is false economy, because the samples taken are likely to be seriously biased and the precision may be compromised. The introduction of bias is particularly serious, because no amount of replicate sampling and analysis will reduce bias once it is present and it is often quite difficult and expensive to subsequently rectify the problem due to space limitations around the primary sampling location. This is also true of secondary and tertiary sampling stages, particularly in terms of the relationship between particle size and retained sample mass. The best strategy is to seek expert sampling advice and design the sample plant correctly at the outset.

Jan 1, 2005

By Hans von Michaelis

It is appropriate that this opening session of HAZPAC '91 and Randol Gold Forum CAIRNS '91 should address the question of what the two industries can learn from each other. The panel is made up of members with experience in both industry. Several are experts on managing both hazardous waste and the mine/mineral processing environment. There is a marked difference in the regulatory needs with respect to treating and disposing of mining and mineral processing wastes, and "hazardous" or industrial waste materials. The topic of this paper is on the things that the two industries have in common: Many of the processes and technologies that are being used or are currently being developed for treatment of hazardous waste are the same or similar to the processes that have been used for decades or k,nger in the mineral processing industry. Hazardous waste treatment and remediation of contaminated solid and/or groundwater is a relatively new industry. Many of the practitioners in this new industry are relatively inexperienced in most of the "new" technologies that are being applied or developed.

Jan 1, 1991

By Michael A. Evanto, George J. Karabin

The Mine Safety and Health Administration, Pittsburgh Safety and Health Technology Center, Roof Control Division, is routinely involved in the evaluation of ground conditions in underground coal mines. Assessing the stability of mined areas and the compatibility of mining plans with existing conditions is essential to ensuring a safe working environment for mine workers at a given site. Since 1985, the Roof Control Division has successfully used the boundary-element method of numerical modeling to aid in the resolution of complex ground control problems. This paper presents an overview of the modeling methodology and details of techniques currently used to generate coal seam, rock mass, and gob backfill input data. A summary of coal and rock properties used in numerous successful evaluations throughout the United States is included, and a set of deterioration indices that can aid in the quantification of in-mine ground conditions and verification of model accuracy is introduced. Finally, a case study is detailed that typifies the complexity of mining situations analyzed and illustrates various techniques that can be used to evaluate prospective design alternatives.

Jan 5, 1999

By M. C. van Blerck

Since its introduction in 1956, the capital allowance has been increased and its scope widened. At present the allowance is 10% in respect of two categories of gold mine (post-1973 and other deep level mines) and 6% in respect of natural oil mines. The allowance is a significant incentive encouraging the development of new mines, to the benefit of both the fiscus and the South African economy as a whole. A strong case can be made for increasing the amount and the scope of the allowance. The Margo Report recommendation that the allowance should possibly be replaced with a system of direct grants is, in theory, neutral. However, practical difficulties exist with cash grants and there is concern with the implications elsewhere in the Margo Report that the capital allowance is excessive and that, as a consequence, such direct grants will represent an effective reduction in this incentive. I believe that the best course of action would be the retention (and enhancement) of the capital allowance and the expansion of its scope.

Jan 1, 1988

By M. N. Short, I. A. Ettlinger

M. N. Short,? Washington, D. C., and I. A. Ettlinger, New York', N. Y. (New York Meeting. February, 1926) The Pioneer mining district, better known as the Superior district, from its principal town, is located in Pinal County in south-central Arizona about 80 miles east of Phoenix and 22 miles west of Miami. The region embraces a, confused series of mountain ranges of moderate height but precipitous slopes, between which lie irregular valleys filled with alluvial detritus. The average elevation is about 2800 ft. in the valleys and the summits of the ranges reach 2000 ft. above this. Superior is situated on the north bank of Queen Creek where it emerges from one of those ranges into a more or less basin-shaped valley. The drainage of Queen Creek is to the southwest and the flood waters spread out and lose themselves in the desert northeast of Florence, the county seat of Pinal County. The Magma copper mine (Fig. 1) is the only producer in the district. Although discovered in 1875, its production has been important only

Jan 1, 1927

By M. Sheedy

This paper discusses the short bed ion exchange technique for the removal of metal contaminants from copper electrolyte bleed streams. Processes for the selective removal of sulfuric acid, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and iron will be discussed. A case study outlining the performance history of a short bed system for sulfuric acid removal followed by a two stage selective precipitation system producing a nickel carbonate by¬product at the Phelps Dodge Mining Company El Paso operation will be presented.

Jan 1, 2007

J. B. MCGRAW, New York, N. Y. (written discussion*).-In Mr. Burke Baker's description of the process of the American Briquet Co., he speaks only of the attractive features, but every process which uses a compound or emulsified binder has certain undesirable features which must be considered. In making an emulsion, the success of which depends upon the introduction of the various ingredients at certain fixed temperatures and the complete intermixing of a soluble solution with an oil which has absolutely no affinity for it, considerable difficulty is found in keeping the various factors in strict accordance with the formula. To serve its purpose properly or, in other words, to be right for easy mixing with the coal, it should be of a certain predetermined density. Among the controlling factors of this ate the proportion of moisture contained and the temperature of the oil when introduced. If the latter is higher than intended, a greater proportion of moisture will be evaporated than is proper, and if the oil is not sufficiently hot the process of emulsification is retarded. These various factors can be controlled with more or less certainty where working in a laboratory or in a small experimental way, but when it is attempted on a large commercial scale, certain obstacles not otherwise apparent are likely to be encountered.

Jan 5, 1918

By C. R. Van Hise

[Concluding Contribution of Prof. Van Hise to the Discussion of his Paper, and Others on the Same General Subject, presented at the Washington Meeting, February, 1900 (see Ram., xxx., 27, 177, 323, 424, 578) ; also of the contributions of Vogt, De Launay, Beck, Lindgren, Kemp, Rickard, Bain, Keyes, Collins and Adams, presented at the Richmond Meeting, February, 1901, and to be printed in the present volume.] In June, 1900, shortly after my paper was published in the Fransactions, I made a briefer statement* before the Western Society of Engineers covering the same ground, which, in certain respects, is somewhat of an improvement. For instance, instead of using the terms descending and ascending &th reference to the waters resulting in the two concentrations, my modified statement is as follows: " The first concentration of many ore-deposits is the work of a relatively deep water-circulation, while the reconcentration is the result of reactions upon an earlier concentration through the agency of a relatively shallow water-circulation. Commonly the deep water-circulation is lacking in free oxygen, and contains reducing agents, and the shallow water contains free oxygen. The deep water is therefore a reducing, and the shallow water an oxidizing agent."† Of the papers upon ore-deposits which, in vol. xxx. of the Fransactions, follow my own, or which were presented at the Richmond meeting, a considerable number are wholly con-

Jan 1, 1902

By Todd L. Hollingsworth, Jeremy K. Hobbs

In 2001, the Radomiro Tomic Mine located near Calamq Chile, added a tertiary crushing facility. An 84" wide mobile tripper is used to fill their tertiary crushing storage facility. This paper is a we study to demonstrate the drive and control systems in use on the tripper. Of special note is the design concept used to allow the system to operate multiple motors in both demand and regenerative modes through a single VFD. Also noted is the use of touch screen local controls, handheld radio controls, starting/stopping/ braking philosophies, safety device interfaces, and the local to remote control interface.

Jan 1, 2004

By Richard P. Rothwell

THE anthracite coals of Pennsylvania are all mined from large veins. A seam less than four feet. in thickness is generally considered as unworkable, those from which most of the coal now comes being from 8 to 30 feet thick. The system of mining employed is, almost without exception, that known as "chamber and pillar work;" that is, the coal is taken out of chambers of from 18 to 30 feet in width, and pillars of from 12 to 20 feet are left between these to support the roof. In general, the entire thickness of the seam, even

Jan 1, 1875

By Dion Pastars

Kestrel Coal has undertaken a surface-to-seam consolidation program of faulted ground prior to longwall retreat in the 304 panel. Micro fine cement is used to improve the rock mass quality and therefore reduce the risk to personnel and equipment whilst increasing previously assumed sterilised reserves. The program is based on information attained from previously successful grouting campaigns in the Queensland coal area and follows the decision making process to ensure there is sufficient spatial permeation of cement across the faulted area. This data is used to assess the residual risk to the business in terms of health, safety and production

Jan 1, 2007

By Hewitt D

A study of two laterite profiles developed on a serpentinite near Rockhampton, shows that loss of Si02 and MgO results in the relative concentration of Fe203, A1203 and a number of minor elements. Serpentine is broken down to form montmorillonite, goethite, quartz and kaolinite. Enrichment of nickel occurs, and it is shown that the element is mainly associated with montmorillonite and serpentine. Highest nickel values are associated with a zone in the profile which occurs at a depth of 10.5-22 metres, and the bulk of the nickel in this zone (42-80%) is associated with the

Jan 1, 1974